Hinge joint
Encyclopedia
A hinge joint is a bone
joint
in which the articular surfaces are molded to each other in such a manner as to permit motion only in one plane—backward and forward—the extent of motion at the same time being considerable.
The direction which the distal bone takes in this motion is seldom in the same plane as that of the axis of the proximal bone; there is usually a certain amount of deviation from the straight line during flexion
.
The articular surfaces are connected together by strong collateral ligaments, which form their chief bond of union.
The best examples of ginglymus are the interphalangeal
joints and the joint between the humerus
and ulna
; the knee
- and ankle-joints are less typical, as they allow a slight degree of rotation or of side-to-side movement in certain positions of the limb
. The knee is the largest hinge joint in the human body.
Similar objects that work like hinged joints are door hinges, closet doors, dog flaps etc.
Bone
Bones are rigid organs that constitute part of the endoskeleton of vertebrates. They support, and protect the various organs of the body, produce red and white blood cells and store minerals. Bone tissue is a type of dense connective tissue...
joint
Joint
A joint is the location at which two or more bones make contact. They are constructed to allow movement and provide mechanical support, and are classified structurally and functionally.-Classification:...
in which the articular surfaces are molded to each other in such a manner as to permit motion only in one plane—backward and forward—the extent of motion at the same time being considerable.
The direction which the distal bone takes in this motion is seldom in the same plane as that of the axis of the proximal bone; there is usually a certain amount of deviation from the straight line during flexion
Flexion
In anatomy, flexion is a position that is made possible by the joint angle decreasing. The skeletal and muscular systems work together to move the joint into a "flexed" position. For example the elbow is flexed when the hand is brought closer to the shoulder...
.
The articular surfaces are connected together by strong collateral ligaments, which form their chief bond of union.
The best examples of ginglymus are the interphalangeal
Interphalangeal
Interphalangeal can refer to:* Interphalangeal articulations of hand* Interphalangeal articulations of foot...
joints and the joint between the humerus
Humerus
The humerus is a long bone in the arm or forelimb that runs from the shoulder to the elbow....
and ulna
Ulna
The ulna is one of the two long bones in the forearm, the other being the radius. It is prismatic in form and runs parallel to the radius, which is shorter and smaller. In anatomical position The ulna is one of the two long bones in the forearm, the other being the radius. It is prismatic in form...
; the knee
Knee
The knee joint joins the thigh with the leg and consists of two articulations: one between the fibula and tibia, and one between the femur and patella. It is the largest joint in the human body and is very complicated. The knee is a mobile trocho-ginglymus , which permits flexion and extension as...
- and ankle-joints are less typical, as they allow a slight degree of rotation or of side-to-side movement in certain positions of the limb
Limb (anatomy)
A limb is a jointed, or prehensile , appendage of the human or other animal body....
. The knee is the largest hinge joint in the human body.
Similar objects that work like hinged joints are door hinges, closet doors, dog flaps etc.
External links
- Diagram at ntu.edu.tw
- http://anatomy.med.umich.edu/modules/joints_module/joints_16.html