Hezekiah Holland (minister)
Encyclopedia
Hezekiah Holland was an Anglo-Irish
Anglican
clergy
man, tending towards Puritanism. He used the pen name
Anglo-Hibernus.
Probably born in Ireland
, in 1638 Holland graduated Bachelor of Arts
at Trinity College, Dublin
, as Ezekias Holland, and he migrated to England in about 1644. In March of 1645, during the First English Civil War
, Robert Smith, vicar
of Sutton Valence
in Kent
, was deprived of his living
, and Holland was appointed by Parliament
to succeed him as minister of the parish. In July 1649, Holland wrote that he had arrived in England as "a stranger, (a kind of a banished man) out of Ireland... five years ago I came out of that Kingdom into this".
Before long, the General Baptists were gathering a large number of adherents in Kent, and Holland found that he needed to take part in religious controversy with George Hammon, preacher of Biddenden
, one of the Baptist leaders.
In his work An exposition or, A short, but full, plaine, and perfect epitome of the most choice commentaries upon the Revelation
of Saint John, published in 1650, Holland reckoned
that the end of the World
and the Day of Judgment
were 216 years away. Despite its title, this work generally follows the commentary of the German theologian David Pareus
(1548–1622), whose work on the Revelation of Saint John the Divine had been translated into English by Elias Arnold, but Holland relied also on the work of Saint Augustine
, Thomas Brightman
, and the Swiss
reformer
Heinrich Bullinger
. George Hammon replied to Holland in Truth and Innocency, Prevailing against Error and Insolency (1660), a work which sought to defend the thnetopsychist view of humanity.
In Adam's Condition in Paradise Discovered (1656), Holland addressed his opponent Hammon, remarking "you have gotten into great repute with those who know not how to contradict you". Hammon, in a work dated 1660, refers to Holland as being still at Sutton Valence, but this was the year of the Restoration of the monarchy, after which no further traces of Holland have been found. His ultimate fate is unknown.
Anglo-Irish
Anglo-Irish was a term used primarily in the 19th and early 20th centuries to identify a privileged social class in Ireland, whose members were the descendants and successors of the Protestant Ascendancy, mostly belonging to the Church of Ireland, which was the established church of Ireland until...
Anglican
Anglicanism
Anglicanism is a tradition within Christianity comprising churches with historical connections to the Church of England or similar beliefs, worship and church structures. The word Anglican originates in ecclesia anglicana, a medieval Latin phrase dating to at least 1246 that means the English...
clergy
Clergy
Clergy is the generic term used to describe the formal religious leadership within a given religion. A clergyman, churchman or cleric is a member of the clergy, especially one who is a priest, preacher, pastor, or other religious professional....
man, tending towards Puritanism. He used the pen name
Pen name
A pen name, nom de plume, or literary double, is a pseudonym adopted by an author. A pen name may be used to make the author's name more distinctive, to disguise his or her gender, to distance an author from some or all of his or her works, to protect the author from retribution for his or her...
Anglo-Hibernus.
Probably born in Ireland
Kingdom of Ireland
The Kingdom of Ireland refers to the country of Ireland in the period between the proclamation of Henry VIII as King of Ireland by the Crown of Ireland Act 1542 and the Act of Union in 1800. It replaced the Lordship of Ireland, which had been created in 1171...
, in 1638 Holland graduated Bachelor of Arts
Bachelor of Arts
A Bachelor of Arts , from the Latin artium baccalaureus, is a bachelor's degree awarded for an undergraduate course or program in either the liberal arts, the sciences, or both...
at Trinity College, Dublin
Trinity College, Dublin
Trinity College, Dublin , formally known as the College of the Holy and Undivided Trinity of Queen Elizabeth near Dublin, was founded in 1592 by letters patent from Queen Elizabeth I as the "mother of a university", Extracts from Letters Patent of Elizabeth I, 1592: "...we...found and...
, as Ezekias Holland, and he migrated to England in about 1644. In March of 1645, during the First English Civil War
First English Civil War
The First English Civil War began the series of three wars known as the English Civil War . "The English Civil War" was a series of armed conflicts and political machinations that took place between Parliamentarians and Royalists from 1642 until 1651, and includes the Second English Civil War and...
, Robert Smith, vicar
Vicar
In the broadest sense, a vicar is a representative, deputy or substitute; anyone acting "in the person of" or agent for a superior . In this sense, the title is comparable to lieutenant...
of Sutton Valence
Sutton Valence
Sutton Valence is a village some five miles SE of Maidstone, Kent, England on the Greensand Ridge overlooking the Vale of Kent and Weald. One of the main landmarks in the village is , of which only the ruins of the 12th century keep remain, under the ownership of English Heritage, open any...
in Kent
Kent
Kent is a county in southeast England, and is one of the home counties. It borders East Sussex, Surrey and Greater London and has a defined boundary with Essex in the middle of the Thames Estuary. The ceremonial county boundaries of Kent include the shire county of Kent and the unitary borough of...
, was deprived of his living
Benefice
A benefice is a reward received in exchange for services rendered and as a retainer for future services. The term is now almost obsolete.-Church of England:...
, and Holland was appointed by Parliament
Parliament of England
The Parliament of England was the legislature of the Kingdom of England. In 1066, William of Normandy introduced a feudal system, by which he sought the advice of a council of tenants-in-chief and ecclesiastics before making laws...
to succeed him as minister of the parish. In July 1649, Holland wrote that he had arrived in England as "a stranger, (a kind of a banished man) out of Ireland... five years ago I came out of that Kingdom into this".
Before long, the General Baptists were gathering a large number of adherents in Kent, and Holland found that he needed to take part in religious controversy with George Hammon, preacher of Biddenden
Biddenden
Biddenden is a village and civil parish in the Ashford District of Kent, England. The village lies on the Weald of Kent, some five miles north of Tenterden. It was centre for Wealden iron industry and also of clothmaking. During the reign of Edward III some Flemish clothworkers settled in the area...
, one of the Baptist leaders.
In his work An exposition or, A short, but full, plaine, and perfect epitome of the most choice commentaries upon the Revelation
Book of Revelation
The Book of Revelation is the final book of the New Testament. The title came into usage from the first word of the book in Koine Greek: apokalupsis, meaning "unveiling" or "revelation"...
of Saint John, published in 1650, Holland reckoned
Christian eschatology
Christian eschatology is a major branch of study within Christian theology. Eschatology, from two Greek words meaning last and study , is the study of the end of things, whether the end of an individual life, the end of the age, or the end of the world...
that the end of the World
Apocalypse
An Apocalypse is a disclosure of something hidden from the majority of mankind in an era dominated by falsehood and misconception, i.e. the veil to be lifted. The Apocalypse of John is the Book of Revelation, the last book of the New Testament...
and the Day of Judgment
Last Judgment
The Last Judgment, Final Judgment, Day of Judgment, Judgment Day, or The Day of the Lord in Christian theology, is the final and eternal judgment by God of every nation. The concept is found in all the Canonical gospels, particularly the Gospel of Matthew. It will purportedly take place after the...
were 216 years away. Despite its title, this work generally follows the commentary of the German theologian David Pareus
David Pareus
David Pareus was a German Reformed Protestant theologian and reformer.-Life:He was born at Frankenstein December 30, 1548. He was apprenticed to an apothecary and again to a shoemaker...
(1548–1622), whose work on the Revelation of Saint John the Divine had been translated into English by Elias Arnold, but Holland relied also on the work of Saint Augustine
Augustine of Canterbury
Augustine of Canterbury was a Benedictine monk who became the first Archbishop of Canterbury in the year 597...
, Thomas Brightman
Thomas Brightman
Thomas Brightman was an English clergyman and biblical commentator. His exegesis of the Book of Revelation, published posthumously, proved influential. According to William M...
, and the Swiss
Switzerland
Switzerland name of one of the Swiss cantons. ; ; ; or ), in its full name the Swiss Confederation , is a federal republic consisting of 26 cantons, with Bern as the seat of the federal authorities. The country is situated in Western Europe,Or Central Europe depending on the definition....
reformer
Protestant Reformers
Protestant Reformers were those theologians, churchmen, and statesmen whose careers, works, and actions brought about the Protestant Reformation of the sixteenth century...
Heinrich Bullinger
Heinrich Bullinger
Heinrich Bullinger was a Swiss reformer, the successor of Huldrych Zwingli as head of the Zurich church and pastor at Grossmünster...
. George Hammon replied to Holland in Truth and Innocency, Prevailing against Error and Insolency (1660), a work which sought to defend the thnetopsychist view of humanity.
In Adam's Condition in Paradise Discovered (1656), Holland addressed his opponent Hammon, remarking "you have gotten into great repute with those who know not how to contradict you". Hammon, in a work dated 1660, refers to Holland as being still at Sutton Valence, but this was the year of the Restoration of the monarchy, after which no further traces of Holland have been found. His ultimate fate is unknown.
Publications
- A Christian looking-glasse, or, A glimps of Christs unchangably everlasting love discovered in several sermons, in the parish-church of Sutton-Valence (Printed by T. R. & E. M. for George Calvert, at the Half-moon in Watling-street, neer Pauls stump, 1649)
- Anglo-Hibernus, An exposition or, A short, but full, plaine, and perfect epitome of the most choice commentaries upon the Revelation of Saint John (1650)
- Adam's Condition in Paradise Discovered Wherein Is Proved That Adam Had Right to Eternall Life, in Innocency, and Forfeited It, for Him and His (1656)