Herman Schmalenbach was a German philosopher who refined the concepts of Gemeinschaft and Bund

Bund

- Organizations :* German American Bund, a pro-Nazi pre-World War II organisation* General Jewish Labour Bund in Lithuania, Poland and Russia, a political party founded in the Russian Empire* General Jewish Labour Bund in Poland, a political party founded in Poland...

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Biography

He was born on November 15 1885 in Breckerfeld, Germany, his brother was Eugen Schmalenbach

Eugen Schmalenbach

Eugen Schmalenbach was a German academic and economist. He was born in Halver, and attended the Leipzig College of Commerce starting in 1898...

. He studied in Jena

Jena

Jena is a university city in central Germany on the river Saale. It has a population of approx. 103,000 and is the second largest city in the federal state of Thuringia, after Erfurt.-History:Jena was first mentioned in an 1182 document...

, Berlin and Munich, and he received his doctorate in 1910 at Jena

Jena

Jena is a university city in central Germany on the river Saale. It has a population of approx. 103,000 and is the second largest city in the federal state of Thuringia, after Erfurt.-History:Jena was first mentioned in an 1182 document...

. From 1916 to 1917 he taught at a reform school in Ilbeshausen-Hochwaldhausen. In Göttingen

Göttingen

Göttingen is a university town in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is the capital of the district of Göttingen. The Leine river runs through the town. In 2006 the population was 129,686.-General information:...

 from 1920 to 1923 he was an Associate Professor. He also taught in 1928 at the University of Hanover. From 1931 he started at the University of Basel

University of Basel

The University of Basel is located in Basel, Switzerland, and is considered to be one of leading universities in the country...

, founded and worked there until his death on November 3, 1950 in Basel, Switzerland.