Henry XVI of Bavaria
Encyclopedia
Henry XVI of Bavaria , since 1393 Duke of Bavaria-Landshut
. He was a son of duke Frederick
and his wife Maddalena Visconti
, a daughter of Bernabò Visconti
.
in Landshut, a fortification which attained enormous dimensions.
Having inherited not only the black hair but also the despotic temperament of the Visconti
, Henry oppressed very cruelly uprisings of the citizenry of Landshut in 1410 and fought successfully against his cousin Louis VII the Bearded
, the duke of Bavaria-Ingolstadt
. He united Louis’ enemies in the Parakeet Society
of 1414 and the League of Constance of 1415.
While the duchy of Bavaria-Straubing
was still divided between Bavaria-Ingolstadt
, Bavaria-Munich
and Bavaria-Landshut
after the extinction of the dukes of Straubing in 1429, Henry managed to receive the complete duchy of Bavaria-Ingolstadt in 1447. The pest killed Henry in 1450, he was succeeded by his son Louis IX the Rich
.
Henry invented the idea to banish his wife to Burghausen Castle
to extend his freedom. His son and grandson took over this tradition.
. Their children were:
He also had illegitimate children, including Georg von Zangberg, Elisabeth and Barbara.
Bavaria-Landshut
-History:The creation of the duchy was the result of the death of Emperor Louis IV the Bavarian. In the Treaty of Landsberg 1349, which divided up Louis's empire, his sons Stephen, William, and Albert were to receive jointly Lower Bavaria and the Netherlands. Four years later the inheritance was...
. He was a son of duke Frederick
Frederick, Duke of Bavaria
Frederick was Duke of Bavaria from 1375. He was the second son of Stephen II and Elizabeth of Sicily.-Family:His maternal grandparents were Frederick III of Sicily and Eleanor of Anjou...
and his wife Maddalena Visconti
Maddalena Visconti
Maddalena Visconti was a daughter of Bernabò Visconti and his wife Beatrice Regina della Scala. Maddalena was Duchess of Bavaria-Landshut by her marriage to Frederick, Duke of Bavaria.- Family :...
, a daughter of Bernabò Visconti
Bernabo Visconti
Bernabò Visconti was an Italian soldier and statesman, who was Lord of Milan.-Life:He was born in Milan, the son of Stefano Visconti and Valentina Doria. From 1346 to 1349 he lived in exile, until he was called back by his uncle Giovanni Visconti...
.
Life
Duke Henry XVI was the first of the three famous rich dukes, who reigned Bavaria-Landshut in the 15th century. Their residence was Trausnitz CastleTrausnitz Castle
Trausnitz Castle is a medieval castle situated in Landshut, Bavaria in Germany. It was the home of the Wittelsbach dynasty, and it served as their ducal residence for Lower Bavaria from 1255–1503, and later as hereditary rulers of the whole of Bavaria...
in Landshut, a fortification which attained enormous dimensions.
House of Visconti
Visconti is the family name of two important Italian noble dynasties of the Middle Ages. There are two distinct Visconti families: The first one in the Republic of Pisa in the mid twelfth century who achieved prominence first in Pisa, then in Sardinia where they became rulers of Gallura...
, Henry oppressed very cruelly uprisings of the citizenry of Landshut in 1410 and fought successfully against his cousin Louis VII the Bearded
Louis VII, Duke of Bavaria
Duke Louis VII of Bavaria was Duke of Bavaria-Ingolstadt from 1413 until 1443. He was a son of Stephen III and Taddea Visconti.-Biography:...
, the duke of Bavaria-Ingolstadt
Bavaria-Ingolstadt
Bavaria-Ingolstadt was a duchy which was part of the Holy Roman Empire from 1392 to 1447.-History:After the death of Stephen II in 1375, his sons Stephen III, Frederick, and John II jointly ruled Bavaria-Landshut. After seventeen years, the brothers decided to formally divide their inheritance...
. He united Louis’ enemies in the Parakeet Society
Parakeet Society
The Parakeet Society was a union of the enemies of Louis VII the Bearded, duke of Bavaria-Ingolstadt. It was founded on April 17, 1414 by his cousin, duke Henry XVI of Bavaria-Landshut...
of 1414 and the League of Constance of 1415.
While the duchy of Bavaria-Straubing
Bavaria-Straubing
Bavaria-Straubing denotes the widely-scattered territorial inheritance in the Wittelsbach house of Bavaria that were governed by independent dukes of Bavaria-Straubing between 1353 and 1432; a map of these marches and outliers of the Holy Roman Empire, vividly demonstrates the fractionalisation of...
was still divided between Bavaria-Ingolstadt
Bavaria-Ingolstadt
Bavaria-Ingolstadt was a duchy which was part of the Holy Roman Empire from 1392 to 1447.-History:After the death of Stephen II in 1375, his sons Stephen III, Frederick, and John II jointly ruled Bavaria-Landshut. After seventeen years, the brothers decided to formally divide their inheritance...
, Bavaria-Munich
Bavaria-Munich
-History:After the death of Stephen II in 1375, his sons Stephen III, Frederick, and John II jointly ruled Bavaria-Landshut. After seventeen years, the brothers decided to formally divide their inheritance. John received Bavaria-Munich, Stephen received Bavaria-Ingolstadt, while Frederick kept...
and Bavaria-Landshut
Bavaria-Landshut
-History:The creation of the duchy was the result of the death of Emperor Louis IV the Bavarian. In the Treaty of Landsberg 1349, which divided up Louis's empire, his sons Stephen, William, and Albert were to receive jointly Lower Bavaria and the Netherlands. Four years later the inheritance was...
after the extinction of the dukes of Straubing in 1429, Henry managed to receive the complete duchy of Bavaria-Ingolstadt in 1447. The pest killed Henry in 1450, he was succeeded by his son Louis IX the Rich
Louis IX, Duke of Bavaria
Louis IX , was Duke of Bavaria-Landshut from 1450. He was a son of Henry XVI the Rich and Margaret of Austria.-Biography:Louis succeeded his father in 1450...
.
Henry invented the idea to banish his wife to Burghausen Castle
Burghausen Castle
The Burghausen Castle in Burghausen, Upper Bavaria is the longest castle complex in Europe .-History:The castle hill was already settled in the Bronze Age. The castle was transferred to the Wittelsbachs after the death of the last count of Burghausen Gebhard II in 1168...
to extend his freedom. His son and grandson took over this tradition.
Family and children
He was married in Landshut 25 November 1412 to Margarete of Austria, daughter of Duke Albert IV of Austria and Johanna Sophia of BavariaJohanna Sophia of Bavaria
Joanna Sophia of Bavaria was the youngest daughter of Albert I, Duke of Bavaria and his first wife Margaret of Brieg. She was a member of the House of Wittelsbach....
. Their children were:
- Albrecht (1414, BurghausenBurghausenBurghausen may refer to several places in Germany:*Burghausen, Altötting, a town in southeastern Bavaria*Burghausen bei Münnerstadt, part of Münnerstadt in northern Bavaria*Burghausen bei Freising, part of Kirchdorf an der Amper in central Bavaria...
–ca. 1418).. - Friedrich (1415–7 June 1416, Burghausen).
- Ludwig IX "der Reiche"Louis IX, Duke of BavariaLouis IX , was Duke of Bavaria-Landshut from 1450. He was a son of Henry XVI the Rich and Margaret of Austria.-Biography:Louis succeeded his father in 1450...
(23 February 1417, Burghausen–18 January 1479, Landshut). - Johanna (1413–20 July 1444, MosbachMosbachMosbach is the capital of the Neckar-Odenwald district in the north of Baden-Württemberg, Germany, about 58 km east of Heidelberg. Its geographical position is 49.21'N 9.9'E....
), married in Burghausen in 1430 to Count Palatine Otto I of MosbachOtto I, Count Palatine of MosbachOtto I was the Count Palatine of Mosbach from 1410 until 1448, and the Count Palatine of Mosbach-Neumarkt from 1448 until 1461.-Life:...
. - Elisabeth (1419–1 January 1451, Landshut), married in StuttgartStuttgartStuttgart is the capital of the state of Baden-Württemberg in southern Germany. The sixth-largest city in Germany, Stuttgart has a population of 600,038 while the metropolitan area has a population of 5.3 million ....
1445 to Ulrich V, Count of WürttembergUlrich V, Count of WurttembergUlrich V of Württemberg called "der Vielgeliebte" , Count of Württemberg. He was the younger son of Count Eberhard IV and Henriette of Mömpelgard.-Life:...
. - Margarete (b. 1420), a nun at Seligental.
He also had illegitimate children, including Georg von Zangberg, Elisabeth and Barbara.