Hayneville, Alabama
Encyclopedia
Hayneville is a town in Lowndes County
, Alabama
, United States
. At the 2000 census the population was 1,177. The city is the county seat
of Lowndes County
. It is also part of the Montgomery
Metropolitan Statistical Area
.
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 1.9 square miles (4.9 km²), of which, 1.9 square miles (4.9 km²) of it is land and 0.54% is water.
of 2000, there were 1,177 people, 409 households, and 294 families residing in the town. The population density
was 635.3 people per square mile (245.6/km²). There were 467 housing units at an average density of 252.1 per square mile (97.5/km²). The racial makeup of the town was 85.47% Black
or African American
, 13.42% White
, 0.17% Asian
, and 0.93% from two or more races. 0.34% of the population were Hispanic
or Latino
of any race.
There were 409 households out of which 37.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 34.7% were married couples
living together, 33.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 28.1% were non-families. 27.1% of all households were made up of individuals and 10.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.80 and the average family size was 3.45.
In the town the population was spread out with 32.7% under the age of 18, 11.8% from 18 to 24, 25.1% from 25 to 44, 17.8% from 45 to 64, and 12.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 30 years. For every 100 females there were 88.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 81.7 males.
The median income for a household in the town was $19,554, and the median income for a family was $22,788. Males had a median income of $22,396 versus $20,417 for females. The per capita income
for the town was $9,556. About 35.2% of families and 35.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 42.3% of those under age 18 and 28.1% of those age 65 or over.
. All of the protesters were arrested and taken to jail in nearby Hayneville. Five juvenile protesters were released the next day. The rest of the group was held for six days; they refused to accept bail unless everyone was bailed. Finally, on August 20, the prisoners were released without transport back to Fort Deposit. After release, the group waited by a road nearby the jail. Daniels with three others — a white Catholic priest and two black protesters—went down the street to get a cold soft drink at Varner's Grocery Store, one of the few local stores that would serve nonwhites. They were met at the front by Tom L. Coleman, an engineer for the state highway department and unpaid special deputy, who wielded a shotgun. The man threatened the group, and finally leveled his gun at seventeen-year-old Ruby Sales
. Daniels pushed Sales down to the ground and caught the full blast of the gun. He was killed instantly. The priest, Richard F. Morrisroe, grabbed the other protester and ran. Coleman shot Morrisroe, wounding him in the lower back.
In June 1965, an 18-year-old from upstate New York named Gregory Orr who had traveled to Mississippi to take part in civil rights protests was driving home from Jackson, where he had been arrested with other protesters and held without charges for 10 days under brutal conditions at the state fairgrounds. In Alabama he was stopped by vigilantes, kidnapped and then held without charges for eight days in the Hayneville jail. In New York that August, Orr read a report of the murder of Jonathan Daniels in the New York Times. He recognized one of his own kidnappers in a photograph—apparently Tom Coleman. Gregory Orr would later become a prominent poet and professor at the University of Virginia
. He published an account of his Hayneville ordeal in the Virginia Quarterly Review in 2008.
Lowndes County, Alabama
Lowndes County is a county of the U.S. state of Alabama. It is named in honor of William Lowndes, a member of the United States Congress from South Carolina. As of the 2010 census, the population was 11,299...
, Alabama
Alabama
Alabama is a state located in the southeastern region of the United States. It is bordered by Tennessee to the north, Georgia to the east, Florida and the Gulf of Mexico to the south, and Mississippi to the west. Alabama ranks 30th in total land area and ranks second in the size of its inland...
, United States
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
. At the 2000 census the population was 1,177. The city is the county seat
County seat
A county seat is an administrative center, or seat of government, for a county or civil parish. The term is primarily used in the United States....
of Lowndes County
Lowndes County, Alabama
Lowndes County is a county of the U.S. state of Alabama. It is named in honor of William Lowndes, a member of the United States Congress from South Carolina. As of the 2010 census, the population was 11,299...
. It is also part of the Montgomery
Montgomery, Alabama
Montgomery is the capital of the U.S. state of Alabama, and is the county seat of Montgomery County. It is located on the Alabama River southeast of the center of the state, in the Gulf Coastal Plain. As of the 2010 census, Montgomery had a population of 205,764 making it the second-largest city...
Metropolitan Statistical Area
Montgomery Metropolitan Area
The Montgomery, Alabama Metropolitan Statistical Area is a metropolitan statistical area in central Alabama...
.
Geography
Hayneville is located at 32°10′57"N 86°34′50"W (32.182365, -86.580468).According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 1.9 square miles (4.9 km²), of which, 1.9 square miles (4.9 km²) of it is land and 0.54% is water.
Demographics
As of the censusCensus
A census is the procedure of systematically acquiring and recording information about the members of a given population. It is a regularly occurring and official count of a particular population. The term is used mostly in connection with national population and housing censuses; other common...
of 2000, there were 1,177 people, 409 households, and 294 families residing in the town. The population density
Population density
Population density is a measurement of population per unit area or unit volume. It is frequently applied to living organisms, and particularly to humans...
was 635.3 people per square mile (245.6/km²). There were 467 housing units at an average density of 252.1 per square mile (97.5/km²). The racial makeup of the town was 85.47% Black
Race (United States Census)
Race and ethnicity in the United States Census, as defined by the Federal Office of Management and Budget and the United States Census Bureau, are self-identification data items in which residents choose the race or races with which they most closely identify, and indicate whether or not they are...
or African American
Race (United States Census)
Race and ethnicity in the United States Census, as defined by the Federal Office of Management and Budget and the United States Census Bureau, are self-identification data items in which residents choose the race or races with which they most closely identify, and indicate whether or not they are...
, 13.42% White
Race (United States Census)
Race and ethnicity in the United States Census, as defined by the Federal Office of Management and Budget and the United States Census Bureau, are self-identification data items in which residents choose the race or races with which they most closely identify, and indicate whether or not they are...
, 0.17% Asian
Race (United States Census)
Race and ethnicity in the United States Census, as defined by the Federal Office of Management and Budget and the United States Census Bureau, are self-identification data items in which residents choose the race or races with which they most closely identify, and indicate whether or not they are...
, and 0.93% from two or more races. 0.34% of the population were Hispanic
Race (United States Census)
Race and ethnicity in the United States Census, as defined by the Federal Office of Management and Budget and the United States Census Bureau, are self-identification data items in which residents choose the race or races with which they most closely identify, and indicate whether or not they are...
or Latino
Race (United States Census)
Race and ethnicity in the United States Census, as defined by the Federal Office of Management and Budget and the United States Census Bureau, are self-identification data items in which residents choose the race or races with which they most closely identify, and indicate whether or not they are...
of any race.
There were 409 households out of which 37.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 34.7% were married couples
Marriage
Marriage is a social union or legal contract between people that creates kinship. It is an institution in which interpersonal relationships, usually intimate and sexual, are acknowledged in a variety of ways, depending on the culture or subculture in which it is found...
living together, 33.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 28.1% were non-families. 27.1% of all households were made up of individuals and 10.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.80 and the average family size was 3.45.
In the town the population was spread out with 32.7% under the age of 18, 11.8% from 18 to 24, 25.1% from 25 to 44, 17.8% from 45 to 64, and 12.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 30 years. For every 100 females there were 88.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 81.7 males.
The median income for a household in the town was $19,554, and the median income for a family was $22,788. Males had a median income of $22,396 versus $20,417 for females. The per capita income
Per capita income
Per capita income or income per person is a measure of mean income within an economic aggregate, such as a country or city. It is calculated by taking a measure of all sources of income in the aggregate and dividing it by the total population...
for the town was $9,556. About 35.2% of families and 35.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 42.3% of those under age 18 and 28.1% of those age 65 or over.
Civil rights crimes in Hayneville
On August 13, 1965, Jonathan Daniels, an Episcopal seminarian from New Hampshire, in a group of 29 civil rights protesters, went to picket whites-only stores in the small town of Fort Deposit, AlabamaFort Deposit, Alabama
Fort Deposit is a town in Lowndes County, Alabama, United States. At the 2000 census the population was 1,270. It is part of the Montgomery Metropolitan Statistical Area....
. All of the protesters were arrested and taken to jail in nearby Hayneville. Five juvenile protesters were released the next day. The rest of the group was held for six days; they refused to accept bail unless everyone was bailed. Finally, on August 20, the prisoners were released without transport back to Fort Deposit. After release, the group waited by a road nearby the jail. Daniels with three others — a white Catholic priest and two black protesters—went down the street to get a cold soft drink at Varner's Grocery Store, one of the few local stores that would serve nonwhites. They were met at the front by Tom L. Coleman, an engineer for the state highway department and unpaid special deputy, who wielded a shotgun. The man threatened the group, and finally leveled his gun at seventeen-year-old Ruby Sales
Ruby Sales
Ruby Sales is an African-American social activist.Growing up in Alabama during the tumultuous days of the U.S. Civil Rights Movement, Sales participated in the Selma to Montgomery marches of 1965. She was arrested for her actions, and released after six days...
. Daniels pushed Sales down to the ground and caught the full blast of the gun. He was killed instantly. The priest, Richard F. Morrisroe, grabbed the other protester and ran. Coleman shot Morrisroe, wounding him in the lower back.
In June 1965, an 18-year-old from upstate New York named Gregory Orr who had traveled to Mississippi to take part in civil rights protests was driving home from Jackson, where he had been arrested with other protesters and held without charges for 10 days under brutal conditions at the state fairgrounds. In Alabama he was stopped by vigilantes, kidnapped and then held without charges for eight days in the Hayneville jail. In New York that August, Orr read a report of the murder of Jonathan Daniels in the New York Times. He recognized one of his own kidnappers in a photograph—apparently Tom Coleman. Gregory Orr would later become a prominent poet and professor at the University of Virginia
University of Virginia
The University of Virginia is a public research university located in Charlottesville, Virginia, United States, founded by Thomas Jefferson...
. He published an account of his Hayneville ordeal in the Virginia Quarterly Review in 2008.