Giorgio Fidenato
Encyclopedia
Giorgio Fidenato is an Italian libertarian
Libertarianism
Libertarianism, in the strictest sense, is the political philosophy that holds individual liberty as the basic moral principle of society. In the broadest sense, it is any political philosophy which approximates this view...

 farmer, co-founder and coordinator of the Movimento Libertario and secretary of Futuragra a cultural association of Pordenone
Pordenone
Pordenone is a comune of Pordenone province of northeast Italy in the Friuli-Venezia Giulia region.The name comes from the Latin "Portus Naonis" meaning the port on the river Noncello - History :...

 for technological innovation, business culture, defense of private property and free markets in agriculture.

He is also president of Agricoltori Federati - Italian Federated Farmers.

Italian Federated Farmers

In December 2005 in San Quirino
San Quirino
San Quirino is a comune in the Province of Pordenone in the Italian region Friuli-Venezia Giulia, located about 100 km northwest of Trieste and about 8 km northeast of Pordenone...

 assembly of the Confederation of Italian Agricultures (CIA in Italian acronym) of Pordenone approve the split by the National Confederation of Agricultures proposed by President of local association Giorgio Fidenato.

The CIA became therefore Federated Farmers to emphasize its independence and its willingness to "treat the expectations of farmers, concrete expectations and not smoke or political system".

The Italian Agricultures Confederation of Pordenone now Federated Farmers includes about 600 members in western Friuli, it was "Commissioner" by the national president in August 2005, but the measure was immediately challenged by the provincial president Fidenato that contrary to claims of national leaders, had firmly maintained the self-organization of Pordenone, in fact so as to prevent the Commissioner.

The case has landed in the classroom with a first court ruling in favor of Giorgio Fidenato, the rejection of the injunction requested by the National president of CIA, and pending the proceedings, the CIA Pordenone was split: one part met in assembly and elected their leaders, while others is now called with the name of "Federated Farmers".

Italian Federated Farmers has borrowed its name from New Zealand Federated Farmers
Federated Farmers
Federated Farmers of New Zealand Incorporated is an organisation in New Zealand which lobbies on behalf of its member farmers.It has a network of 24 provinces and seven industry groups. Federated Farmers provides a locally based, democratic organisation that lobbies on farming issues both...

, a farmers associations in New Zealand.

In a difficult economic situation of the agricultural sector occurred in 1985 similar to the present, before the dismantling of interventionism in agriculture wanted by the New Zealand
New Zealand
New Zealand is an island country in the south-western Pacific Ocean comprising two main landmasses and numerous smaller islands. The country is situated some east of Australia across the Tasman Sea, and roughly south of the Pacific island nations of New Caledonia, Fiji, and Tonga...

 government, Federated Farmers had the courage to support that government policy and say enough interventionism in agriculture because they realized that more incentive measures would produce surplus production that would have lowered the price of agricultural products below production costs.

Italian Federated Farmers believes that in order to defend the interests of its members, the necessary measures to be implemented immediately to immediately exit from this intolerable situation of economic crisis is to call a halt to government support in agriculture at European level in order to balance supply demand and because the agricultural policy is supported by the VAT paid by the taxpayers of member states, we consider it urgent to reduce the VAT rate to a level lower average current that coincides with the abandonment of public financing policy CAP.

The right to sow GMO maize

In the second half of 2006, Giorgio Fidenato decided to sow transgenic seeds on his land.

Since cultivating transgenic products is possible by virtue of European legislation but was not yet implemented in Italy, to produce genetically modified crops like corn requires the authorization of the Italian Ministry of Agriculture.

To this question in early 2007, the Italian Ministry of Agriculture said no, because there is no plan for coexistence between GMO and non-GMO crops for the region (Friuli
Friuli
Friuli is an area of northeastern Italy with its own particular cultural and historical identity. It comprises the major part of the autonomous region Friuli-Venezia Giulia, i.e. the province of Udine, Pordenone, Gorizia, excluding Trieste...

).

Fidenato with Silvano Dalla Libera and their association Futuragra supported by the Movimento Libertario, immediately went to the Regional Administrative Court, but the appeal was rejected in a preliminary ruling by the lack of citation of the subject most closely concerned in the proceedings in question, namely the region Friuli Venezia Giulia.

In 2008, the appeal to the Italian Council of State
Italian Council of State
The Consiglio di Stato is a legal-administrative consultative body and ensures the legality of public administration in Italy. The council has jurisdiction on acts of all administrative authorities, except when these authorities lack discretionary power, in which case the dispute is considered to...

 on 19 January 2010 ruled in favor of Fidenato.

According to the Italian Council of State, the fact that the region of Friuli had not prepared the plan for coexistence can not obstruct the right of Fidenato to sow his land with GMO, because GMO crops are allowed within the European market.

Furthermore, the plan deals with the coexistence of the socioeconomic aspects (e.g. distance of the crops the adjoining land) and not issues related to environment and health.

With this ruling, then, the Italian Council of State gave notice to the Italian Ministry of Agriculture within 90 days to give permission to Fidenato to sow his land with GMO
GMO
A GMO is a genetically modified organism.GMO may also refer to:* Gell-Mann–Okubo mass formula in particle physics* General Medical Officer, a designation for United States Army soldiers* Generalised molecular orbital theory, in chemistry...

.

On 19 January 2010 the ruling of the Italian Council of State forces a rethink of policies in the agricultural field.

The Fidenato-GMO ruling has been described in Italian newspapers including Corriere della Sera, Avvenire
Avvenire
Avvenire is an Italian daily newspaper affiliated with the Roman Catholic Church. It was founded in 1968 in Milan through the merger of two Catholic magazines: L'Avvenire d'Italia of Bologna and l'Italia of Milan.-History:...

, and radio broadcasts of national importance like Radio Radicale.

In March 2010, the Italian minister of agriculture Zaia before resigning from his ministerial role to run in to the Italian regional elections had signed a decree denying the cultivation of GMO maize.

On 29 April, Fidenato, Movimento Libertario and Futuragra they state in a public conference that the ministerial decree does not incorporate any of the directions of Council of State and are keen to act through the courts.

Despite strong oppositions of environmentalists and no-global movements, partially of Italian government and some opposition political forces the first cultivation of GMO maize in Italy has been sown before of 30 April 2010 (date initially established) in Vivaro
Vivaro
Vivaro is a comune in the Province of Pordenone in the Italian region Friuli-Venezia Giulia, located about 90 km northwest of Trieste and about 15 km northeast of Pordenone...

 (a town in Province of Pordenone) in Friuli, when the ruling of the Italian Council of State comes into effect.

The date of sown was anticipated on simbolic Italian date of April 25, 2010 (Liberation Day), for avoid the direct protests of environmentalists and no-global group during the sowing.

Despite the precautions to avoid violence, anyway Fidenato and Italian Federated Farmers were insulted and threatened in their headquarters by a group of environmentalists and anti-globalization protesters.

Giorgio Fidenato in collaboration with Leonardo Facco, will make public photos and videos of the plant growth of GMO maize on the website of the Movimento Libertario.

Following the incidents, Elisabetta Zamparutti Italian Radicals
Italian Radicals
Italian Radicals is an Italian political party which describes itself as a liberale, liberista e libertario political movement .It was...

 member of Italian Parliament in Environment Committee turned her solidarity to the Movimento Libertario, Federated Farmers and Giorgio Fidenato, claiming their action of nonviolent civil disobedience, arguing the need to open Italy to the cultivation of GMOs.

Another message of solidarity to Giorgio Fidenato came from Italian Radical Domenico Letizia Secretary of the Luca Coscioni Association (for freedom of scientific research) of Caserta
Caserta
Caserta is the capital of the province of Caserta in the Campania region of Italy. It is an important agricultural, commercial and industrial comune and city. Caserta is located on the edge of the Campanian plain at the foot of the Campanian Subapennine mountain range...

, in the message Letizia supports freedom research and choice of Italians farmers and consumers about GMO foods.

On May 4, 2010, Italian Radicals parliamentaries Elisabetta Zamparutti, Marco Beltrandi, Rita
Bernardini, Maria Antonietta Farina Coscioni, Matteo Mecacci e Maurizio Turco (Lista Emma Bonino in the Italian Democratic Party have deposited (and publishing the following day) a parliamentary question written to Italian Minister of the Interior
Italian Minister of the Interior
This is a list of Italian Ministers of the Interior since 1861.-Kingdom of Italy:-Italian Republic:...

, Roberto Maroni
Roberto Maroni
Roberto Maroni is an Italian politician from Varese. He is a member of the Northern League political movement. Since 1992 he is a Member of the Chamber of Duputies of the Italian Republic, always elected in Lombardy's districts and costituencies...

 and to the new Italian Minister of Agriculture
Italian Minister of Agriculture
The Italian Minister of Agricultural, Food and Forestry Policies is the head of the Republic of Italy's Ministry of Agricultural, Food and Forestry Policies. The ministry had been abolished by legislative referendum in 1993, during a period of great upheaval and financial sacrifices, but it was...

, Giancarlo Galan
Giancarlo Galan
Giancarlo Galan is an Italian politician.After having been a Liberal activist in the Seventies and the Eighties, he was not active in politics until he joined Forza Italia since its foundation in 1994. In the same year he was elected to the Italian Chamber of Deputies.In 1995 he ran successfully...

 to know what they are going to do on possible new attacks in the future headquarters of Italian Federated Farmers
and on the issue of GMOs.

In the Italian Radicals parliamentary questions there are refers threats to person and property that Giorgio Fidenato and Italian Federated Farmers received by environmentalists, anti-globalization and communist movements.

Parliamentary questions mentions also that the Italian government still does not recognize to Giorgio Fidenato, the Italian Federated Farmers, the Movimento Libertario and Futuragra the right to sown GMO maize, as determined by decision of the Italian Council of State
Italian Council of State
The Consiglio di Stato is a legal-administrative consultative body and ensures the legality of public administration in Italy. The council has jurisdiction on acts of all administrative authorities, except when these authorities lack discretionary power, in which case the dispute is considered to...

 and European Community Directive.

The role in the Movimento Libertario

Giorgio Fidenato with Leonardo Facco and Marcello Mazzilli have founded officially the Movimento Libertariohttp://www.movimentolibertario.it as an Italian libertarian anarcho-capitalist political subject in September 2007, to defend life, liberty and property of each individual within a strong liberist
Liberism
Liberism is a term for the economic doctrine of laissez-faire capitalism first used in English by the Italian-American political scientist Giovanni Sartori....

 system of free market
Free market
A free market is a competitive market where prices are determined by supply and demand. However, the term is also commonly used for markets in which economic intervention and regulation by the state is limited to tax collection, and enforcement of private ownership and contracts...

, against any kind of aggression and/or coercion.

Actually he is a coordinator of the Association.

Against the withholding tax

In January 2009, Fidenato began paying his six employees the entire gross sum of their wage without paying taxes and contributions on their behalf.

The taxes, if the workers want to pay them, will have to paid by the worker directly.

Fidenato believe that the Italian Constitution in the articles 23 prevents anyone from being forced to work for free for the State, and to paying the taxes on behalf of others is a burden:
"We believe that to not work for free for the state is a "natural" right, that no sovereign and no absolute majority in parliament can deny us" said Fidenato.

Denouncing himself, at the Tax Office of the Italian Ministry of Economy and Finance and to the National Institute of Social Security (INPS), Fidenato began a legal battle against the withholding tax with a mix of civil disobedience
Civil disobedience
Civil disobedience is the active, professed refusal to obey certain laws, demands, and commands of a government, or of an occupying international power. Civil disobedience is commonly, though not always, defined as being nonviolent resistance. It is one form of civil resistance...

 and Tax resistance
Tax resistance
Tax resistance is the refusal to pay tax because of opposition to the government that is imposing the tax or to government policy.Tax resistance is a form of civil disobedience and direct action...

.

His case is very similar to the American case of Vivien Kellems
Vivien Kellems
Vivien Kellems, was a Connecticut industrialist and tax resister who fought the U.S. federal government for over 25 years over withholding under , and other aspects of income tax in the United States...

 of 1948, that she has described herself in her book Toil, Taxes and Trouble.

The Kellems case is presented also by Murray Newton Rothbard in his book For a New Liberty
For a New Liberty
For a New Liberty: The Libertarian Manifesto is a book by American economist and historian Murray N. Rothbard, first published in 1973, that helped launch the modern libertarian movement in the United States, and was the first modern free market anarchist manifesto For a New Liberty: The...

:

The Fidenato case has been reported in Italian newspapers including Corriere della Sera
Corriere della Sera
The Corriere della Sera is an Italian daily newspaper, published in Milan.It is among the oldest and most reputable Italian newspapers. Its main rivals are Rome's La Repubblica and Turin's La Stampa.- History :...

, Il Giornale
Il Giornale
il Giornale is an Italian daily newspaper published in Milan, Italy.-History:The newspaper was planned in 1972 by the journalist Indro Montanelli, together with the colleague Enzo Bettiza, after some disagreements with the new pro-left editorial line adopted by the newspaper Corriere della Sera,...

and radio broadcasts of national importance including Radio 24
Radio24 (Italy)
Radio24 is an Italian national all-news radio station, owned by the newspaper Il Sole 24 Ore. It was founded on 4 October 1999....

and Radio Radicale
Radio Radicale
Radio Radicale is the official radio station of Partito Radicale in Italy.It was founded in the seventies, along with the "Radio libere"....

.

Supported by the Movimento Libertario and applauded by the former Italian Minister of Defense, the economist and liberist politician, Antonio Martino
Antonio Martino
Antonio Martino is an Italian politician, who has been Minister of Foreign Affairs in 1994 and Italian Minister of Defense from 2001 to 2006. He is a founding member of Forza Italia, holding party card no. 2.-Career:...

, he has received support also by the Italian Radicals
Italian Radicals
Italian Radicals is an Italian political party which describes itself as a liberale, liberista e libertario political movement .It was...

 of Marco Pannella
Marco Pannella
Giacinto Pannella, better known as Marco Pannella is an Italian politician.He is the historic leader of the Italian Radicals...

 and others association in the battle over the withholding tax.

Fidenato, as representative of the Movimento Libertario, was invited to discuss his case at the national conference of the Italian Radicals in Chianciano Terme
Chianciano Terme
Chianciano Terme is a comune in the Province of Siena in the Italian region Tuscany, located about 90 km southeast of Florence and about 50 km southeast of Siena...

 (in Province of Siena
Siena
Siena is a city in Tuscany, Italy. It is the capital of the province of Siena.The historic centre of Siena has been declared by UNESCO a World Heritage Site. It is one of the nation's most visited tourist attractions, with over 163,000 international arrivals in 2008...

) in November 2009.

A first interim hearing on withholding tax was held in Pordenone on November 19, 2009.

On 28 January 2010, the second and decisive hearing was held in the Labor Court of Pordenone.

On 6 March 2010, Giorgio Fidenato was invited together the Movimento Libertario to discuss about withholding tax at the presentation in Rome
Rome
Rome is the capital of Italy and the country's largest and most populated city and comune, with over 2.7 million residents in . The city is located in the central-western portion of the Italian Peninsula, on the Tiber River within the Lazio region of Italy.Rome's history spans two and a half...

 of Confcontribuenti (Confederation of Italian taxpayers).

In this context, he received supports from Confcontribuenti members for the day of the verdict of the court.

On 1 April 2010, the Movimento Libertario organized in Pordenone a peaceful sit-in with others associations and organizations that supports Giorgio Fidenato's battle.

Leonardo Facco (Managing Director of the Movimento Libertario) have organized a rally and distributed free copies of the book Civil Disobedience
Civil Disobedience (Thoreau)
Civil Disobedience is an essay by American transcendentalist Henry David Thoreau that was first published in 1849...

by Henry David Thoreau
Henry David Thoreau
Henry David Thoreau was an American author, poet, philosopher, abolitionist, naturalist, tax resister, development critic, surveyor, historian, and leading transcendentalist...

, pending output of Fidenato from the halls of the court with details of the judgment.

The judgment pronounced by the court defined as "irrilevant" the issue of unconstitutionality over the withholding tax presented by Giorgio Fidenato.

Officially the judge did not to decided yet about the legal basis of withholding tax, the reason of the judgment will be pronounced on February 3, 2011.

For the moment the judge declined to exercise an effective assessment on the appeal by Fidenato; actually he do not to recognize to Fidenato the right to appeal to the Italian Constitutional Court to defend the issue of unconstitutionality of the withholding tax (a right recognized by the Constitution and Italian law).

The intentions of Giorgio Fidenato with his lawyer is to continue the legal battle in the future with the tax resistance and the civil disobedience until the judiciary and the government authorities will do not to recognize the individual rights enshrined in the Italian Constitution.

The Movimento Libertario in waiting of the judgement on Giorgio Fidenato, wants to promote other similars cases like the Giorgio Fidenato case for continue the legal battle against the withholding tax.

In view of the second Italian Tea Party in Rome on June 26, 2010, the Italian movement association of T-Party has provided the distribution of forms necessary to ask your employer to receive the gross salary in the pay packet: an act of resistance against the withholding tax considered a tax scam.

With the public distribution of the modules, the Tea Party of Rome wants to support the struggle of Giorgio Fidenato and the Movimento Libertario for the abolition of withholding tax.

Ebook

Un agricoltore contro lo Stato (Bergamo: Leonardo Facco Editore, 2007)

External links

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