Gaston Charlot
Encyclopedia
Gaston Charlot was a French chemist, founder of modern analytical chemistry in France.
Charlot graduated from the École supérieure de physique et de chimie industrielles de la ville de Paris
; he worked on the catalytic oxidation of organic substances in the gas phase. In 1945, he became professor of analytical chemistry at the École supérieure, and also lectured at the faculté des sciences de Paris and at the Institut national des sciences et techniques nucléaires.
Charlot generalized the Bronsted-Lowry theory of acid-base chemistry to complex chemistry. In 1943, he published Théories et méthodes nouvelles d'analyse qualitative (New theories and methods of qualitative analysis), which eliminated traditional methods such as hydrogen sulfide
tests by replacing them with electrochemical or colorimetric tests, complex chemistry, and non-aqueous chemical reactions. After some reluctance from part of the chemistry community, the Charlot method found approval after the first European post-war analytical chemistry congress, held in Utrecht
in 1948.
Gaston Charlot was the author of many reference works in analytical chemistry, including his Cours de chimie analytique générale and Les réactions chimiques en solution aqueuse. He was elected member of the French Academy of Science in 1970 and knight of the Légion d'honneur
.
Charlot graduated from the École supérieure de physique et de chimie industrielles de la ville de Paris
École Supérieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris
The école supérieure de physique et de chimie industrielles de la ville de Paris or ESPCI ParisTech is a chemistry and physics engineering college run by the city of Paris, France and a member of ParisTech...
; he worked on the catalytic oxidation of organic substances in the gas phase. In 1945, he became professor of analytical chemistry at the École supérieure, and also lectured at the faculté des sciences de Paris and at the Institut national des sciences et techniques nucléaires.
Charlot generalized the Bronsted-Lowry theory of acid-base chemistry to complex chemistry. In 1943, he published Théories et méthodes nouvelles d'analyse qualitative (New theories and methods of qualitative analysis), which eliminated traditional methods such as hydrogen sulfide
Hydrogen sulfide
Hydrogen sulfide is the chemical compound with the formula . It is a colorless, very poisonous, flammable gas with the characteristic foul odor of expired eggs perceptible at concentrations as low as 0.00047 parts per million...
tests by replacing them with electrochemical or colorimetric tests, complex chemistry, and non-aqueous chemical reactions. After some reluctance from part of the chemistry community, the Charlot method found approval after the first European post-war analytical chemistry congress, held in Utrecht
Utrecht (city)
Utrecht city and municipality is the capital and most populous city of the Dutch province of Utrecht. It is located in the eastern corner of the Randstad conurbation, and is the fourth largest city of the Netherlands with a population of 312,634 on 1 Jan 2011.Utrecht's ancient city centre features...
in 1948.
Gaston Charlot was the author of many reference works in analytical chemistry, including his Cours de chimie analytique générale and Les réactions chimiques en solution aqueuse. He was elected member of the French Academy of Science in 1970 and knight of the Légion d'honneur
Légion d'honneur
The Legion of Honour, or in full the National Order of the Legion of Honour is a French order established by Napoleon Bonaparte, First Consul of the Consulat which succeeded to the First Republic, on 19 May 1802...
.