GLV and BCV, better known collectively as Southern Cross Ten Victoria

Southern Cross Ten

Southern Cross Ten is an Australian television channel broadcast by the Macquarie Media Group in Queensland, New South Wales, the Australian Capital Territory, Victoria and South Australia. The channel is owned by the Macquarie Media Group as is affiliated to Network Ten...

, are television stations in regional Victoria

Victoria (Australia)

Victoria is the second most populous state in Australia. Geographically the smallest mainland state, Victoria is bordered by New South Wales, South Australia, and Tasmania on Boundary Islet to the north, west and south respectively....

, Australia

Australia

Australia , officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country in the Southern Hemisphere comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous smaller islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It is the world's sixth-largest country by total area...

.

Early years

GLV-10 in Traralgon was the first regional television station to launch in Australia, on 9 December 1961, originally covering the Gippsland

Gippsland

Gippsland is a large rural region in Victoria, Australia. It begins immediately east of the suburbs of Melbourne and stretches to the New South Wales border, lying between the Great Dividing Range to the north and Bass Strait to the south...

 and Latrobe Valley

Latrobe Valley

The Latrobe Valley is an inland geographical region and urban area of Gippsland in the state of Victoria, Australia. It is east of the City Of Melbourne and nestled between the Strzelecki Ranges to the south and the Great Dividing Range to the north – with the highest peak to the north of the...

 areas. It was also the first station to use entirely Australian-made broadcasting equipment from Amalgamated Wireless Australasia. The original transmission equipment consisted of a 10 kW and 2 kW transmitter (standby) which was based on the RCA product and adapted to 230V 50 Hz by AWA. The Melbourne pickup was a Rhode and Schwarz off air receiver with AWA return microwave links to the Studio. BCV-8 followed two weeks later on 23 December 1961 (the same day as the launch of GMV-6 Shepparton

Shepparton, Victoria

Shepparton is a city located on the floodplain of the Goulburn River in the north east of Victoria, Australia approximately north-east of Melbourne. It is the fifth largest city in Victoria, Australia. The estimated population of Shepparton's statistical area is 48,926.It began as a sheep station...

), serving Bendigo

Bendigo, Victoria

Bendigo is a major regional city in the state of Victoria, Australia, located very close to the geographical centre of the state and approximately north west of the state capital Melbourne. It is the second largest inland city and fourth most populous city in the state. The estimated urban...

 and central Victoria.

Affiliations

GLV pioneered the use of live, 'off-air' relays of television programs from stations in Melbourne

Melbourne

Melbourne is the capital and most populous city in the state of Victoria, and the second most populous city in Australia. The Melbourne City Centre is the hub of the greater metropolitan area and the Census statistical division—of which "Melbourne" is the common name. As of June 2009, the greater...

, including GTV-9

GTV-9

GTV is a commercial television station in Melbourne, Australia owned by the Nine Network. The station is currently based at a new high-tech, purpose-built studios at 717 Bourke Street, Docklands.-History:...

's hugely-popular In Melbourne Tonight

In Melbourne Tonight

In Melbourne Tonight, also known as "IMT", was a highly popular nightly variety television show produced at GTV-9 Melbourne from 6 May 1957 to 1970....

. Since the station had no video recording equipment, engineers were forced to rely on picking up the original signal at the transmitter site to relay back to the studio. As the sole commercial television station in the region, GLV's program lineup included local output such as news and children's programs, combined with programs selected from Melbourne's commercial stations - the Seven Network

Seven Network

The Seven Network is an Australian television network owned by Seven West Media Limited. It dates back to 4 November 1956, when the first stations on the VHF7 frequency were established in Melbourne and Sydney.It is currently the second largest network in the country in terms of population reach...

 (HSV-7

HSV-7

HSV is a television station in Melbourne. It is part of the Seven Network, one of the three main commercial television networks in Australia, and its first and oldest station, having been launched in time for the 1956 Summer Olympic Games in Melbourne....

), Nine Network

Nine Network

The Nine Network , is an Australian television network with headquarters based in Willoughby, a suburb located on the North Shore of Sydney. For 50 years since television's inception in Australia, between 1956 and 2006, it was the most watched television network in Australia...

 (GTV-9) and from 1964, Network Ten

Network Ten

Network Ten , is one of Australia's three major commercial television networks. Owned-and-operated stations can be found in Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane, Adelaide and Perth, while affiliates extend the network to cover most of the country...

 (ATV-0, later ATV-10).

An affiliation was formed between the two stations and STV-8 Mildura

Mildura, Victoria

Mildura is a regional city in northwestern Victoria, Australia and seat of the Rural City of Mildura local government area. It is located in the Sunraysia region, and is on the banks of the Murray River. The current population is estimated at just over 30,000.Mildura is a major agricultural centre...

 in the 1970s. A common name, logo, and programming schedule followed in 1982, with the establishment of the TV8 network between the three stations, changed to the Southern Cross Network seven years later. STV-8 was split from the network in 1990 when the station joined the then-VIC Television network.

From GLV-10 to GLV-8

In January 1980, GLV-10 changed frequency from VHF channel 10 to 8, becoming GLV-8 to allow neighbouring Melbourne

Melbourne

Melbourne is the capital and most populous city in the state of Victoria, and the second most populous city in Australia. The Melbourne City Centre is the hub of the greater metropolitan area and the Census statistical division—of which "Melbourne" is the common name. As of June 2009, the greater...

 television station ATV-0

ATV-10

ATV is a television station in Melbourne, Australia, part of Network Ten - one of the three major Australian commercial television networks.-History:...

 to move to the channel 10 frequency.

Aggregation

When aggregation in regional Victoria took place between 1992 and 1993, the Southern Cross Network expanded to Shepparton, Ballarat and Albury

Albury, New South Wales

Albury is a major regional city in New South Wales, Australia, located on the Hume Highway on the northern side of the Murray River. It is located wholly within the boundaries of the City of Albury Local Government Area...

 as an affiliate of Network Ten

Network Ten

Network Ten , is one of Australia's three major commercial television networks. Owned-and-operated stations can be found in Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane, Adelaide and Perth, while affiliates extend the network to cover most of the country...

. By September 1993, the network had changed its name and logo to SCN, and then again in May 1994 to Ten Victoria. This latest change coincided with the axing of the station's local news service, replaced by ATV-10's Eyewitness News.

21st century developments

In 2000, GLV-8 moved again to UHF

Ultra high frequency

Ultra-High Frequency designates the ITU Radio frequency range of electromagnetic waves between 300 MHz and 3 GHz , also known as the decimetre band or decimetre wave as the wavelengths range from one to ten decimetres...

 channel 37, in order to allow another Melbourne

Melbourne

Melbourne is the capital and most populous city in the state of Victoria, and the second most populous city in Australia. The Melbourne City Centre is the hub of the greater metropolitan area and the Census statistical division—of which "Melbourne" is the common name. As of June 2009, the greater...

 station, this time GTV-9

GTV-9

GTV is a commercial television station in Melbourne, Australia owned by the Nine Network. The station is currently based at a new high-tech, purpose-built studios at 717 Bourke Street, Docklands.-History:...

 to commence digital television transmissions without interference. The two stations' playout and management operations were moved from Bendigo to Canberra

Canberra

Canberra is the capital city of Australia. With a population of over 345,000, it is Australia's largest inland city and the eighth-largest city overall. The city is located at the northern end of the Australian Capital Territory , south-west of Sydney, and north-east of Melbourne...

 in September 2005.

News and Current Affairs

From their inception, regional stations GLV and BCV provided local news bulletins within their respective markets. This was usually supplemented by a relay of one of the Melbourne-based bulletins.

During the 1980s, GLV/BCV branded their evening news block as Newshour, comprising half an hour of locally-based news and half an hour of news from Melbourne channel HSV-7

HSV-7

HSV is a television station in Melbourne. It is part of the Seven Network, one of the three main commercial television networks in Australia, and its first and oldest station, having been launched in time for the 1956 Summer Olympic Games in Melbourne....

. In April 1987, the Melbourne-based news became sourced from GTV-9

GTV-9

GTV is a commercial television station in Melbourne, Australia owned by the Nine Network. The station is currently based at a new high-tech, purpose-built studios at 717 Bourke Street, Docklands.-History:...

 as HSV-7 had changed its news format to a one-hour bulletin.

In 1986, Newshour won a Logie award

Logie Awards of 1986

The 28th Annual TV Week Logie Awards were presented on Friday 18 April 1986 at the State Theatre in Sydney, and broadcast on the Nine Network...

 for Most Outstanding Contribution by a Regional Television Station.

In 1991, GLV/BCV changed its Melbourne-based news relay to Ten Eyewitness News from ATV-10

ATV-10

ATV is a television station in Melbourne, Australia, part of Network Ten - one of the three major Australian commercial television networks.-History:...

, in the lead-up to the aggregation of regional markets which would see GLV/BCV align with the Ten Network

Network Ten

Network Ten , is one of Australia's three major commercial television networks. Owned-and-operated stations can be found in Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane, Adelaide and Perth, while affiliates extend the network to cover most of the country...

 for program material.

In January 1992, following aggregation, GLV/BCV maintained its local half-hour news in its traditional markets of Gippsland and Bendigo. (Alternative general entertainment programming was broadcast in this timeslot in the newer markets of Shepparton, Ballarat and Albury) This bulletin was supplemented by a half-hour edition of Southern Cross Eyewitness News, anchored by Rob Gaylard and broadcast across the expanded market covered by GLV/BCV, presenting 'national' news of relevance to the broader market.

Southern Cross Eyewitness News was soon disbanded, instead having the Gippsland and Bendigo local news services at 6.00pm supplemented by the Melbourne-based Ten Eyewitness News, from ATV-10, which aired weeknights at 5.00pm.

In September 1993, Southern Cross Network became SCN. The news programming block was changed again. Relay of the Melbourne-based Ten Eyewitness News was dropped, with the Bendigo edition of local news - SCN Local News - expanded to cover the local markets of Shepparton and Ballarat. The Gippsland-based edition of SCN Local News continued to cover that local region only. At 6.30pm, GLV/BCV re-instated the statewide Eyewitness News half-hour bulletin for broadcast across the Gippsland, Bendigo, Shepparton and Ballarat markets. The Albury/Upper Murray local market instead received a delayed broadcast of the Sydney-based Ten Eyewitness News bulletin in the 6.00pm hour as an alternative to Melbourne-based bulletins being broadcast on rival channels VIC TV

VTV (TV station)

VTV is an Australian television station broadcasting in regional Victoria in Australia. The network was owned by ENT Ltd., before being purchased by the WIN Corporation.-Network history:...

 and Prime Television.

In May 1994, SCN was re-branded Ten Victoria. The local news bulletins of GLV/BCV were axed, as was the statewide SCN Eyewitness News. News coverage was now a straight relay of the Melbourne edition of Ten News from ATV-10

ATV-10

ATV is a television station in Melbourne, Australia, part of Network Ten - one of the three major Australian commercial television networks.-History:...

 with no local or state-based news bulletins.

Local news was reintroduced to the station in 2004 in the form of three-minute updates at various times of the day, presented by Julie Snook(Bendigo, Ballarat, Albury and Gippsland)
In Shepparton and the Golburn Valley, viewers also receive a regional news magazine program called Weeknights at 6:30pm on weekdays. The locally-produced program, launched on Monday 21 March 2011, is presented by Joel Crean with reporters Peter Cardamone, Emily Whitham and regular contributors Donnellan & Jordan Peters. Viewers in the rest of the region receive a simulcast of 6.30 with George Negus

6.30 with George Negus

6.30 with George Negus is an Australian television current affairs program broadcast on Network Ten. It airs at 6:30pm from Monday to Friday and is presented by George Negus and Hugh Riminton or Hamish Macdonald from the TEN studios in Pyrmont, Sydney.It premiered at 6pm on 24 January 2011...

at 6:30pm on weeknights.

Main Transmitters

The following transmitters use the GLV call sign:

Region served	City	Channels Channel (broadcasting) In broadcasting, a channel is a range of frequencies assigned by a government for the operation of a particular radio station, television station or television channel. In common usage, the term also may be used to refer to the station operating on a particular frequency.-See also:*Broadcast... (Analog Analog television Analog television is the analog transmission that involves the broadcasting of encoded analog audio and analog video signal: one in which the message conveyed by the broadcast signal is a function of deliberate variations in the amplitude and/or frequency of the signal... / Digital Digital terrestrial television Digital terrestrial television is the technological evolution of broadcast television and advance from analog television, which broadcasts land-based signals... )	First air date	ERP Effective radiated power In radio telecommunications, effective radiated power or equivalent radiated power is a standardized theoretical measurement of radio frequency energy using the SI unit watts, and is determined by subtracting system losses and adding system gains... (Analog/ Digital)	HAAT Height above average terrain Height above average terrain is used extensively in FM radio and television, as it is actually much more important than effective radiated power in determining the range of broadcasts... (Analog/ Digital)1	Transmitter Coordinates	Transmitter Location
Goulburn Valley Goulburn Valley The Goulburn Valley is a region of Victoria, Australia. The region consists of those areas in the catchment of the Goulburn River and other nearby streams, and is part of the Murray-Darling Basin. The Goulburn Valley is bordered on the south by the Great Dividing Range and to the north by the...	Shepparton Shepparton, Victoria Shepparton is a city located on the floodplain of the Goulburn River in the north east of Victoria, Australia approximately north-east of Melbourne. It is the fifth largest city in Victoria, Australia. The estimated population of Shepparton's statistical area is 48,926.It began as a sheep station...	46 (UHF Ultra high frequency Ultra-High Frequency designates the ITU Radio frequency range of electromagnetic waves between 300 MHz and 3 GHz , also known as the decimetre band or decimetre wave as the wavelengths range from one to ten decimetres... )5 42 (UHF Ultra high frequency Ultra-High Frequency designates the ITU Radio frequency range of electromagnetic waves between 300 MHz and 3 GHz , also known as the decimetre band or decimetre wave as the wavelengths range from one to ten decimetres... )	1 January 1992	1200 kW 300 kW	377 m 378 m	36°21′29"S 145°41′42"E	Mount Major
Latrobe Valley Latrobe Valley The Latrobe Valley is an inland geographical region and urban area of Gippsland in the state of Victoria, Australia. It is east of the City Of Melbourne and nestled between the Strzelecki Ranges to the south and the Great Dividing Range to the north – with the highest peak to the north of the...	Traralgon Traralgon, Victoria Traralgon is a regional city located in the Latrobe Valley in the Gippsland region of Victoria, Australia. Traralgon is a city within the City of Latrobe....	37 (UHF Ultra high frequency Ultra-High Frequency designates the ITU Radio frequency range of electromagnetic waves between 300 MHz and 3 GHz , also known as the decimetre band or decimetre wave as the wavelengths range from one to ten decimetres... )2 5 39 (UHF Ultra high frequency Ultra-High Frequency designates the ITU Radio frequency range of electromagnetic waves between 300 MHz and 3 GHz , also known as the decimetre band or decimetre wave as the wavelengths range from one to ten decimetres... )	9 December 1961	1000 kW 400 kW	507 m 487 m	38°23′37"S 146°33′34"E	Mount Tassie
Upper Murray	Albury Albury, New South Wales Albury is a major regional city in New South Wales, Australia, located on the Hume Highway on the northern side of the Murray River. It is located wholly within the boundaries of the City of Albury Local Government Area...	39 (UHF Ultra high frequency Ultra-High Frequency designates the ITU Radio frequency range of electromagnetic waves between 300 MHz and 3 GHz , also known as the decimetre band or decimetre wave as the wavelengths range from one to ten decimetres... )5 8 (VHF Very high frequency Very high frequency is the radio frequency range from 30 MHz to 300 MHz. Frequencies immediately below VHF are denoted High frequency , and the next higher frequencies are known as Ultra high frequency... )	1 January 1992	1200 kW 60 kW	533 m 525 m	36°15′13"S 146°51′20"E	Mount Baranduda

The following transmitters use the BCV call sign:

Region served	City	Channels Channel (broadcasting) In broadcasting, a channel is a range of frequencies assigned by a government for the operation of a particular radio station, television station or television channel. In common usage, the term also may be used to refer to the station operating on a particular frequency.-See also:*Broadcast... (Analog Analog television Analog television is the analog transmission that involves the broadcasting of encoded analog audio and analog video signal: one in which the message conveyed by the broadcast signal is a function of deliberate variations in the amplitude and/or frequency of the signal... / Digital Digital terrestrial television Digital terrestrial television is the technological evolution of broadcast television and advance from analog television, which broadcasts land-based signals... )	First air date	ERP Effective radiated power In radio telecommunications, effective radiated power or equivalent radiated power is a standardized theoretical measurement of radio frequency energy using the SI unit watts, and is determined by subtracting system losses and adding system gains... (Analog/ Digital)	HAAT Height above average terrain Height above average terrain is used extensively in FM radio and television, as it is actually much more important than effective radiated power in determining the range of broadcasts... (Analog/ Digital)1	Transmitter Coordinates	Transmitter Location
Ballarat Ballarat, Victoria Ballarat is a city in the state of Victoria, Australia, approximately west-north-west of the state capital Melbourne situated on the lower plains of the Great Dividing Range and the Yarrowee River catchment. It is the largest inland centre and third most populous city in the state and the fifth...	Ballarat Ballarat, Victoria Ballarat is a city in the state of Victoria, Australia, approximately west-north-west of the state capital Melbourne situated on the lower plains of the Great Dividing Range and the Yarrowee River catchment. It is the largest inland centre and third most populous city in the state and the fifth...	39 (UHF Ultra high frequency Ultra-High Frequency designates the ITU Radio frequency range of electromagnetic waves between 300 MHz and 3 GHz , also known as the decimetre band or decimetre wave as the wavelengths range from one to ten decimetres... )5 40 (UHF Ultra high frequency Ultra-High Frequency designates the ITU Radio frequency range of electromagnetic waves between 300 MHz and 3 GHz , also known as the decimetre band or decimetre wave as the wavelengths range from one to ten decimetres... )	1 January 1992	2000 kW 500 kW	663 m 713 m	37°16′57"S 143°14′52"E	Lookout Hill
Bendigo Bendigo, Victoria Bendigo is a major regional city in the state of Victoria, Australia, located very close to the geographical centre of the state and approximately north west of the state capital Melbourne. It is the second largest inland city and fourth most populous city in the state. The estimated urban...	Bendigo Bendigo, Victoria Bendigo is a major regional city in the state of Victoria, Australia, located very close to the geographical centre of the state and approximately north west of the state capital Melbourne. It is the second largest inland city and fourth most populous city in the state. The estimated urban...	8 (VHF Very high frequency Very high frequency is the radio frequency range from 30 MHz to 300 MHz. Frequencies immediately below VHF are denoted High frequency , and the next higher frequencies are known as Ultra high frequency... )3 5 51 (UHF Ultra high frequency Ultra-High Frequency designates the ITU Radio frequency range of electromagnetic waves between 300 MHz and 3 GHz , also known as the decimetre band or decimetre wave as the wavelengths range from one to ten decimetres... )	23 December 1961	240 kW 1000 kW	444 m 496 m	36°59′26"S 144°18′32"E	Mount Alexander Mount Alexander Mount Alexander is a mountain that is located approximately 125 km north-west of Melbourne, near the small town of Harcourt. It rises 350 metres above the surrounding area to a level of 744 metres above sea level...
Murray Valley Murray valley Murray valley may refer to:* the Murray River valley* the electoral district of Murray ValleySee also Murray Valley Highway....	Swan Hill Swan Hill, Victoria Swan Hill is a city in the northwest of Victoria, Australia. It is located on the Murray Valley Highway, on the south bank of the Murray River, downstream from the junction of the Loddon River. At the 2006 census, Swan Hill had a population of 9,684.-History:...	10 (VHF Very high frequency Very high frequency is the radio frequency range from 30 MHz to 300 MHz. Frequencies immediately below VHF are denoted High frequency , and the next higher frequencies are known as Ultra high frequency... )4 5 65 (UHF Ultra high frequency Ultra-High Frequency designates the ITU Radio frequency range of electromagnetic waves between 300 MHz and 3 GHz , also known as the decimetre band or decimetre wave as the wavelengths range from one to ten decimetres... )	12 May 1967	150 kW 375 kW	179 m 201 m	35°28′24"S 143°27′20"E	Goschen Goschen, Victoria See also Viscount GoschenGoschen is a locality in Victoria, Australia, located approximately 20 km from Swan Hill, Victoria.Goschen Post Office opened on 6 November 1901 and closed in 1942....
Western Victoria		31 (UHF Ultra high frequency Ultra-High Frequency designates the ITU Radio frequency range of electromagnetic waves between 300 MHz and 3 GHz , also known as the decimetre band or decimetre wave as the wavelengths range from one to ten decimetres... )5 9A (VHF Very high frequency Very high frequency is the radio frequency range from 30 MHz to 300 MHz. Frequencies immediately below VHF are denoted High frequency , and the next higher frequencies are known as Ultra high frequency... )	1 January 1992	200 kW 15 kW	335 m 365 m	37°27′32"S 141°54′58"E (analog) 37°27′32"S 141°54′57"E (digital)	Mount Dundas

Notes:

• 1. HAAT
  Height above average terrain
  Height above average terrain is used extensively in FM radio and television, as it is actually much more important than effective radiated power in determining the range of broadcasts...
  
   estimated from http://www.itu.int/SRTM3/ using EHAAT.
• 2. The Latrobe Valley station was on VHF channel 10 from its 1961 sign-on until 1980, moving to VHF channel 8 in order to accommodate ATV Melbourne's switch from VHF channel 0 to channel 10. It moved to its current channel in 2000 in order to accommodate digital television in Melbourne.
• 3. The Bendigo station also broadcasts on analog (UHF
  Ultra high frequency
  Ultra-High Frequency designates the ITU Radio frequency range of electromagnetic waves between 300 MHz and 3 GHz , also known as the decimetre band or decimetre wave as the wavelengths range from one to ten decimetres...
  
  ) channel 38 with 1200 kW ERP at 508 m HAAT.
• 4. Swan Hill translator initially broadcast on VHF channel 11 from sign-on in 1967 until early 1990s when it changed to VHF channel 10.
• 5. Analogue transmissions ceased as of 5 May 2011 as part of the conversion to digital television.

See also

• Regional television in Australia
  Regional television in Australia
  Regional television is a term given to local television services in areas outside of the five main Australian cities .-1960s:...
  
  
• Southern Cross Ten
  Southern Cross Ten
  Southern Cross Ten is an Australian television channel broadcast by the Macquarie Media Group in Queensland, New South Wales, the Australian Capital Territory, Victoria and South Australia. The channel is owned by the Macquarie Media Group as is affiliated to Network Ten...
  
  

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