Full screen effect
Encyclopedia
A full screen effect is a graphics technique that is applied to the entire screen, usually in postprocessing stage. These effects are often used in real-time applications such as: Video games, computer games, console game
s, or demoscene demos
.
Examples of full screen effects are:
Console game
A console game is a form of interactive multimedia used for entertainment. The game consists of manipulable images generated by a video game console, and displayed on a television or similar audio-video system. The game itself is usually controlled and manipulated using a handheld device connected...
s, or demoscene demos
Demo (computer programming)
A demo is a non-interactive multimedia presentation made within the computer subculture known as the demoscene. Demogroups create demos to demonstrate their abilities in programming, music, drawing, and 3D modeling...
.
Examples of full screen effects are:
- Depth blur (aka Depth of fieldDepth of fieldIn optics, particularly as it relates to film and photography, depth of field is the distance between the nearest and farthest objects in a scene that appear acceptably sharp in an image...
, Focus Blur, Lens blur): Recreates an effect caused by the optics of a lens. Images formed through a lens are in correct focus only when the subject is directly at a certain distance (the focal plane). Objects nearer or farther blur. Often recreated in games by blurring the frame buffer to a temporary texture, and drawing over the frame buffer with that blurred version, alpha blending based on the depth of the scene. - Depth fog: Similar to Depth Blur, however a fog color is applied to the temporary texture.
- Motion blurMotion blurMotion blur is the apparent streaking of rapidly moving objects in a still image or a sequence of images such as a movie or animation. It results when the image being recorded changes during the recording of a single frame, either due to rapid movement or long exposure.- Photography :When a camera...
: The previous frame (or an accumulation of previous frames) is blended over the current frame - Motion trail:
- Static blur: The current frame is blurred. Variations include directional blurs, radial blurs, etc.
- Full screen bloom: A copy of the frame is modified such that only bright portions remain. The image is blurred, and then added back over the frame buffer. The result is that bright objects become brighter yet (though not beyond the point of luminance clipping), and bleed the color onto neighboring pixels
- Material bloom: Blooming is performed as described above, except that only portions of the screen are permitted to bloom. This can be done by flagging the stencil buffer when rendering any object permitted to bloom.
- Cross fadeDissolve (filmmaking)In the post-production process of film editing and video editing, a dissolve is a gradual transition from one image to another. The terms fade-out and fade-in and are used to describe a transition to and from a blank image. This is in contrast to a cut where there is no such transition. A dissolve...
: Two scenes are rendered, and the final displayed image is a blend between the two. - Screen distortion: The frame buffer is rendered back upon itself, but distorted. There are many different distortions possible, such as pinching the image towards the center of the screen.
- Heat haze: A blurred and wavy distorted version of the frame buffer is drawn back onto the frame buffer as a texture for objects representing Heat Haze.
- Color filters: The color of the image can be changed. Common examples are: black and whiteBlack-and-whiteBlack-and-white, often abbreviated B/W or B&W, is a term referring to a number of monochrome forms in visual arts.Black-and-white as a description is also something of a misnomer, for in addition to black and white, most of these media included varying shades of gray...
, inverse, sepia, and night visionNight vision gogglesA night vision device is an optical instrument that allows images to be produced in levels of light approaching total darkness. They are most often used by the military and law enforcement agencies, but are available to civilian users...
. - High dynamic range renderingHigh dynamic range renderingIn 3D computer graphics, high dynamic range rendering , also known as high dynamic range lighting, is the rendering of computer graphics scenes by using lighting calculations done in a larger dynamic range. This allows preservation of details that may be lost due to limiting contrast ratios...
and tone mappingTone mappingTone mapping is a technique used in image processing and computer graphics to map one set of colors to another in order to approximate the appearance of high dynamic range images in a medium that has a more limited dynamic range...
: Often combined with blooming and other effects, this allows a scene which has been rendered in high dynamic range to be remapped to a low dynamic range display device.