Enéas Carneiro
Encyclopedia
Enéas Ferreira Carneiro (November 5, 1938 – May 6, 2007) was a Brazil
ian politician. He represented the state of São Paulo
in the National Chamber of Deputies
(the lower house of the National Congress
) and ran for the presidency
three times as a perennial candidate
. He was a founder and leader of the Party of the Reconstruction of the National Order
(PRONA), which is usually seen as being on the extreme right. He preferred being addressed and referred to by his first name, Enéas (the Brazilian Portuguese
cognate of Aeneas
).
, in Brazil's far west. He lost his parents at the age of nine and had to work to support his brothers. In 1958 he left Acre to begin studies in Rio de Janeiro
. After getting graduated in physics and mathematics. In 1959 he became an auxiliary anesthesiologist. In 1965 he received a medical degree from the Rio de Janeiro College of Medicine, with a specialty in cardiology
. His academic pursuits, however, were not confined to medicine, and he has written articles on diverse subjects, including philosophy
, logic
and robotics
. In 1980 he received a medical degree from the Cancer Hospital of Rio de Janeiro.
— drew attention, as did his inflamed and ultranationalistic speech. In what would become his trademark, he finished it with the catchphrase Meu nome é Enéas ("My name is Enéas") — perhaps a gesture of humility or informality, or perhaps a way to save valuable time. The previously unknown politician was placed 12th out of a field of 21 candidates.
He returned in 1994, making use then of 1 minute and 17 seconds. Surprising political experts, he finished ahead of various established politicians, such as the then-governor of Rio de Janeiro
(Leonel Brizola
), the former governor of São Paulo
(Orestes Quércia
), and the then-governor of Santa Catarina
(Esperidião Amin
), with more than 1.5 million votes.
In 1998, Enéas took advantage of 1 minute and 40 seconds of available time to deliver a speech that was more nationalistic than ever. Its ideas, such as the construction of an atomic bomb, nationalization
of Brazil's mineral resources, and increasing the military
budget, sparked controversy.
In 2000 he ran for mayor of the city of São Paulo, with no success, but he still managed to gain votes for the election of his councilman candidate Havanir Nimtz.
In 2002 he ran for a seat as a federal deputy, representing São Paulo, and secured the most-ever votes for that office. His party won enough votes, through the proportionality system, to choose three more deputies.
Enéas also participated actively in elections for mayors and councilmen in 2004, helping to choose councilmen in some major cities, such as Rio and São Paulo, and mayors in small cities.
In 2006 he was elected again as a federal deputy for São Paulo, this time with the third highest vote in the state.
in a hospital
for leukemia
. When it became clear that his treatment was not resulting in improvements, he decided to return home, where he remained until his death. Enéas died at approximately 2 pm, May 6, 2007, in the Laranjeiras
neighborhood of southern Rio de Janeiro. His body was cremated at Carmo Memorial Cemetery in Caju, in the port region of Rio de Janeiro, on May 7. His ashes were spread over the Bay of Guanabara.
Brazil
Brazil , officially the Federative Republic of Brazil , is the largest country in South America. It is the world's fifth largest country, both by geographical area and by population with over 192 million people...
ian politician. He represented the state of São Paulo
São Paulo (state)
São Paulo is a state in Brazil. It is the major industrial and economic powerhouse of the Brazilian economy. Named after Saint Paul, São Paulo has the largest population, industrial complex, and economic production in the country. It is the richest state in Brazil...
in the National Chamber of Deputies
Chamber of Deputies of Brazil
The Chamber of Deputies of Brazil is a federal legislative body and the lower house of the National Congress of Brazil. As of 2006, the chamber comprises 513 deputies, who are elected by proportional representation to serve four-year terms...
(the lower house of the National Congress
National Congress of Brazil
The National Congress of Brazil is the legislative body of Brazil's federal government.Unlike regional legislative bodies – Legislative Assemblies and City Councils -, the Congress is bicameral, composed of the Federal Senate and the Chamber of Deputies .The Senate represents the 26 states and...
) and ran for the presidency
President of Brazil
The president of Brazil is both the head of state and head of government of the Federative Republic of Brazil. The president leads the executive branch of the federal government and is the commander-in-chief of the Brazilian Armed Forces...
three times as a perennial candidate
Perennial candidate
A perennial candidate is one who frequently runs for public office with a record of success that is infrequent, if existent at all. Perennial candidates are often either members of minority political parties or have political opinions that are not mainstream. They may run without any serious hope...
. He was a founder and leader of the Party of the Reconstruction of the National Order
Party of the Reconstruction of the National Order
The Party of the Reconstruction of the National Order was a nationalist political party in Brazil, founded in 1990, merged, in 2006 in Republic Party...
(PRONA), which is usually seen as being on the extreme right. He preferred being addressed and referred to by his first name, Enéas (the Brazilian Portuguese
Brazilian Portuguese
Brazilian Portuguese is a group of Portuguese dialects written and spoken by most of the 190 million inhabitants of Brazil and by a few million Brazilian emigrants, mainly in the United States, United Kingdom, Portugal, Canada, Japan and Paraguay....
cognate of Aeneas
Aeneas
Aeneas , in Greco-Roman mythology, was a Trojan hero, the son of the prince Anchises and the goddess Aphrodite. His father was the second cousin of King Priam of Troy, making Aeneas Priam's second cousin, once removed. The journey of Aeneas from Troy , which led to the founding a hamlet south of...
).
Early life
Enéas was born and raised in AcreAcre (state)
Acre is one of the 27 states of Brazil. It is situated in the southwest of the Northern Region, bordering Amazonas to the north, Rondônia to the east, Bolivia to the southeast and the Ucayali Region of Peru to the south and west. It occupies an area of 152,581.4 km2, being slightly smaller...
, in Brazil's far west. He lost his parents at the age of nine and had to work to support his brothers. In 1958 he left Acre to begin studies in Rio de Janeiro
Rio de Janeiro
Rio de Janeiro , commonly referred to simply as Rio, is the capital city of the State of Rio de Janeiro, the second largest city of Brazil, and the third largest metropolitan area and agglomeration in South America, boasting approximately 6.3 million people within the city proper, making it the 6th...
. After getting graduated in physics and mathematics. In 1959 he became an auxiliary anesthesiologist. In 1965 he received a medical degree from the Rio de Janeiro College of Medicine, with a specialty in cardiology
Cardiology
Cardiology is a medical specialty dealing with disorders of the heart . The field includes diagnosis and treatment of congenital heart defects, coronary artery disease, heart failure, valvular heart disease and electrophysiology...
. His academic pursuits, however, were not confined to medicine, and he has written articles on diverse subjects, including philosophy
Philosophy
Philosophy is the study of general and fundamental problems, such as those connected with existence, knowledge, values, reason, mind, and language. Philosophy is distinguished from other ways of addressing such problems by its critical, generally systematic approach and its reliance on rational...
, logic
Logic
In philosophy, Logic is the formal systematic study of the principles of valid inference and correct reasoning. Logic is used in most intellectual activities, but is studied primarily in the disciplines of philosophy, mathematics, semantics, and computer science...
and robotics
Robotics
Robotics is the branch of technology that deals with the design, construction, operation, structural disposition, manufacture and application of robots...
. In 1980 he received a medical degree from the Cancer Hospital of Rio de Janeiro.
Political career
In 1985 he established PRONA. In 1989 he ran for the presidency in Brazil's first direct elections after the end of military rule. Under the electoral laws, every candidate was given a daily amount of free airtime to set out their agenda. As the amount of airtime was proportional to the candidate's party political size, PRONA only got roughly 15 seconds of airtime. Nevertheless, he made the most of the opportunity. His exotic image — he was a small, bald man with a large beard and thick "coke-bottle" glassesGlasses
Glasses, also known as eyeglasses , spectacles or simply specs , are frames bearing lenses worn in front of the eyes. They are normally used for vision correction or eye protection. Safety glasses are a kind of eye protection against flying debris or against visible and near visible light or...
— drew attention, as did his inflamed and ultranationalistic speech. In what would become his trademark, he finished it with the catchphrase Meu nome é Enéas ("My name is Enéas") — perhaps a gesture of humility or informality, or perhaps a way to save valuable time. The previously unknown politician was placed 12th out of a field of 21 candidates.
He returned in 1994, making use then of 1 minute and 17 seconds. Surprising political experts, he finished ahead of various established politicians, such as the then-governor of Rio de Janeiro
Rio de Janeiro (state)
Rio de Janeiro is one of the 27 states of Brazil.Rio de Janeiro has the second largest economy of Brazil behind only São Paulo state.The state of Rio de Janeiro is located within the Brazilian geopolitical region classified as the Southeast...
(Leonel Brizola
Leonel Brizola
Leonel de Moura Brizola was a Brazilian politician. Launched in politics by Getúlio Vargas, Brizola was the only politician to serve as governor of two different states in the whole history of Brazil. In 1959 he was elected governor of Rio Grande do Sul, and in 1982 and 1990 he was elected...
), the former governor of São Paulo
São Paulo
São Paulo is the largest city in Brazil, the largest city in the southern hemisphere and South America, and the world's seventh largest city by population. The metropolis is anchor to the São Paulo metropolitan area, ranked as the second-most populous metropolitan area in the Americas and among...
(Orestes Quércia
Orestes Quércia
Orestes Quércia was a Brazilian politician. He was the 28th governor of São Paulo State.When young Orestes Quércia moved with his family from Pedregulho to Campinas, where he graduated in journalism...
), and the then-governor of Santa Catarina
Santa Catarina (state)
Santa Catarina is a state in southern Brazil with one of the highest standards of living in Latin America. Its capital is Florianópolis, which mostly lies on the Santa Catarina Island. Neighbouring states are Rio Grande do Sul to the south and Paraná to the north. It is bounded on the east by...
(Esperidião Amin
Esperidião Amin
Esperidião Amin "Tabaco com orelha" is a Brazilian politician born in a family of businessmen and politicians of Lebanese origin. He was twice elected governor of the State of Santa Catarina and twice mayor of the city of Florianopolis, its capital. He was Senator of the Republic between 1991 and...
), with more than 1.5 million votes.
In 1998, Enéas took advantage of 1 minute and 40 seconds of available time to deliver a speech that was more nationalistic than ever. Its ideas, such as the construction of an atomic bomb, nationalization
Nationalization
Nationalisation, also spelled nationalization, is the process of taking an industry or assets into government ownership by a national government or state. Nationalization usually refers to private assets, but may also mean assets owned by lower levels of government, such as municipalities, being...
of Brazil's mineral resources, and increasing the military
Military of Brazil
The Brazilian Armed Forces is the unified military organization comprising the Brazilian Army , the Brazilian Navy and the Brazilian Air Force....
budget, sparked controversy.
In 2000 he ran for mayor of the city of São Paulo, with no success, but he still managed to gain votes for the election of his councilman candidate Havanir Nimtz.
In 2002 he ran for a seat as a federal deputy, representing São Paulo, and secured the most-ever votes for that office. His party won enough votes, through the proportionality system, to choose three more deputies.
Enéas also participated actively in elections for mayors and councilmen in 2004, helping to choose councilmen in some major cities, such as Rio and São Paulo, and mayors in small cities.
In 2006 he was elected again as a federal deputy for São Paulo, this time with the third highest vote in the state.
Praise and Criticism
Many saw Enéas as an exotic politician because of his direct criticism to Brazilians fraudlent politicians behavior. Enéas believed that by acting on TV what he called "the rage of the common citzen" would wake up Brazilian people against corrupt politicians.Death
Enéas underwent chemotherapyChemotherapy
Chemotherapy is the treatment of cancer with an antineoplastic drug or with a combination of such drugs into a standardized treatment regimen....
in a hospital
Hospital
A hospital is a health care institution providing patient treatment by specialized staff and equipment. Hospitals often, but not always, provide for inpatient care or longer-term patient stays....
for leukemia
Leukemia
Leukemia or leukaemia is a type of cancer of the blood or bone marrow characterized by an abnormal increase of immature white blood cells called "blasts". Leukemia is a broad term covering a spectrum of diseases...
. When it became clear that his treatment was not resulting in improvements, he decided to return home, where he remained until his death. Enéas died at approximately 2 pm, May 6, 2007, in the Laranjeiras
Laranjeiras
Laranjeiras is an upper-middle-class neighborhood located in the Zona Sul area of Rio de Janeiro. Primarily residential, It is one of the city's oldest neighborhoods, having been founded in the 17th century, with the construction of country houses in the valley located around the Carioca River,...
neighborhood of southern Rio de Janeiro. His body was cremated at Carmo Memorial Cemetery in Caju, in the port region of Rio de Janeiro, on May 7. His ashes were spread over the Bay of Guanabara.
External links
- Saiba mais sobre a vida de Enéas, in the Chamber of Deputies of BrazilChamber of Deputies of BrazilThe Chamber of Deputies of Brazil is a federal legislative body and the lower house of the National Congress of Brazil. As of 2006, the chamber comprises 513 deputies, who are elected by proportional representation to serve four-year terms...
site (in Portuguese)