Dominique Parrenin
Encyclopedia
Dominique Parrenin was a French Jesuit missionary to China.
, gained him the good-will of the emperor. Father Parrenin utilized this favour in the interest of religion and science.
While satisfying the curiosity of Kangxi, especially about physics, medicine, and the history of Europe, he argued that the scientific culture of the West was due to Christianity
. Obliged to travel with the Emperor, he visited Chinese Christians.
Well liked by important personages at the court and the highest dignitaries of the empire, he led them to look with favour on the spreading of Christianity. In the Lettres édificantes, he has written of the admirable example set by the princes of the Sounou family, whose conversion, begun by Father Suarez, he completed.
Yongzheng (1723–35), son of Kangxi, as Emperor soon made known his aversion for Christianity, and only his consideration for the missionaries at Beijing, principally for Father Parrenin, protected Christianity in China. This emperor respected the missionaries, not for their scientific knowledge, but for their character and virtues. He demanded services of more tangible importance, notably at audiences granted to the ambassadors of Russia and Portugal during the long negotiations, both commercial and political, with the former of the two powers. The Chinese ministers needed the missionaries, not only as conscientious and trusty interpreters, but men capable of informing them on European matters and of inspiring confidence.
Parrenin was assisted by his confrères, Anne-Marie de Mailla and Antoine Gaubil
. The mission at Peking continued to exist among persecutions, and the toleration shown to it helped Christians in the provinces. He was caught up in the rites controversy; but was misrepresented in the "Mémoires historique du Cardinal de Tournon" and the "Anecdotes sue l'Etat de la Religion dans de Chine".
He translated into Manchu for Kangxi several of the works published in the Mémoirs de l'Academie des Sciences at Paris. In 1723 Dortous de Mairan, of the Académie des Sciences, and Fréret, perpetual secretary of the Académie des Inscriptions, sent him their "doubts" about the history, chronology, and astronomy of the Chinese. His answers led to other questions, and this scientific correspondence continued until 1740.
Life
He entered the Jesuit order, 1 September 1685, and in 1697 was sent to China. At Beijing (1698) he attracted the attention of the Emperor Kangxi. His varied knowledge, and familiar use of the court languages, Chinese and ManchuManchu language
Manchu is a Tungusic endangered language spoken in Northeast China; it used to be the language of the Manchu, though now most Manchus speak Mandarin Chinese and there are fewer than 70 native speakers of Manchu out of a total of nearly 10 million ethnic Manchus...
, gained him the good-will of the emperor. Father Parrenin utilized this favour in the interest of religion and science.
While satisfying the curiosity of Kangxi, especially about physics, medicine, and the history of Europe, he argued that the scientific culture of the West was due to Christianity
Christianity
Christianity is a monotheistic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus as presented in canonical gospels and other New Testament writings...
. Obliged to travel with the Emperor, he visited Chinese Christians.
Well liked by important personages at the court and the highest dignitaries of the empire, he led them to look with favour on the spreading of Christianity. In the Lettres édificantes, he has written of the admirable example set by the princes of the Sounou family, whose conversion, begun by Father Suarez, he completed.
Yongzheng (1723–35), son of Kangxi, as Emperor soon made known his aversion for Christianity, and only his consideration for the missionaries at Beijing, principally for Father Parrenin, protected Christianity in China. This emperor respected the missionaries, not for their scientific knowledge, but for their character and virtues. He demanded services of more tangible importance, notably at audiences granted to the ambassadors of Russia and Portugal during the long negotiations, both commercial and political, with the former of the two powers. The Chinese ministers needed the missionaries, not only as conscientious and trusty interpreters, but men capable of informing them on European matters and of inspiring confidence.
Parrenin was assisted by his confrères, Anne-Marie de Mailla and Antoine Gaubil
Antoine Gaubil
Antoine Gaubil was French Jesuit missionary to China.-Life:He entered the Society of Jesus, 13 September 1704, was sent to China, where he arrived 26 June 1722. He then lived in Beijing for the rest of his life...
. The mission at Peking continued to exist among persecutions, and the toleration shown to it helped Christians in the provinces. He was caught up in the rites controversy; but was misrepresented in the "Mémoires historique du Cardinal de Tournon" and the "Anecdotes sue l'Etat de la Religion dans de Chine".
Works
Parrenin was involved in drawing up a major map of China. He aroused in Kangxi a desire to see his entire domain represented by methods more exact than those of the Chinese cartographers. Parrenin had a hand in the preparations of the making of this map in the provinces of Pechili, Shan-tung, and Liao-tung. He also collaborated on a map of Beijing and its environs, which the emperor caused to be made in 1700.He translated into Manchu for Kangxi several of the works published in the Mémoirs de l'Academie des Sciences at Paris. In 1723 Dortous de Mairan, of the Académie des Sciences, and Fréret, perpetual secretary of the Académie des Inscriptions, sent him their "doubts" about the history, chronology, and astronomy of the Chinese. His answers led to other questions, and this scientific correspondence continued until 1740.