De Zwaluw, Hoogeveen
Encyclopedia
De Zwaluw is a smock mill
in Hoogeveen
, Drenthe
, the Netherlands
which is working commercially. It is the third mill to stand on this site as two previous mills both burnt down. It was built in 1834 and is listed as a Rijksmonument
, No. 22254.
A restoration was carried out on the mill in 1947. On 2 September 1956 there was a fire at the mill. Repair work was started in 1960 and completed in September 1961. The condition of the mill deteriorated until it again required repairs. In 1975, the mill was sold to the local authority, Gemeente Hoogeveen. On 28 April 1978 the Gemeente Hoogeveen decided to restore the mill. The restoration was done by millwright
J B Medendorp of Zuidlaren
. The mill was named De Zwaluw in 1983 and a further restoration was undertaken in 1999.
s via lantern pinion stone nuts each having 34 staves. One pair of millstones are French Burr stones of 1.4 metre diameter and the other pair are Cullen stones of 1.5 metre diameter. A third pair of millstones are no longer in use. A fourth pair is driven by an electric motor.
2nd mill
De Zwaluw
Reference for above:-
Smock mill
The smock mill is a type of windmill that consists of a sloping, horizontally weatherboarded tower, usually with six or eight sides. It is topped with a roof or cap that rotates to bring the sails into the wind...
in Hoogeveen
Hoogeveen
Hoogeveen is a municipality and a town in the northeastern Netherlands.- Population centres :Elim, Fluitenberg, Hoogeveen and Noordscheschut, which still have the canals which used to be throughout the town...
, Drenthe
Drenthe
Drenthe is a province of the Netherlands, located in the north-east of the country. The capital city is Assen. It is bordered by Overijssel to the south, Friesland to the west, Groningen to the north, and Germany to the east.-History:Drenthe, unlike many other parts of the Netherlands, has been a...
, the Netherlands
Netherlands
The Netherlands is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, located mainly in North-West Europe and with several islands in the Caribbean. Mainland Netherlands borders the North Sea to the north and west, Belgium to the south, and Germany to the east, and shares maritime borders...
which is working commercially. It is the third mill to stand on this site as two previous mills both burnt down. It was built in 1834 and is listed as a Rijksmonument
Rijksmonument
A rijksmonument is a National Heritage Site of the Netherlands, listed by the agency Rijksdienst voor het Cultureel Erfgoed acting for the Dutch Ministry of Education, Culture and Science.-History and criteria:...
, No. 22254.
History
The first mill on this site was standing c1714. In 1787 it was burnt down. A new mill was built by Roelof Steenbergen. In 1807, the mill passed to Meeuwes Steenbergen and then to Lucas Quirinus Robaard in 1826. In 1833, the mill was burnt down, leaving the brick base standing. A new mill was built on the old base in 1834 for Lucas Quirinus Robaard and Karsjen Meeuwes Steenbergen. In 1836, ownership of the mill passed to Meeuwes Robaard. It remained in his ownership until his death in 1906, passing to Koop Robaard. In 1927, Koop Robaard died and the mill passed to C Thomas. The mill was sold to Jacob Thomas in 1938.A restoration was carried out on the mill in 1947. On 2 September 1956 there was a fire at the mill. Repair work was started in 1960 and completed in September 1961. The condition of the mill deteriorated until it again required repairs. In 1975, the mill was sold to the local authority, Gemeente Hoogeveen. On 28 April 1978 the Gemeente Hoogeveen decided to restore the mill. The restoration was done by millwright
Millwright
A millwright is a craftsman or tradesman engaged with the construction and maintenance of machinery.Early millwrights were specialist carpenters who erected machines used in agriculture, food processing and processing lumber and paper...
J B Medendorp of Zuidlaren
Zuidlaren
Zuidlaren is a village in the province of Drenthe in the Northern Netherlands. Zuidlaren has just over 10,000 inhabitants and is situated on natural heightened land which is called the Hondsrug....
. The mill was named De Zwaluw in 1983 and a further restoration was undertaken in 1999.
Description
De Zwaluw is what the Dutch describe as an "achtkante stellingmolen". It is a smock mill with a brick base and a stage. The stage is located at third storey level, 9.1 metre above ground level. The smock and cap are thatched. The four Common sails, which have a span of 24.6 metre are carried in a cast iron windshaft. This was cast by Fabrikaat Prins van Oranje, Den Haag in 1867. The windshaft also carries the brake wheel which has 63 cogs. The brake wheel drives the wallower (30 cogs) at the top of the upright shaft. At the bottom of the upright shaft, the great spur wheel, which has 105 cogs drives two pairs of millstoneMillstone
Millstones or mill stones are used in windmills and watermills, including tide mills, for grinding wheat or other grains.The type of stone most suitable for making millstones is a siliceous rock called burrstone , an open-textured, porous but tough, fine-grained sandstone, or a silicified,...
s via lantern pinion stone nuts each having 34 staves. One pair of millstones are French Burr stones of 1.4 metre diameter and the other pair are Cullen stones of 1.5 metre diameter. A third pair of millstones are no longer in use. A fourth pair is driven by an electric motor.
Millers
1st mill- Roelof Steenbergen 1716-87
2nd mill
- Roelof Steenbergen 1787-1807
- Meeuwes Steenbergen 1807-26
- Lucas Quirinus Robaard 1826-33
De Zwaluw
- Lucas Quirinus Robaard 1834-35
- Meeuwes Robaard 1835-1906
- Koop Robaard 1906-27
- C Thomas 1927-38
- Jacob Thomas 1938-75, 1980-91
- Bert van Uffelen 1980-83
- H Valkenhoff 1983-2003
- J N J Vondeling 2003 - date.
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