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Data access typically refers to software and activities related to storing, retrieving, or acting on data
DATA

Debt, AIDS, Trade in Africa is a multinational Non-governmental organization founded in January 2002 in London by U2's Bono along with Robert Sargent Shriver III and activists from the Jubilee 2000 Drop the Debt campaign....
 housed in a database
Database

A database is a structured collection of records or data that is stored in a computer system. The structure is achieved by organizing the data according to a database model....
 or other repository.

Historically, different methods
Method (computer science)

In object-oriented programming, a method is a subroutine that is exclusively associated either with a class or with an object . Like a procedure in procedural programming languages, a method usually consists of a sequence of statement to perform an action, a set of input parameter to customize those actions, and possibly an output value...
 and languages were required for every repository, including each different database, file system
File system

In computing, a file system is a method for store and organize computer files and the data they contain to make it easy to find and access them....
, etc., and many of these repositories stored their content in different and incompatible formats.

In more recent days, standardized languages, methods, and formats, have been created to serve as interfaces between the often proprietary, and always idiosyncratic, specific languages and methods.






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Data access typically refers to software and activities related to storing, retrieving, or acting on data
DATA

Debt, AIDS, Trade in Africa is a multinational Non-governmental organization founded in January 2002 in London by U2's Bono along with Robert Sargent Shriver III and activists from the Jubilee 2000 Drop the Debt campaign....
 housed in a database
Database

A database is a structured collection of records or data that is stored in a computer system. The structure is achieved by organizing the data according to a database model....
 or other repository.

Historically, different methods
Method (computer science)

In object-oriented programming, a method is a subroutine that is exclusively associated either with a class or with an object . Like a procedure in procedural programming languages, a method usually consists of a sequence of statement to perform an action, a set of input parameter to customize those actions, and possibly an output value...
 and languages were required for every repository, including each different database, file system
File system

In computing, a file system is a method for store and organize computer files and the data they contain to make it easy to find and access them....
, etc., and many of these repositories stored their content in different and incompatible formats.

In more recent days, standardized languages, methods, and formats, have been created to serve as interfaces between the often proprietary, and always idiosyncratic, specific languages and methods. Such standards include SQL
SQL

SQL is a database computer language designed for the retrieval and management of data in relational database management systems , database schema creation and modification, and database object access control management....
, ODBC, JDBC, ADO.NET
ADO.NET

ADO.NET is a set of computer software components that can be used by programmers to access data and data services. It is a part of the base class library that is included with the .NET Framework....
, XML, XQuery
XQuery

XQuery is a query language that is designed to query collections of XML data. It is semantic similarity to SQL.XQuery 1.0 was developed by the XML Query working group of the W3C....
, XPath
XPath

XPath is a language for selecting nodes from an XML document. In addition, XPath may be used to compute values from the content of an XML document....
, and Web Services.

Some of these standards enable translation of data from unstructured (such as HTML or free-text files) to structured (such as XML or SQL
SQL

SQL is a database computer language designed for the retrieval and management of data in relational database management systems , database schema creation and modification, and database object access control management....
).