Comparison of OpenXPS and PDF
Encyclopedia
This is a comparison of the OpenXPS document file format
with the PDF
file format
. Both file format standards are essentially containers for representing digital content
in a paper-like fashion.
and the manner of their development, as they have different design goals and different groups providing input.
The different goals in the development of OpenXPS and PDF resulted in different principles and design tradeoffs between the file formats.
Document file format
A document file format is a text or binary file format for storing documents on a storage media, especially for use by computers.There currently exist a multitude of incompatible document file formats....
with the PDF
Portable Document Format
Portable Document Format is an open standard for document exchange. This file format, created by Adobe Systems in 1993, is used for representing documents in a manner independent of application software, hardware, and operating systems....
file format
File format
A file format is a particular way that information is encoded for storage in a computer file.Since a disk drive, or indeed any computer storage, can store only bits, the computer must have some way of converting information to 0s and 1s and vice-versa. There are different kinds of formats for...
. Both file format standards are essentially containers for representing digital content
Content (media and publishing)
In media production and publishing, content is information and experiences that may provide value for an end-user/audience in specific contexts. Content may be delivered via any medium such as the internet, television, and audio CDs, as well as live events such as conferences and stage performances...
in a paper-like fashion.
Design aims
The differences between Open XML Paper Specification (OpenXPS) and the Portable Document Format (PDF) can be traced to their heritageVirtual Heritage
Virtual heritage is a term used to describe works dealing with information and communication technologies and cultural heritage. Virtual heritage and cultural heritage have independent meanings: cultural heritage refers to "properties and sites with archaeological, aesthetic and historical value"...
and the manner of their development, as they have different design goals and different groups providing input.
The different goals in the development of OpenXPS and PDF resulted in different principles and design tradeoffs between the file formats.
Comparison
| File format | OpenXPS | |
|---|---|---|
| Based on a format developed by |
Microsoft Microsoft Microsoft Corporation is an American public multinational corporation headquartered in Redmond, Washington, USA that develops, manufactures, licenses, and supports a wide range of products and services predominantly related to computing through its various product divisions... |
Adobe Systems Adobe Systems Adobe Systems Incorporated is an American computer software company founded in 1982 and headquartered in San Jose, California, United States... |
| Standardized by | Ecma International Ecma International Ecma International is an international, private non-profit standards organization for information and communication systems. It acquired its name in 1994, when the European Computer Manufacturers Association changed its name to reflect the organization's global reach and activities... |
ISO International Organization for Standardization The International Organization for Standardization , widely known as ISO, is an international standard-setting body composed of representatives from various national standards organizations. Founded on February 23, 1947, the organization promulgates worldwide proprietary, industrial and commercial... |
| First public release date | 2006 | 1993 |
| Latest stable version | Ecma International Standard ECMA-388 — Open XML Paper Specification — 1st Edition | ISO 32000-1:2008 — Document management — Portable document format — Part 1: PDF 1.7 |
| Latest standardised version | Ecma International Standard ECMA-388 — Open XML Paper Specification — 1st Edition | ISO 32000-1:2008 — Document management — Portable document format — Part 1: PDF 1.7 |
| Language type | Markup language Markup language A markup language is a modern system for annotating a text in a way that is syntactically distinguishable from that text. The idea and terminology evolved from the "marking up" of manuscripts, i.e. the revision instructions by editors, traditionally written with a blue pencil on authors' manuscripts... (XML XML Extensible Markup Language is a set of rules for encoding documents in machine-readable form. It is defined in the XML 1.0 Specification produced by the W3C, and several other related specifications, all gratis open standards.... ) |
PDF is a database of objects, created from PostScript PostScript PostScript is a dynamically typed concatenative programming language created by John Warnock and Charles Geschke in 1982. It is best known for its use as a page description language in the electronic and desktop publishing areas. Adobe PostScript 3 is also the worldwide printing and imaging... and also directly generated from many applications. |
| XML schema representation | XML Schema (W3C) (XSD) and RELAX NG RELAX NG In computing, RELAX NG is a schema language for XML, based on Murata Makoto's RELAX and James Clark's TREX. A RELAX NG schema specifies a pattern for the structure and content of an XML document... (ISO/IEC 19757-2) |
N/A |
| Compression format | ZIP ZIP (file format) Zip is a file format used for data compression and archiving. A zip file contains one or more files that have been compressed, to reduce file size, or stored as is... |
LZW LZW Lempel–Ziv–Welch is a universal lossless data compression algorithm created by Abraham Lempel, Jacob Ziv, and Terry Welch. It was published by Welch in 1984 as an improved implementation of the LZ78 algorithm published by Lempel and Ziv in 1978... for both text and images; JPEG, JPEG 2000 JPEG 2000 JPEG 2000 is an image compression standard and coding system. It was created by the Joint Photographic Experts Group committee in 2000 with the intention of superseding their original discrete cosine transform-based JPEG standard with a newly designed, wavelet-based method... , and RLE Run-length encoding Run-length encoding is a very simple form of data compression in which runs of data are stored as a single data value and count, rather than as the original run... for images only |
| Container structure | Open Packaging Conventions (ISO/IEC 29500-2:2008) | |
| 3D graphic content 3D computer graphics 3D computer graphics are graphics that use a three-dimensional representation of geometric data that is stored in the computer for the purposes of performing calculations and rendering 2D images... |
X3D X3D X3D is the ISO standard XML-based file format for representing 3D computer graphics, the successor to the Virtual Reality Modeling Language . X3D features extensions to VRML X3D is the ISO standard XML-based file format for representing 3D computer graphics, the successor to the Virtual Reality... (ISO/IEC 19775/19776) |
U3D Universal 3D Universal 3D is a compressed file format standard for 3D computer graphics data.The format was defined by a special consortium called 3D Industry Forum that brought together a diverse group of companies and organizations, including Intel, Boeing, HP, Adobe Systems, Bentley Systems, Right... (Standard ECMA-363) |
| Portable / Multiplatform | ||
| Full file content compression | ||
| Fast page by page download from web servers | ||
| Multiple documents in one file | ||
| Document bookmarks and outline | ||
| Reflowable Reflowable document A reflowable document is a type of electronic document that can adapt its presentation to the output device. Typical desktop publishing output formats like PostScript or PDF are page-oriented, so are not generally reflowable , whereas the world wide web standard, HTML is a reflowable format.The... |
page-only with tagged PDF layer | |
| Hyperlinks | ||
| Page thumbnails | ||
| Annotations | ||
| Image transparencies | ||
| Gradient fills | ||
| Alpha channel in color definitions | ||
| Support for multiple transparency blending modes | ||
| Change tracking | ||
| Password protection | ||
| Digital signatures | ||
| JPEG JPEG In computing, JPEG . The degree of compression can be adjusted, allowing a selectable tradeoff between storage size and image quality. JPEG typically achieves 10:1 compression with little perceptible loss in image quality.... (RGB and CMYK) (ISO/IEC 10918-1) |
||
| JPEG 2000 JPEG 2000 JPEG 2000 is an image compression standard and coding system. It was created by the Joint Photographic Experts Group committee in 2000 with the intention of superseding their original discrete cosine transform-based JPEG standard with a newly designed, wavelet-based method... (ISO/IEC 15444-1) |
||
| JBIG2 JBIG2 JBIG2 is an image compression standard for bi-level images, developed by the Joint Bi-level Image Experts Group. It is suitable for both lossless and lossy compression... for grayscale images |
||
| PNG | ||
| TIFF Tagged Image File Format TIFF is a file format for storing images, popular among graphic artists, the publishing industry, and both amateur and professional photographers in general. As of 2009, it is under the control of Adobe Systems... (RGB and CMYK) |
||
| HD Photo / JPEG XR (ISO/IEC 29199-2:2009) | ||
| Gray Grayscale In photography and computing, a grayscale or greyscale digital image is an image in which the value of each pixel is a single sample, that is, it carries only intensity information... support |
||
| RGB support | ||
| CMYK support | ||
| Spot color Spot color In offset printing, a spot color is any color generated by an ink that is printed using a single run.The widely spread offset-printing process is composed of four spot colors: Cyan, Magenta, Yellow, and Key commonly referred to as CMYK... support |
||
| Filename extensions | oxps | |
| Internet media types | application/oxps | application/pdf |
| Standard licensing |
|
|
| File format | OpenXPS |
External links
- ECMA-388 Open XML Paper Specification
- ISO 32000-1:2008 Document management — Portable document format — Part 1: PDF 1.7