Collinder catalog
Encyclopedia
In astronomy
, the Collinder catalog is a catalog of open cluster
s by Swedish astronomer Per Collinder
. It was published in 1931 as an appendix to Collinder's paper On structural properties of open galactic clusters and their spatial distribution. Catalog objects may be denoted as Col + catalog number, or Cr + catalog number, e.g. "Cr 399".
Some notable objects from the catalog are:
There are some errors in Collinder's list or references to it. For example, Cr 32 = Cr 33; Cr 84 is not NGC 2175 as often mentioned (the NGC object is only the nebula) and its reality "is in some doubt"; the position for Cr 185 "is about 1m too far west and 10' too far north"; Cr 220 is not NGC 3247; Cr 234 is the southern part of Cr 233; Cr 240 is not NGC 3572 but includes it; Cr 249 is sometimes identified as being IC 2944 but is only associated with it, the latter being a nebula; the position for Cr 275 is off; Cr 371 is not NGC 6595; Cr 427 is not NGC 7023; Cr 429 is not NGC 7023 either, and actually does not exist; and Cr 470 is not IC 5146.
Astronomy
Astronomy is a natural science that deals with the study of celestial objects and phenomena that originate outside the atmosphere of Earth...
, the Collinder catalog is a catalog of open cluster
Open cluster
An open cluster is a group of up to a few thousand stars that were formed from the same giant molecular cloud and have roughly the same age. More than 1,100 open clusters have been discovered within the Milky Way Galaxy, and many more are thought to exist...
s by Swedish astronomer Per Collinder
Per Collinder
Per Collinder was a Swedish astronomer. He is known for a catalog of open clusters that he published in 1931, which is today known as the Collinder catalog. He has written two books History of navigation and Worlds in orbit.He was married twice, and his first wife gave him four children....
. It was published in 1931 as an appendix to Collinder's paper On structural properties of open galactic clusters and their spatial distribution. Catalog objects may be denoted as Col + catalog number, or Cr + catalog number, e.g. "Cr 399".
Some notable objects from the catalog are:
- Collinder 2
- Collinder 6NGC 188NGC 188 is an open cluster in the constellation Cepheus. It was discovered by John Herschel in 1825.Unlike most open clusters that drift apart after a few million years because of the gravitational interaction of our galaxy, NGC 188 lies far above the plane of the galaxy and is one of the most...
- Collinder 7NGC 225NGC 225 is an open cluster in the constellation Cassiopeia.-References:* http://seds.org/~spider/ngc/ngc.cgi?NGC+225* http://www.univie.ac.at/webda/cgi-bin/ocl_page.cgi?dirname=ngc0225-External links:*...
- Collinder 11
- Collinder 12NGC 457NGC 457 is an open star cluster in the constellation Cassiopeia. It was discovered by Friedrich Wilhelm Herschel in 1787. and lies over 7,900 light years away from the Sun. It has an estimated age of 21 million years...
- Collinder 14Messier 103Messier 103 is an open cluster where a few thousand stars formed in the constellation Cassiopeia. This open cluster was discovered in 1781 by Charles Messier’s friend and collaborator Pierre Méchain. It is one of the most distant open clusters, with distances of 8,000 to 9,500 light years from the...
- Collinder 20NGC 663NGC 663, also known as Caldwell 10, is young open cluster of about 400 stars in the Cassiopeia constellation. It has an estimated 400 stars and spans about a quarter of a degree across the sky. It can reportedly be detected with the unaided eye, although a telescope is recommended for best viewing....
- Collinder 22
- Collinder 23NGC 752NGC 752 is an open cluster in the constellation Andromeda. The cluster was discovered by Caroline Herschel in 1783 and cataloged by her brother William Herschel in 1786, although an object that may have been NGC 752 was described by Giovanni Batista Hodierna before 1654.The large cluster lies...
- Collinder 29
- Collinder 39
- Collinder 42Pleiades (star cluster)In astronomy, the Pleiades, or Seven Sisters , is an open star cluster containing middle-aged hot B-type stars located in the constellation of Taurus. It is among the nearest star clusters to Earth and is the cluster most obvious to the naked eye in the night sky...
(Pleiades) - Collinder 50Hyades (star cluster)The Hyades is the nearest open cluster to the Solar System and one of the best-studied of all star clusters. The Hipparcos satellite, the Hubble Space Telescope, and infrared color-magnitude diagram fitting have been used to establish a distance to the cluster's center of ~153 ly...
(Hyades) - Collinder 81NGC 2158NGC 2158 is an open cluster in the constellation of Gemini. It is located southwest of open cluster Messier 35, and is believed to be just over 1 billion years old.-External links:*...
- Collinder 140Collinder 140Collinder 140 is a nearby open cluster of stars in the constellation Canis Major. Based on the combined parallax measurements of nine cluster members, this cluster has an estimated parallax of , which is equivalent to a distance modulus of , or a distance of . The cluster has a density of 0.21...
- Collinder 154
- Collinder 189Beehive ClusterThe Beehive Cluster, also known as Praesepe , M44, NGC 2632, or Cr 189, is an open cluster in the constellation Cancer. It is one of the nearest open clusters to the Solar System, and it contains a larger star population than most other nearby clusters...
(Beehive) - Collinder 224NGC 3293NGC 3293 is an open cluster in the Carina constellation. It was discovered by Abbe Lacaille in 1751-52.It consists of more than 50 stars in a 10 arc minutes field, the brightest of which is a red giant of mag 6.5.-External links:* * at NightSkyInfo.com...
- Collinder 256
- Collinder 285Ursa Major Moving GroupThe Ursa Major Moving Group, also known as Collinder 285 or Ursa Major association, is a nearby stellar moving group, a set of stars with common velocities in space and thought to have a common origin. Its core is located roughly 80 light years away...
- Collinder 341
- Collinder 399 (Brocchi's Cluster or Coathanger)
- Collinder 442NGC 7142NGC 7142 is an open cluster about 6,200 light-years away in the constellation Cepheus.-Observational Difficulties:NGC 7142 is located near the reflection nebula NGC 7129, which is a first indication that the cluster may be obscured by an interstellar cloud. Many studies have demonstrated this to be...
There are some errors in Collinder's list or references to it. For example, Cr 32 = Cr 33; Cr 84 is not NGC 2175 as often mentioned (the NGC object is only the nebula) and its reality "is in some doubt"; the position for Cr 185 "is about 1m too far west and 10' too far north"; Cr 220 is not NGC 3247; Cr 234 is the southern part of Cr 233; Cr 240 is not NGC 3572 but includes it; Cr 249 is sometimes identified as being IC 2944 but is only associated with it, the latter being a nebula; the position for Cr 275 is off; Cr 371 is not NGC 6595; Cr 427 is not NGC 7023; Cr 429 is not NGC 7023 either, and actually does not exist; and Cr 470 is not IC 5146.