Charles Louis d'Albert de Luynes
Encyclopedia
Charles Louis d'Albert de Luynes (Marie Charles Louis; 24 April 1717 – 8 October 1771) was a French nobleman and member of the House of Albert
. He was the fifth Duke of Luynes as well as Duke of Chevreuse
.
on the rue Saint Dominique, as the only child of Charles Philippe d'Albert de Luynes
and his wife Louise Léontine de Bourbon, he was styled the duc de Chevreuse while his father was alive. Charles Louis was the titular Duke of Montfort. Through his mother, a granddaughter of Louis Henri de Bourbon who was an illegitimate son of the Count of Soissons, Charles Louis was also the claimant to the Principality of Neuchâtel
in modern day Switzerland
.
His parents were great friends of Queen
Marie Leszczyńska, consort of Louis XV of France
. At his father's death in 1758, he succeeded to the title of Duke of Luynes.
. He also took part in campaigns in 1735 and 1745, the latter in the War of the Austrian Succession
, and was injured in combat at Sahay at the head of the Dragoons. He participated in the attack of Prague
in 1742, and also assisted in various sieges and battles of the era.
In 1754, he was created a Colonel General of the Dragoons. From 1757 to 1771, he was the Gouverneur de Paris (Military governor of Paris
), an ancient and prestigious rank representing the king in the capital. He also was created a Knight
of the Order of the Holy Spirit
at Versailles on 2 February 1759.
He died in Paris in his Hôtel
. He was buried at the Chapelle de Saint Jean l'Évangeliste at the Église Saint-Sulpice, Paris.
Dukes of Luynes
The Duke of Luynes is a territorial name belonging to the noble French house of Albert. Luynes is, today, a commune of the Indre-et-Loire département in France . The family of Albert, which sprang from Thomas Alberti The Duke of Luynes is a territorial name belonging to the noble French house of...
. He was the fifth Duke of Luynes as well as Duke of Chevreuse
Duke of Chevreuse
Duke of Chevreuse was a French title of nobility, elevated from the barony of Chevreuse in 1545. Originally created for Jean de Brosse, Duc d'Étampes, it was transferred in 1555 to Charles of Guise, the Cardinal of Lorraine, and became a possession of the House of Guise, becoming the title of the...
.
Biography
Born in Paris at the Hôtel de LuynesHotel
A hotel is an establishment that provides paid lodging on a short-term basis. The provision of basic accommodation, in times past, consisting only of a room with a bed, a cupboard, a small table and a washstand has largely been replaced by rooms with modern facilities, including en-suite bathrooms...
on the rue Saint Dominique, as the only child of Charles Philippe d'Albert de Luynes
Charles Philippe d'Albert de Luynes
Charles Philippe d’Albert de Luynes held the title Duke of Luynes from 1712 to 1758. He wrote an important memoir of life at the court of Louis XV....
and his wife Louise Léontine de Bourbon, he was styled the duc de Chevreuse while his father was alive. Charles Louis was the titular Duke of Montfort. Through his mother, a granddaughter of Louis Henri de Bourbon who was an illegitimate son of the Count of Soissons, Charles Louis was also the claimant to the Principality of Neuchâtel
Canton of Neuchâtel
Neuchâtel is a canton of French speaking western Switzerland. In 2007, its population was 169,782 of which 39,654 were foreigners. The capital is Neuchâtel.-History:...
in modern day Switzerland
Switzerland
Switzerland name of one of the Swiss cantons. ; ; ; or ), in its full name the Swiss Confederation , is a federal republic consisting of 26 cantons, with Bern as the seat of the federal authorities. The country is situated in Western Europe,Or Central Europe depending on the definition....
.
His parents were great friends of Queen
Queen consort
A queen consort is the wife of a reigning king. A queen consort usually shares her husband's rank and holds the feminine equivalent of the king's monarchical titles. Historically, queens consort do not share the king regnant's political and military powers. Most queens in history were queens consort...
Marie Leszczyńska, consort of Louis XV of France
Louis XV of France
Louis XV was a Bourbon monarch who ruled as King of France and of Navarre from 1 September 1715 until his death. He succeeded his great-grandfather at the age of five, his first cousin Philippe II, Duke of Orléans, served as Regent of the kingdom until Louis's majority in 1723...
. At his father's death in 1758, he succeeded to the title of Duke of Luynes.
Marriages and issue
He married twice.- Firstly he married Thérèse Pélagie d'Albert on 22 January 1735 but the couple had no issue;
- Secondly he married Henriette Nicole d'Egmont-Pignatelli on 27 April 1738 with whom he had three children with:
- Charles Marie Léopold d'Albert de Luynes, Count of Dunois (23 May 1740 - 12 April 1758) died unmarried;
- Marie Paule Angélique d'Albert de Luynes (17 September 1744 - ?) married her cousin Louis Joseph d'Albert, Duke of ChaulnesDuke of ChaulnesThe title of Duke of Chaulnes , a French peerage, is held by the Albert family beginning in 1621.-History:The Duchy of Chaulnes was established by a letters patent of January 1621, registered on 6 March 1621 at the Parliament of Paris in favour of a younger brother of Charles d'Albert, Duke of...
, no issue; - Louis Joseph Charles Amable d'Albert de Luynes, Duke of Luynes (4 November 1748 - 1807) married Guyonne Élisabeth de Montmorency-Laval (aunt of Mathieu de MontmorencyMathieu de MontmorencyMathieu Jean Felicité de Montmorency, duc de Montmorency-Laval was a prominent French statesman during the French Revolution and Bourbon Restoration.-Early life:...
) and had issue.
Military career
He took part in the war in 1733 in the War of the Polish SuccessionWar of the Polish Succession
The War of the Polish Succession was a major European war for princes' possessions sparked by a Polish civil war over the succession to Augustus II, King of Poland that other European powers widened in pursuit of their own national interests...
. He also took part in campaigns in 1735 and 1745, the latter in the War of the Austrian Succession
War of the Austrian Succession
The War of the Austrian Succession – including King George's War in North America, the Anglo-Spanish War of Jenkins' Ear, and two of the three Silesian wars – involved most of the powers of Europe over the question of Maria Theresa's succession to the realms of the House of Habsburg.The...
, and was injured in combat at Sahay at the head of the Dragoons. He participated in the attack of Prague
Prague
Prague is the capital and largest city of the Czech Republic. Situated in the north-west of the country on the Vltava river, the city is home to about 1.3 million people, while its metropolitan area is estimated to have a population of over 2.3 million...
in 1742, and also assisted in various sieges and battles of the era.
In 1754, he was created a Colonel General of the Dragoons. From 1757 to 1771, he was the Gouverneur de Paris (Military governor of Paris
Military governor of Paris
The post of military governor of Paris is a very old and prestigious post in the French Army. He commands the garrison of Paris and represents all the military based in Paris at high state occasions...
), an ancient and prestigious rank representing the king in the capital. He also was created a Knight
Knight
A knight was a member of a class of lower nobility in the High Middle Ages.By the Late Middle Ages, the rank had become associated with the ideals of chivalry, a code of conduct for the perfect courtly Christian warrior....
of the Order of the Holy Spirit
Order of the Holy Spirit
The Order of the Holy Spirit, also known as the Order of the Knights of the Holy Spirit, was an Order of Chivalry under the French Monarchy. It should not be confused with the Congregation of the Holy Ghost or with the Order of the Holy Ghost...
at Versailles on 2 February 1759.
He died in Paris in his Hôtel
Hotel
A hotel is an establishment that provides paid lodging on a short-term basis. The provision of basic accommodation, in times past, consisting only of a room with a bed, a cupboard, a small table and a washstand has largely been replaced by rooms with modern facilities, including en-suite bathrooms...
. He was buried at the Chapelle de Saint Jean l'Évangeliste at the Église Saint-Sulpice, Paris.