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Charles Chamberland

 

 
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Charles Chamberland
 
 
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Charles Chamberland (March 12, 1851 - May 2, 1908) was a French microbiologist
Microbiologist

A microbiologist is a scientist who works in the field of microbiology. Most have a university degree in the subject.Specialists in the broad field of microbiology include:...
 from Chilly-le-Vignoble
Chilly-le-Vignoble

Chilly-le-Vignoble is a Communes of France in the Jura Departments of France in Franche-Comt? in eastern France....
 in the department of Jura who worked with Louis Pasteur. In 1884 he developed a type of filtration known today as the Chamberland filter
Chamberland filter

A Chamberland filter, also known as a Pasteur-Chamberland filter, is a porcelain water filter invented by Charles Chamberland in 1884. It is similar to the Berkefeld filter in principle....
 or Chamberland-Pasteur filter, constituting of an unglazed porcelain
Porcelain

Porcelain is a ceramic material made by heating raw materials, generally including clay in the form of kaolin, in a kiln to temperatures between and ....
 bar. This filter had pores that were smaller than bacteria
Bacteria

The Bacteria are a large group of unicellular microorganisms. Typically a few micrometres in length, bacteria have a wide range of shapes, ranging from spheres to rods and spirals....
, and made it possible to pass a solution containing bacteria through the filter and have them completely removed from the solution.






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Charles Chamberland (March 12, 1851 - May 2, 1908) was a French microbiologist
Microbiologist

A microbiologist is a scientist who works in the field of microbiology. Most have a university degree in the subject.Specialists in the broad field of microbiology include:...
 from Chilly-le-Vignoble
Chilly-le-Vignoble

Chilly-le-Vignoble is a Communes of France in the Jura Departments of France in Franche-Comt? in eastern France....
 in the department of Jura who worked with Louis Pasteur. In 1884 he developed a type of filtration known today as the Chamberland filter
Chamberland filter

A Chamberland filter, also known as a Pasteur-Chamberland filter, is a porcelain water filter invented by Charles Chamberland in 1884. It is similar to the Berkefeld filter in principle....
 or Chamberland-Pasteur filter, constituting of an unglazed porcelain
Porcelain

Porcelain is a ceramic material made by heating raw materials, generally including clay in the form of kaolin, in a kiln to temperatures between and ....
 bar. This filter had pores that were smaller than bacteria
Bacteria

The Bacteria are a large group of unicellular microorganisms. Typically a few micrometres in length, bacteria have a wide range of shapes, ranging from spheres to rods and spirals....
, and made it possible to pass a solution containing bacteria through the filter and have them completely removed from the solution. He was also credited for starting a research project that led to the invention of the autoclave
Autoclave

An autoclave is a pressure vessel designed to heat aqueous solutions above their boiling point at normal atmospheric pressure to achieve sterilization ....
 device in 1879. He worked with Pasteur and came up, by chance, with a vaccine for chicken cholera. He went away on holiday, forgetting to inject the disease into some chickens as he had been told. When he came back he saw the jar of bacteria sitting on the side and thought he would inject it into the chickens anyway. To his amazement they did not die. He reported this to Pasteur, who told him to inject a fresh form into the chickens, they still did not die. He then went on to injecting the fresh form into new chickens, they did die. He had found a vaccine. They had also discovered that a weakened form of a disease can act as a vaccine.