Categories of protected areas of Ukraine
Encyclopedia
Categories of natural environment protected areas of Ukraine were reestablished by the government of Ukraine with the fall of the Soviet Union
and on June 16, 1992 the President of Ukraine
Leonid Kravchuk
signed the law on the nature-sanctuary fund of Ukraine. The law redefined already the established system of environment protection management for Ukraine as a fully sovereign and independent country.
The table below lists the protected area category, the management level and the proclaiming body. Note that categories are not necessarily hierarchal.
, its changes under the activity of anthropogenic factors.
Biosphere Preserves are created on the base of nature preserves, national nature park
s including to their composition territories and objects of other categories of nature-preserving fund and other lands as well as including in the established order the World Network of Biosphere Reserves
in the UNESCO
framework "Man and the Biosphere Programme".
Plots of land and water area with all the natural resources
are completely withdrawn from commercial use and granted to preserves
in order established by the Law of Ukraine.
The main objective of the nature preserves is conservation of nature complexes and objects on their territories, conducting scientific research and observations after the state of the surrounding natural environment, development on their basis environment protective recommendations, dissemination of environmental awareness, facilitation in preparation of scientific personnel and specialists in the field of protection of the surrounding natural environment and nature preservation.
The Nature Preserves are also responsible for coordination and carrying out scientific research on territories of nature reserves, nature monuments, protected tracts in a region.
Plots of land and water area with all the natural resources and objects are withdrawn from commercial use and granted to the National Nature Parks in order established by the Law of Ukraine.
The composition of the territories of the National Nature Parks may include plots of land and water area of other landowners and land users.
The National Nature Parks are vested implementation of such fundamental tasks:
All nature park
s in Ukraine
are national park
s.
Regional landscape parks are organized with withdrawal or without withdrawal of land plots, water, and other natural objects from their owners or users.
In the event when the withdrawal of land plots, water, and other natural objects is necessary for the needs of the regional landscape parks, it is conducted in order established by the legislation of Ukraine.
On regional landscape parks relies the implementation of such objectives:
s) are declared natural territories (aquatic areas) with the goal of conservation and restoration of natural complexes or their separate components.
Declaration of reserves (zakazniks) is conducted without withdrawal of land plots, water, and other natural objects from their owners or users.
Nature monument
Nature monuments are separate unique natural creations that possess special environment-protected, scientific, aesthetic, educational, and cultural status.
Protected tract
Protected tracts are forest, steppe, wetland, and other outdrawn coherent landscapes that possess important scientific, environment-protected, and aesthetic status.
, Sofiyivka arboretum
, Trostyanets arboretum, and many others.
Botanic gardens
Arboreta (Dendrology park)
Zoos (Zoology park)
Exclusive parks (Park architecture monument)
Soviet Union
The Soviet Union , officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics , was a constitutionally socialist state that existed in Eurasia between 1922 and 1991....
and on June 16, 1992 the President of Ukraine
President of Ukraine
Prior to the formation of the modern Ukrainian presidency, the previous Ukrainian head of state office was officially established in exile by Andriy Livytskyi. At first the de facto leader of nation was the president of the Central Rada at early years of the Ukrainian People's Republic, while the...
Leonid Kravchuk
Leonid Kravchuk
Leonid Makarovych Kravchuk is a Ukrainian politician, the first President of Ukraine serving from December 5, 1991 until his resignation on July 19, 1994, a former Chairman of the Verkhovna Rada and People's Deputy of Ukraine serving in the Social Democratic Party of Ukraine faction.After a...
signed the law on the nature-sanctuary fund of Ukraine. The law redefined already the established system of environment protection management for Ukraine as a fully sovereign and independent country.
Protected area systematization
The Law defines ten categories of protected areas. In general perspective the categories correspond to the internationally recognized IUCN protected area categories.The table below lists the protected area category, the management level and the proclaiming body. Note that categories are not necessarily hierarchal.
| IUCN Class | Protection category | Intent | Form of property | Type of creation |
| I | BIOSPHERE PRESERVE (SANCTUARY) | Conservation of typical nature complexes, ecological monitoring, and education | international / non-private | natural |
| NATURE PRESERVE (SANCTUARY) | Conservation of typical or unique nature complexes, education, scientific research for environment protection, ecological use and safety | national / non-private | natural | |
| II | NATIONAL NATURE PARK | Conservation, restoration, and efficiency for historic-cultural, aesthetic, educational, and similar values | national / non-private | natural |
| V | REGIONAL LANDSCAPE PARK | Conservation of typical or unique nature complexes and implementation of organized recreation | regional / public | natural |
| VI / VII | NATURE RESERVE (ZAKAZNIK Zakaznik Zakaznik is a type of protected area in Russia and other former Soviet republics such as Ukraine that meets World Conservation Union's category III, or more frequently category VII criteria.... ) |
Conservation and restoration of nature complexes or their separate components | regional / public | natural |
| III | LANDMARK OF NATURE | Conservation of naturally intact (as special environmental, scientific, aesthetic, educational, and cultural meaning) | regional / public | natural |
| PROTECTED TRACT | Conservation of naturally intact (as important scientific, environmental, and aesthetic meaning) | regional / public | natural | |
| IV | BOTANIC GARDEN | Conservation, botanic study, conducting scientific, instructional, and educational activities | regional / public* | artificial |
| DENDROLOGY PARK (ARBORETUM) | Conservation, dendrology study | regional / public* | artificial | |
| ZOOLOGY PARK | Education, exposition, conservation, fauna study | regional / public* | artificial | |
| PARK ARCHITECTURE LANDMARK | Preservation and use of the most prominent and valuable examples of park architecture for aesthetic, educational, scientific, environmental, and recreational purposes | regional / public | artificial |
- Note: Botanical gardens, arboreta, and zoological parks created before June 16, 1992 are not subject to privatizationPrivatizationPrivatization is the incidence or process of transferring ownership of a business, enterprise, agency or public service from the public sector to the private sector or to private non-profit organizations...
.
Biosphere Preserves
Biosphere Preserves (colloquially biosphere zapovedniks) are environment-protected scientific-research institutions of international status that are created with the intent for conservation in a natural state the most typical natural complexes of biosphere, conducting background ecological monitoring, studying of the surrounding natural environmentNatural environment
The natural environment encompasses all living and non-living things occurring naturally on Earth or some region thereof. It is an environment that encompasses the interaction of all living species....
, its changes under the activity of anthropogenic factors.
Biosphere Preserves are created on the base of nature preserves, national nature park
National park
A national park is a reserve of natural, semi-natural, or developed land that a sovereign state declares or owns. Although individual nations designate their own national parks differently A national park is a reserve of natural, semi-natural, or developed land that a sovereign state declares or...
s including to their composition territories and objects of other categories of nature-preserving fund and other lands as well as including in the established order the World Network of Biosphere Reserves
World Network of Biosphere Reserves
The UNESCO World Network of Biosphere Reserves covers internationally-designated protected areas, known as biosphere reserves, that are meant to demonstrate a balanced relationship between man and nature The UNESCO World Network of Biosphere Reserves covers internationally-designated protected...
in the UNESCO
UNESCO
The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization is a specialized agency of the United Nations...
framework "Man and the Biosphere Programme".
Nature Preserves
Nature Preserves (colloquially nature zapovedniks) are environment-protected, scientific-research institutions of statewide status that are created with the goal of conservation in natural state typical or unique for a given landscape zone nature complexes with the entire collection of their components, studying of natural processes and phenomena that occur in them, developing scientific foundation for protection of the surrounding natural environment, efficient use of natural resources as well as ecological safety.Plots of land and water area with all the natural resources
Natural Resources
Natural Resources is a soul album released by Motown girl group Martha Reeves and the Vandellas in 1970 on the Gordy label. The album is significant for the Vietnam War ballad "I Should Be Proud" and the slow jam, "Love Guess Who"...
are completely withdrawn from commercial use and granted to preserves
Preservation
Preservation may refer to:* Heritage preservation:** Historic preservation, of buildings, monuments, etc.** Preservation , of books, recordings, etc.** Conservation , of the natural environment...
in order established by the Law of Ukraine.
The main objective of the nature preserves is conservation of nature complexes and objects on their territories, conducting scientific research and observations after the state of the surrounding natural environment, development on their basis environment protective recommendations, dissemination of environmental awareness, facilitation in preparation of scientific personnel and specialists in the field of protection of the surrounding natural environment and nature preservation.
The Nature Preserves are also responsible for coordination and carrying out scientific research on territories of nature reserves, nature monuments, protected tracts in a region.
National Nature Park
National Nature Parks are environment-protected, recreational, culture-educational, and scientific-researching institutions of a statewide status that are created with the goal of conservation, restoration, and effective use of natural complexes and objects that have special environment-protected, health-oriented, historic-cultural, educational, aesthetic value.Plots of land and water area with all the natural resources and objects are withdrawn from commercial use and granted to the National Nature Parks in order established by the Law of Ukraine.
The composition of the territories of the National Nature Parks may include plots of land and water area of other landowners and land users.
The National Nature Parks are vested implementation of such fundamental tasks:
- conservation of valuable natural and historic-cultural complexes and objects;
- creating conditions for organized tourism, recreation, and other outdoor activities in natural conditions in compliance with the regime of protection of preserved natural complexes and objects;
- conducting scientific research of natural complexes and their changes under the conditions of recreational use, development scientific recommendations on the protection of the surrounding natural environment and effective use of natural resources;
- implementation of environmental education work.
All nature park
Nature park
A nature park is a landscape protected by means of long-term planning, use and agriculture. These valuable landscapes are preserved in their present state and promoted for touristic purposes....
s in Ukraine
Ukraine
Ukraine is a country in Eastern Europe. It has an area of 603,628 km², making it the second largest contiguous country on the European continent, after Russia...
are national park
National park
A national park is a reserve of natural, semi-natural, or developed land that a sovereign state declares or owns. Although individual nations designate their own national parks differently A national park is a reserve of natural, semi-natural, or developed land that a sovereign state declares or...
s.
Regional landscape park
Regional landscape parks are environment-protected recreational institutions of local or regional status that are created with the goal of conservation in natural state typical or unique natural complexes and objects as well as providing the conditions for organized recreation for the population.Regional landscape parks are organized with withdrawal or without withdrawal of land plots, water, and other natural objects from their owners or users.
In the event when the withdrawal of land plots, water, and other natural objects is necessary for the needs of the regional landscape parks, it is conducted in order established by the legislation of Ukraine.
On regional landscape parks relies the implementation of such objectives:
- conservation of valuable natural and historical-cultural complexes and objects;
- creating conditions for effective tourism, recreation, and other types of outdoor activities in natural conditions in compliance with the regime of protection of preserved natural complexes and objects;
- promoting environmental education work.
Nature reserves
Nature reserves (colloquially zakaznikZakaznik
Zakaznik is a type of protected area in Russia and other former Soviet republics such as Ukraine that meets World Conservation Union's category III, or more frequently category VII criteria....
s) are declared natural territories (aquatic areas) with the goal of conservation and restoration of natural complexes or their separate components.
Declaration of reserves (zakazniks) is conducted without withdrawal of land plots, water, and other natural objects from their owners or users.
Prominent nature attractions
Prominent nature attractions are declared with the goal of conservation them in natural state. Their declaration is conducted without the withdrawal of land plots, water, and other natural objects from their owners or users. There are two types of nature attractions recognized in Ukraine.Nature monument
Nature monuments are separate unique natural creations that possess special environment-protected, scientific, aesthetic, educational, and cultural status.
Protected tract
Protected tracts are forest, steppe, wetland, and other outdrawn coherent landscapes that possess important scientific, environment-protected, and aesthetic status.
Habitat / Species Managed Areas
Habitat / Species Managed Areas may have multiple categorizations such as part of "Ukrainian objects of cultural heritage" or as scientific-research (educational) institutions. Such areas also may be part of bigger national nature parks and/or biosphere preserves as component parts of them. Among the most prominent of them are the botanic garden and zoology park of Askania-NovaAskania-Nova
Askania-Nova is a biosphere reserve located in Kherson Oblast, Ukraine, within the dry Taurida steppe near Oleshky Sands. The reserve consists of a zoological park, a botanical garden, and an open territory of virgin steppes....
, Sofiyivka arboretum
Arboretum
An arboretum in a narrow sense is a collection of trees only. Related collections include a fruticetum , and a viticetum, a collection of vines. More commonly, today, an arboretum is a botanical garden containing living collections of woody plants intended at least partly for scientific study...
, Trostyanets arboretum, and many others.
Botanic gardens
Arboreta (Dendrology park)
Zoos (Zoology park)
Exclusive parks (Park architecture monument)