Carbonic anhydrase II (gene name CA2), is one of fourteen forms of human α carbonic anhydrases

Carbonic anhydrase

The carbonic anhydrases form a family of enzymes that catalyze the rapid interconversion of carbon dioxide and water to bicarbonate and protons , a reversible reaction that occurs rather slowly in the absence of a catalyst...

. Carbonic anhydrase catalyzes reversible hydration of carbon dioxide

Carbon dioxide

Carbon dioxide is a naturally occurring chemical compound composed of two oxygen atoms covalently bonded to a single carbon atom...

. Defects in this enzyme are associated with osteopetrosis

Osteopetrosis

Osteopetrosis, literally "stone bone", also known as marble bone disease and Albers-Schonberg disease is an extremely rare inherited disorder whereby the bones harden, becoming denser, in contrast to more prevalent conditions like osteoporosis, in which the bones become less dense and more brittle,...

 and renal tubular acidosis

Renal tubular acidosis

Renal tubular acidosis is a medical condition that involves an accumulation of acid in the body due to a failure of the kidneys to appropriately acidify the urine. When blood is filtered by the kidney, the filtrate passes through the tubules of the nephron, allowing for exchange of salts, acid...

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Renal carbonic anhydrase allows the reabsorption of sodium ions in the proximal tubule.

Interactions

Carbonic anhydrase II has been shown to interact

Protein-protein interaction

Protein–protein interactions occur when two or more proteins bind together, often to carry out their biological function. Many of the most important molecular processes in the cell such as DNA replication are carried out by large molecular machines that are built from a large number of protein...

 with Band 3

Band 3

Anion Exchanger 1 or Band 3 is a phylogenetically preserved transport protein responsible for mediating the exchange of chloride for bicarbonate across a plasma membrane. Functionally similar members of the AE clade are AE2 and AE3.It is ubiquitous throughout the vertebrates...

 and Sodium-hydrogen antiporter 1

Sodium-hydrogen antiporter 1

The sodium-hydrogen antiporter 1 also known as sodium/hydrogen exchanger 1 or SLC9A1 is an isoform of sodium–hydrogen antiporter that in humans is encoded by the SLC9A1 gene.- Function :...

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Further reading