Chromosome 11 open reading frame one, also known as C11orf1, is a protein

Protein

Proteins are biochemical compounds consisting of one or more polypeptides typically folded into a globular or fibrous form, facilitating a biological function. A polypeptide is a single linear polymer chain of amino acids bonded together by peptide bonds between the carboxyl and amino groups of...

-coding gene

Gene

A gene is a molecular unit of heredity of a living organism. It is a name given to some stretches of DNA and RNA that code for a type of protein or for an RNA chain that has a function in the organism. Living beings depend on genes, as they specify all proteins and functional RNA chains...

. It has been found by yeast two hybrid screen to bind to SETDB1 a histone protein methyltranferase enzyme. SETDB1 has been implicated in Huntington's disease, a neurodegenerative disorder.

C11orf1 is a nuclear protein with unknown function but has been shown to show preferential expression in some disease states in microarray data.

Species distribution

C11orf1 shows conservation through mammals and orthologs can be found in sea squirts and sea anemone

Sea anemone

Sea anemones are a group of water-dwelling, predatory animals of the order Actiniaria; they are named after the anemone, a terrestrial flower. Sea anemones are classified in the phylum Cnidaria, class Anthozoa, subclass Zoantharia. Anthozoa often have large polyps that allow for digestion of larger...

. The below table shows some orthologs found using BLAST

BLAST

In bioinformatics, Basic Local Alignment Search Tool, or BLAST, is an algorithm for comparing primary biological sequence information, such as the amino-acid sequences of different proteins or the nucleotides of DNA sequences...

.

Species	Organism Common Name	NCBI Accession	Sequence Identity	Expected value	Length (AAs)	Gene Common Name
Homo sapiens	Human Human Humans are the only living species in the Homo genus...	CAG33659	100%	8e−86	150	C11orf1
Bos taurus	Bovine	NP_001033266.1	85%	1e−70	149	UPF0686 protein C11orf1 homolog
Canis lupus familiaris	Dog Dog The domestic dog is a domesticated form of the gray wolf, a member of the Canidae family of the order Carnivora. The term is used for both feral and pet varieties. The dog may have been the first animal to be domesticated, and has been the most widely kept working, hunting, and companion animal in...	XP_536577.1	88%	3e−68	485	PREDICTED: hypothetical protein XP_536577 [Canis familiaris]
Mus musculus	Mouse Mouse A mouse is a small mammal belonging to the order of rodents. The best known mouse species is the common house mouse . It is also a popular pet. In some places, certain kinds of field mice are also common. This rodent is eaten by large birds such as hawks and eagles...	NP_075972.2	78%	4e−65	466	hypothetical protein LOC68721 [Mus musculus]
Ciona intestinalis Ciona intestinalis Ciona intestinalis is a urochordata , a tunicate widely distributed in Northern European waters. As an invasive species, it has also spread to other parts of the world....	Sea Squirt	XP_002127073.1	49%	3e−23	156	PREDICTED: similar to predicted protein [Ciona intestinalis]

Gene

C11orf1 is located on chromosome 11 and is neighbored by:

• FDXACB1-201
• ALG9-201
• ALG9-202
• AP001781.5-201

Structure

This protein is part of the UPF0686 superfamily. This family is characterized by the presence of a domain

Protein domain

A protein domain is a part of protein sequence and structure that can evolve, function, and exist independently of the rest of the protein chain. Each domain forms a compact three-dimensional structure and often can be independently stable and folded. Many proteins consist of several structural...

 of unknown function (DUF)1143 shared by the family. This family DUF1143 has a domain that includes almost all,149, of the 150 amino acids in the human ortholog. C11orf1 has six spicesomal variants and one unspliced variant.

Predicted properties

The following properties of C11orf1 were predicted using bioinformatic analysis

Bioinformatics

Bioinformatics is the application of computer science and information technology to the field of biology and medicine. Bioinformatics deals with algorithms, databases and information systems, web technologies, artificial intelligence and soft computing, information and computation theory, software...

:

• Molecular Weight: 17.76 KDal
• Isoelectric point
  Isoelectric point
  The isoelectric point , sometimes abbreviated to IEP, is the pH at which a particular molecule or surface carries no net electrical charge....
  
  : 8.38
• Post-translational modification
  Posttranslational modification
  Posttranslational modification is the chemical modification of a protein after its translation. It is one of the later steps in protein biosynthesis, and thus gene expression, for many proteins....
  
  : twelve possible post-translational modifications are predicted:
  • Two O-(N-acetylaminogalactosyl)-L-threonine Glycosylations at position 138 and 142 on the protein sequence
  • Two O-phospho-L-serine Phosphorylation sites at 112 and 141.
  • Four O-phospho-L-threonine Phosphorylation sites at 59, 99, 113, and 138.
  • Four O4'-phospho-L-tyrosine Phosphorylation sites at 64, 101, 105 and 143.

Secondary structure is slightly in disagreement depending on the algorithm used to predict.

Tissue distribution

C11orf1 appears to be ubiquitously expressed at low levels but particularly high expression in the parathyroid. Expression data indicate expression in most tissues. This gene has also been found in one experiment to be under expressed in Huntington's disease patients while SETDB1 is over-expressed.

Binding partners

The human protein SET domain bifurcated 1

SETDB1

Histone-lysine N-methyltransferase SETDB1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the SETDB1 gene.- Function :The SET domain is a highly conserved, approximately 150-amino acid motif implicated in the modulation of chromatin structure...

, was found to be a binding partner for C11orf1 by Yeast Two Hybrid.

Further reading