Bavarian Maximilian Order for Science and Art
Encyclopedia
The Bavarian Maximilian Order for Science and Art (German: Bayerische Maximiliansorden für Wissenschaft und Kunst) was first established on 28 November 1853 by King Maximilian II. von Bayern
. It is awarded to acknowledge and reward excellent and outstanding achievements in the field of science and art. From 1933 onwards (with the beginning of the Nazi regime
) the order was not longer rewarded. In 1980 it was reinstated by the then Minister-President
of the Free State of Bavaria Franz Josef Strauß
.
Since 1980 the order was awarded to 174 recipients including 24 woman. The number of living members of the order shall not exceed 100. In October 2010 there were 99 living members of the orders.
Until 1932 the order was issued 351 times. Overall the order was awarded to 525 people from 1853 to 2010.
. The order was instituted in one class and two sections (science and art). The order is restricted to 100 living members.
The advisory committee consists of:
All members of the advisory committee are selected for a period of five years. The committee decides with the mayority of its members.
Maximilian II of Bavaria
Maximilian II of Bavaria was king of Bavaria from 1848 until 1864. He was son of Ludwig I of Bavaria and Therese of Saxe-Hildburghausen.-Crown Prince:...
. It is awarded to acknowledge and reward excellent and outstanding achievements in the field of science and art. From 1933 onwards (with the beginning of the Nazi regime
Nazi Germany
Nazi Germany , also known as the Third Reich , but officially called German Reich from 1933 to 1943 and Greater German Reich from 26 June 1943 onward, is the name commonly used to refer to the state of Germany from 1933 to 1945, when it was a totalitarian dictatorship ruled by...
) the order was not longer rewarded. In 1980 it was reinstated by the then Minister-President
Minister-President
A minister-president is the head of government in a number of European countries or subnational governments, in which a parliamentary or semi-presidential system of government prevails, who presides over the council of ministers...
of the Free State of Bavaria Franz Josef Strauß
Franz Josef Strauß
Franz Josef Strauss was a German politician. He was the leader of the Christian Social Union, member of the federal cabinet in different positions and long-time minister-president of the state of Bavaria....
.
Since 1980 the order was awarded to 174 recipients including 24 woman. The number of living members of the order shall not exceed 100. In October 2010 there were 99 living members of the orders.
Until 1932 the order was issued 351 times. Overall the order was awarded to 525 people from 1853 to 2010.
Preamble
In continuiation of a bavarian tradition the Bavarian Maximialian Order for Art and Sciences is created. It is awarded to reward outstanding achievements in the field of science and art. (In Fortsetzung alter bayerischer Tradition wird der Bayerische Maximiliansorden für Wissenschaft und Kunst geschaffen. Mit ihm sollen herausragende Leistungen auf dem Gebieten von Wissenschaft und Kunst ausgezeichnet werden.)Criteria
The Maximilian Order is preferable awarded to German scientist and artist. It is not restricted to citizens of BavariaBavaria
Bavaria, formally the Free State of Bavaria is a state of Germany, located in the southeast of Germany. With an area of , it is the largest state by area, forming almost 20% of the total land area of Germany...
. The order was instituted in one class and two sections (science and art). The order is restricted to 100 living members.
Nomination procedure
The Minister-President, the minister of state for their respective portfolio and the two sections of the order are eligible to nominate new members. These proposals are evaluated by an advisory committee (Ordensbeirat). It gives its recommendation to the Minister-President for final decision.The advisory committee consists of:
- the President of the Landtag of BavariaLandtag of BavariaThe Landtag of Bavaria is the unicameral legislature of the state of Bavaria in Germany. Between 1946 and 1999 there was an upper house, the Senate of Bavaria. The parliament meets in the Maximilianeum....
, - the member of the government who is deputy of the Minister-President,
- the State Minister of Sciences, Research and the Arts,
- the President of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences and HumanitiesBavarian Academy of Sciences and HumanitiesThe Bavarian Academy of Sciences and Humanities is an independent public institution, located in Munich. It appoints scholars whose research has contributed considerably to the increase of knowledge within their subject...
, - the President of the Bavarian Academy of Fine Arts,
- the President of one of the Bavarian Art Colleges (Kunsthochschulen),
- the President of one of the Bavarian Universities and
- a representative of the applied scienceApplied scienceApplied science is the application of scientific knowledge transferred into a physical environment. Examples include testing a theoretical model through the use of formal science or solving a practical problem through the use of natural science....
s, who is named by the Minister-President.
All members of the advisory committee are selected for a period of five years. The committee decides with the mayority of its members.
Members of the Bavarian Maximilian Order for Science and Art
- see article: Members of the Bavarian Maximilian Order for Science and ArtMembers of the Bavarian Maximilian Order for Science and ArtMembers of the Bavarian Maximilian Order for Science and Art - which is awarded to acknowledge and reward excellent and outstanding achievements in the field of science and art - are.- Members :* 1853...
Literature
- Georg Schreiber Die Bayerischen Orden und Ehrenzeichen, Prestel-Verlag, München 1964
- Hans Körner "Der Bayerische Maximiliansorden für Wissenschaft und Kunst und seine Mitglieder" in: Zeitschrift für Bayerische Landesgeschichte, Bd. 47 (1984), S. 299-398. Online: http://periodika.digitale-sammlungen.de/zblg/kapitel/zblg47_kap28; as book: Bd. 2 der "Hefte zur Bayerischen Landesgeschichte", publ. by the Kommission für bayerische Landesgeschichte bei der Akademie der Wissenschaften. IX, 116 p. w. 11 pict. München 2001 (ISBN 3-7696-9700-6).