Shaikh Ahmad Khatib was a Minangkabau Indonesia

Indonesia

Indonesia , officially the Republic of Indonesia , is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania. Indonesia is an archipelago comprising approximately 13,000 islands. It has 33 provinces with over 238 million people, and is the world's fourth most populous country. Indonesia is a republic, with an...

n Islamic teacher. He was born in Koto Gadang, Agam Regency

Agam Regency

Agam is a regency of West Sumatra, Indonesia. It has an area of 2,232.30 km² and a population of approximately 419,800 people. The capital is Lubuk Basung....

, West Sumatra

West Sumatra

West Sumatra is a province of Indonesia. It lies on the west coast of the island Sumatra. It borders the provinces of North Sumatra to the north, Riau and Jambi to the east, and Bengkulu to the southeast. It includes the Mentawai Islands off the coast...

 on 6 Dzulhijjah 1276 H (1860 M) and died in Mecca

Mecca

Mecca is a city in the Hijaz and the capital of Makkah province in Saudi Arabia. The city is located inland from Jeddah in a narrow valley at a height of above sea level...

 on 8 Jumadil Awal 1334 H (1916 M). He served as the head (imam) of the Shafi'i

Shafi'i

The Shafi'i madhhab is one of the schools of fiqh, or religious law, within the Sunni branch of Islam. The Shafi'i school of fiqh is named after Imām ash-Shafi'i.-Principles:...

 school of law at the mosque of Mecca (Masjid al-Haram

Masjid al-Haram

Al-Masjid al-Ḥarām is the largest mosque in the world. Located in the city of Mecca, it surrounds the Kaaba, the place which Muslims worldwide turn towards while performing daily prayers and is Islam's holiest place...

). Many Indonesian Islamic reformist leaders learned from him, including Ahmad Dahlan

Ahmad Dahlan

Kyai Haji Ahmad Dahlan , born Muhammad Darwis, was an Indonesian Islamic revivalist who established Muhammadiyah in 1912.-Education:...

, as founder Muhammadiyah

Muhammadiyah

Muhammadiyah is an Islamic organization in Indonesia. Muhammadiyah, literally means "followers of Muhammad"...

 and Hasyim Asyari, as founder Nahdlatul Ulama. .

Ahmad Khatib was a fundamentalist Muslim. He refused about matrilineal system

Matrilineality

Matrilineality is a system in which descent is traced through the mother and maternal ancestors. Matrilineality is also a societal system in which one belongs to one's matriline or mother's lineage, which can involve the inheritance of property and/or titles.A matriline is a line of descent from a...

 in Minangkabau. Through Minangkabau students who learned in Mecca, he sponsored a modified Minangkabau culture based on al-Quran.

General

• Ricklefs, M.C. A History of Modern Indonesia Since c. 1300, 2nd ed. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1994.