Aeolian mode

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Aeolian mode

The Aeolian mode is a musical mode

Musical mode

Mode is a term from Western music theory having three senses: the rhythmic relationship between long and short values in the late medieval period; in early medieval theory, Interval ; and, most commonly, a concept involving Musical scale and melody type ....
or diatonic scale

Diatonic scale

In music theory, a diatonic scale is a seven note musical scale comprising five whole steps and two half steps, in which the half steps are maximally separated....
.

An Aeolian mode formed part of the music theory

Music theory

Music theory is the field of study that deals with how music works. It examines the language and notation of music. It identifies patterns that govern composer techniques....
of ancient Greece

Ancient Greece

The term Ancient Greece refers to the period of History of Greece lasting from the Greek Dark Ages ca. 1100 BC and the Dorian invasion, to 146 BC and the Roman Republic conquest of Greece after the Battle of Corinth ....
, based around the relative natural scale in A (that is, the same as playing all the 'white notes' of a piano from A to A). Greek theory called this simple scale the Hypodorian mode

Hypodorian mode

The hypodorian mode, literally meaning 'below dorian mode', is a musical mode or diatonic scale of ancient Greece that was based upon the dorian mode tetrachord: a series of rising intervals of a semitone followed by two major second....
, and the Aeolian and Locrian

Locrian mode

The Locrian mode is a musical mode or diatonic scale. It may be considered a minor scale with the second and fifth scale degrees lowered a semi-tone....
modes must have formed different (perhaps chromatic

Chromatic scale

The chromatic scale is a musical scale with twelve Pitch es, each a semitone or half step apart. "A chromatic scale is a diatonic scale consisting entirely of half-step interval ," having, "no tonic ," due to the symmetry or equal spacing of its tones....
) variations of this.

The term Aeolian mode fell into disuse in medieval Europe, as church music

Church music

----------------Church music may be defined as music written for performance in church, or any musical setting of ecclestiacal liturgy, or music set to words expressing propositions of a sacred nature, such as a hymn....
based itself around eight musical mode

Musical mode

Authentic mode

An authentic mode is one of four Gregorian mode whose final is the lowest note of the scale . These four modes correspond to the modern modal scales starting on D , E , F , and G ....
and plagal

Plagal mode

A plagal mode is a musical mode, and one of four Gregorian modes whose range includes the octave from the fourth below the tonic, or final, to the fifth above....
counterparts.

In 1547 Heinrich Glarean

Heinrich Glarean

Heinrich Glarean was a Switzerland music theory, poet and humanist. He was born in Mollis and died in Freiburg.After a thorough early training in music, he enrolled in the University of Cologne, where he studied theology, philosophy, and mathematics as well as music....
published his Dodecachordon.

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Encyclopedia

The Aeolian mode is a musical mode

Musical mode

Diatonic scale

Music theory

Music theory is the field of study that deals with how music works. It examines the language and notation of music. It identifies patterns that govern composer techniques....
of ancient Greece

Ancient Greece

Hypodorian mode

Locrian mode

Chromatic scale

Church music

Musical mode

Authentic mode

An authentic mode is one of four Gregorian mode whose final is the lowest note of the scale . These four modes correspond to the modern modal scales starting on D , E , F , and G ....
and plagal

Plagal mode

Heinrich Glarean

Folk music

Folk music can have a number of different meanings, including:* Traditional music: The original meaning of the term "folk music" was synonymous with the term "Traditional music", also often including World Music and Roots music; the term "Traditional music" was given its more specific meaning to distinguish it from the other definition...
used the additional modes, but they did not form part of the official church repertoire. Glarean added Aeolian as the name of the new ninth mode: the relative natural mode in A with the perfect fifth

Perfect fifth

The perfect fifth is the musical interval between a note and the note seven semitones above it on the musical scale. For example, the note G lies a perfect fifth above C; D is a perfect fifth above G, C is a perfect fifth above F, and so on....
as its dominant, reciting note or tenor
Tenor (disambiguation)

Tenor means generally:* the true purport and effect of a deed or instrument;* the character or usual pattern of something;* the drift or general meaning of a statement or discourse;...
. The tenth mode, the plagal version of the Aeolian mode, Glarean called Hypoaeolian ("under Aeolian"), based on the same relative scale, but with the minor third

Minor third

A minor third is a Interval of three semitones. It is the smaller of two commonly occurring musical intervals compounded of two steps of the diatonic scale....
as its tenor, and having a melodic range from a perfect fourth

Perfect fourth

The perfect fourth is a musical interval which spans four diatonic scale scale degree. It consists of the note and the note five semitones above it on the musical scale....
below the tonic to a perfect fifth

Perfect fifth

Monophony

In music, monophony is the simplest of texture , consisting of melody without accompanying harmony. This may be realized as just one note at a time, or with the same note duplicated at the octave ....
church music, the folk modes added by Glarean became the basis of the minor

Minor scale

Major scale

In music theory, the major scale or Ionian mode scale is one of the diatonic scale Musical scales. It is made up of seven distinct notes, plus an eighth which duplicates the first an octave higher....
division of classical European music, the Aeolian mode forming the natural minor mode. However, it would not be correct to refer to any piece in a now-traditional minor key as being in the Aeolian mode, which would imply that the style of the piece was modal, which is usually not the case with music in a minor key as understood today. In particular, the main (but probably not only) difference would be that the minor-key piece would frequently use the raised 7th degree as its leading note, particularly in the use of dominant-7th harmony, whereas the Aeolian piece would rarely or never use such a raised leading note, and its dominant chord would be a minor triad or minor triad plus minor 7th.

The Aeolian mode is the sixth mode of the major scale and has the "formula" 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7. Its tonic chord is the submediant minor triad in the relative major key. For example, if the Aeolian mode is used in its all-white-note pitch based on A, this would be an A-minor triad, which would be the submediant in the relative major key of C major

C major

C major is a musical major scale based on C, with pitches C , D , E , F , G , A , and B . Its key signature has no flats/sharps.Its relative key is A minor, and its parallel key is C minor....
.

As the Aeolian mode forms the natural minor scale

Minor scale

A minor scale in music theory is a diatonic scale with a third scale degree at an Interval of a minor third above the Tonic . While this definition encompasses Musical mode with the minor third, such as Dorian mode, the term may more usually refer only to the natural minor, harmonic minor, and melodic minor scales, descri...
(also known as the descending melodic minor scale), it is among the most frequently used diatonic modes in western music. Tunes entirely in the Aeolian mode (i.e., those that do not also use the ascending melodic minor scale) are rare in classical music. However, they are common in many folk traditions, including Jewish and Israeli folk music

Music of Israel

The music of Israel is a unique combination of Jewish and non-Jewish music traditions that have come together over the course of a century to create a distinctive musical culture....
, and the Israeli national anthem Hatikvah

Hatikvah

Hati??ah , also ha-Ti??a, is the national anthem of Israel. The anthem was written by Naphtali Herz Imber, a secular Galicia Jew, who moved to Palestine in the early 1880s....
.

Aeolian "flat 5"

This chromatically-altered mode is also known as "Locrian

Locrian mode

The Locrian mode is a musical mode or diatonic scale. It may be considered a minor scale with the second and fifth scale degrees lowered a semi-tone....
sharp 2", Mode VI of the melodic minor scale, or the half diminished scale

Half diminished scale

The half diminished scale is a musical scale more commonly known as "Locrian sharp 2", or "Aeolian flat 5", names which avoid confusion with the diminished scales and the half-diminished seventh chord ....
. It is frequently used in jazz

Jazz

Jazz is a primarily American musical art form which originated at the beginning of the 20th century in African American communities in the Southern United States from a confluence of African and European music traditions....
and rock

Rock music

Rock music is a loosely defined genre of popular music that entered the mainstream in the mid 1950's. It has its roots in 1940s and 1950s rhythm and blues, country music and other influences....
. The latter term is generally avoided by musicians, to avoid confusion with the diminished scales (see octatonic), and the half-diminished seventh chord

Half-diminished seventh chord

In music theory, the half-diminished seventh chord is created by taking the Root , minor third, diminished fifth and minor seventh of any major scale; for example, C half-diminished would be ....
.

External links

at GOSK.com

Aeolian mode

Aeolian "flat 5"

See also

External links