Aboul-Qacem Echebbi
Encyclopedia
Abou-Al-kacem El-chebbi (* 24. February 1909 - 9 October 1934) was a Tunisia
n poet. He is probably best known for writing the final two verses of the current National Anthem of Tunisia, Humat al-Hima (Defenders of the Homeland), that was written originally by the Egypt
ian poet Mustafa Sadik el-Rafii
.
Echebbi was born in Tozeur
, Tunisia, on 24 February 1909, the son of a judge
. He obtained his attatoui diploma (the equivalent of the baccalauréat
) in 1928. In 1930, he obtained a law diploma from the University of Ez-Zitouna
. The same year, he married and subsequently had two sons, Mohamed Sadok, who became a colonel
in the Tunisian army, and Jelal, who later became an engineer
.
He was very interested in modern literature
, in particular, translated romantic literature, as well as old Arab literature. His poetic talent manifested itself at an early age and this poetry covered numerous topics, from the description of nature to patriotism
. His poems appeared in the most prestigious Tunisian and Middle-Eastern reviews. His poem To the tyrants of the world became a popular slogan chant during the 2011 Tunisian and subsequently Egyptian demonstrations.
Echebbi died on 9 October 1934 at the Habib-Thameur Hospital in Tunis, Tunisia following a long history of cardiac disorders. His portrait is on the current 30 DT
note.
Tunisia
Tunisia , officially the Tunisian RepublicThe long name of Tunisia in other languages used in the country is: , is the northernmost country in Africa. It is a Maghreb country and is bordered by Algeria to the west, Libya to the southeast, and the Mediterranean Sea to the north and east. Its area...
n poet. He is probably best known for writing the final two verses of the current National Anthem of Tunisia, Humat al-Hima (Defenders of the Homeland), that was written originally by the Egypt
Egypt
Egypt , officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, Arabic: , is a country mainly in North Africa, with the Sinai Peninsula forming a land bridge in Southwest Asia. Egypt is thus a transcontinental country, and a major power in Africa, the Mediterranean Basin, the Middle East and the Muslim world...
ian poet Mustafa Sadik el-Rafii
Mostafa Saadeq Al-Rafe'ie
Mostafa Saadeq Al-Rafe'i.e. was an Egyptian poet of Lebanese origin, born in Egypt in 1 January 1880, and died in May 1937 in Tanta, Egypt.Mostafa Saadeq Al-Rafe'i.e. became deaf after contracting typhoid fever. Despite his hearing disability and the fact that he was self-taught, he became one of...
.
Echebbi was born in Tozeur
Tozeur
Tozeur is an oasis and a city in south west Tunisia. The city is located North West of Chott el-Djerid, in between this Chott and the smaller Chott el-Gharsa. It is the capital of the Tozeur Governorate....
, Tunisia, on 24 February 1909, the son of a judge
Judge
A judge is a person who presides over court proceedings, either alone or as part of a panel of judges. The powers, functions, method of appointment, discipline, and training of judges vary widely across different jurisdictions. The judge is supposed to conduct the trial impartially and in an open...
. He obtained his attatoui diploma (the equivalent of the baccalauréat
Baccalauréat
The baccalauréat , often known in France colloquially as le bac, is an academic qualification which French and international students take at the end of the lycée . It was introduced by Napoleon I in 1808. It is the main diploma required to pursue university studies...
) in 1928. In 1930, he obtained a law diploma from the University of Ez-Zitouna
University of Ez-Zitouna
Ez-Zitouna University is located in Tunis. It is claimed to be the oldest teaching establishment in the Arab World, since the Ez-Zitouna madrassa was founded in 737 C.E...
. The same year, he married and subsequently had two sons, Mohamed Sadok, who became a colonel
Colonel
Colonel , abbreviated Col or COL, is a military rank of a senior commissioned officer. It or a corresponding rank exists in most armies and in many air forces; the naval equivalent rank is generally "Captain". It is also used in some police forces and other paramilitary rank structures...
in the Tunisian army, and Jelal, who later became an engineer
Engineer
An engineer is a professional practitioner of engineering, concerned with applying scientific knowledge, mathematics and ingenuity to develop solutions for technical problems. Engineers design materials, structures, machines and systems while considering the limitations imposed by practicality,...
.
He was very interested in modern literature
Modern literature
Modern literature can either refer to*modernist literature *modern literature ....
, in particular, translated romantic literature, as well as old Arab literature. His poetic talent manifested itself at an early age and this poetry covered numerous topics, from the description of nature to patriotism
Patriotism
Patriotism is a devotion to one's country, excluding differences caused by the dependencies of the term's meaning upon context, geography and philosophy...
. His poems appeared in the most prestigious Tunisian and Middle-Eastern reviews. His poem To the tyrants of the world became a popular slogan chant during the 2011 Tunisian and subsequently Egyptian demonstrations.
Echebbi died on 9 October 1934 at the Habib-Thameur Hospital in Tunis, Tunisia following a long history of cardiac disorders. His portrait is on the current 30 DT
Tunisian dinar
The dinar is the currency of Tunisia. It is subdivided into 1000 milim or millimes . The abbreviation DT is often used in Tunisia, although writing "dinar" after the amount is also acceptable ; the abbreviation TD is also mentioned in a few places, but is less frequently used, given the common use...
note.
Works
- Ela Toghat Al AlaamEla Toghat Al AlaamEla Toghat Al Alaam is a poem written in the early 1900s by the Tunisian poet Abo Al Qassim Al Shabbi during the French occupation of Tunisia....
(To the tyrants of the world), - Aghani Al-Hayat (canticles of the life),
- Muzakkarat (Memories),
- Raséil (A collection of letters),
- Sadiki (A collection of seminars given to the Alumni Association of the college; caused quite a lot of controversy among conservative literary groups)