1993 in spaceflight - AbsoluteAstronomy.com

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Deep Space Rendezvous

Date (GMT Greenwich Mean Time Greenwich Mean Time is a term originally referring to mean solar time at the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, London. It is arguably the same as Coordinated Universal Time and when this is viewed as a time zone the name Greenwich Mean Time is especially used by bodies connected with the United... )	Spacecraft	Event	Remarks
10 April	Hiten Hiten The Hiten Spacecraft , given the English name Celestial Maiden and known before launch as MUSES-A , part of the MUSES Program, was built by the Institute of Space and Astronautical Science of Japan and launched on January 24, 1990...	Crashed intentionally on the Moon Moon The Moon is Earth's only known natural satellite,There are a number of near-Earth asteroids including 3753 Cruithne that are co-orbital with Earth: their orbits bring them close to Earth for periods of time but then alter in the long term . These are quasi-satellites and not true moons. For more...
22 August	Mars Observer Mars Observer The Mars Observer spacecraft, also known as the Mars Geoscience/Climatology Orbiter, was a 1,018-kilogram robotic space probe launched by NASA on September 25, 1992 to study the Martian surface, atmosphere, climate and magnetic field...	Lost contact prior to orbit insertion
28 August	Galileo	Flyby of 243 Ida 243 Ida 243 Ida is an asteroid in the Koronis family of the asteroid belt. It was discovered on 29 September 1884 by Johann Palisa and named after a nymph from Greek mythology. Later telescopic observations categorized Ida as an S-type asteroid, the most numerous type in the inner asteroid belt. On 28...	Closest approach: 2400 kilometres (1,491.3 mi)

EVAs

Start Date/Time	Duration	End Time	Spacecraft	Crew	Remarks
17 January	4 hours		STS-54 STS-54 -Mission parameters:Mass:Orbiter landing with payload: Payload: Perigee: Apogee: Inclination: 28.5°Period: 90.6 min-Space walks: Harbaugh and Runco – EVA 1*EVA 1 Start: 17 January 1993...	Gregory J. Harbaugh Gregory J. Harbaugh Gregory Jordan Harbaugh is a former NASA Astronaut.- Background & education:Harbaugh was born April 15, 1956, in Cleveland, Ohio, and grew up in Willoughby, Ohio... Mario Runco, Jr. Mario Runco, Jr. Mario Runco, Jr. , is a former mission specialist for NASA. He is an Earth and planetary scientist.- Personal data :Mario was born in the Bronx, New York on January 26, 1952. Raised in the Highbridge section of the Bronx near Yankee Stadium, his family moved to Yonkers, New York in his early teen...	Tested space station construction techniques and mobility techniques.
19 April 17:15	5 hours 25 minutes	22:40	Mir Mir Mir was a space station operated in low Earth orbit from 1986 to 2001, at first by the Soviet Union and then by Russia. Assembled in orbit from 1986 to 1996, Mir was the first modular space station and had a greater mass than that of any previous spacecraft, holding the record for the... EO-13 Kvant-2 Kvant-2 Kvant-2 was the third module and second major addition to the Mir space station. Its primary purpose was to deliver new science experiments, better life support systems, and an airlock to Mir. It was launched on November 26, 1989 on a Proton rocket. It docked to Mir on December 6...	Gennadi Manakov Gennadi Manakov Gennadi Mikhailovich Manakov is a former cosmonaut that commanded two Soyuz flights.Mankov was born in Yefimovka, Orenburg Oblast, Russian SFSR on June 1, 1950. He was selected as a Fluffer on September 2, 1985 and flew as Commander on Soyuz TM-10 and Soyuz TM-16, retiring on December 20, 1996. He...	Used the Strela boom to install an electric motor on the Kvant-1 Kvant-1 Kvant-1 was the second module of the Soviet space station Mir. It was the first addition to the Mir base block and contained scientific instruments for astrophysical observations and materials science experiments.... module for solar arrays originally installed on the Kristall Kristall The Kristall module was the fourth module and the third major addition to the Mir space station. As with previous modules, its configuration was based on the 77K module, and was originally named "Kvant 3". It was launched on May 31, 1990 on a Proton rocket... module. After the installation, Poleshchuk noticed that one of the handles on the Strela boom had become loose and drifted away from Mir. The loss of the Strela handle meant the next EVA would have to be delayed until a new handle could be lifted to orbit the next Progress supply launch.
18 June 17:25	4 hours 33 minutes	21:58	Mir EO-13 Kvant-2	Gennadi Manakov Aleksandr Poleschuk	After receiving the replacement part, Manakov and Poleshchuk first repaired the Strela boom and then installed the second electric drive for the solar array.
25 June	5 hours 50 minutes		STS-57 STS-57 STS-57 was a Shuttle-Spacehab mission of that launched 21 June 1993 from Kennedy Space Center, Florida.-Crew:-Mission parameters:Mass:Orbiter landing with payload: *Payload: Perigee: Apogee:... Endeavour*	G. David Low G. David Low George David Low was an American aerospace executive and a NASA astronaut.- Personal :Low was born February 19, 1956, in Cleveland, Ohio and was active in the Boy Scouts of America where he achieved its second highest rank, Life Scout. He was married to the former JoAnn Andochick of Weirton, West... Peter Wisoff	Helped secure the antenna on the captured EURECA satellite in its stored position for return to earth. Then both spacewalkers practiced construction maneuvers on the RMS.
16 September 05:57	4 hours 18 minutes	10:16	Mir EO-14 Kvant-2	Vasily Tsibliyev Aleksandr Serebrov Aleksandr Serebrov Aleksandr Aleksandrovich Serebrov is a former Soviet cosmonaut. He was born in Moscow, on February 15, 1944, graduated from Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology , and was selected as a cosmonaut on December 1, 1978. He retired on May 10, 1995...	Began assembly of the experimental Rapana truss structure.
08:40	7 hours 5 minutes	15:45	STS-51 STS-51 STS-51 was a Space Shuttle Discovery mission that launched the Advanced Communications Technology Satellite ACTS in September 1993. The flight also featured the deployment and retrieval of the SPAS-ORFEUS satellite and its IMAX camera, which captured spectacular footage of Discovery in space...	James H. Newman James H. Newman James Hansen Newman is an American physicist and a former NASA astronaut who flew on four Space Shuttle missions..- Personal data :... Carl E. Walz Carl E. Walz Carl Erwin Walz is a former NASA astronaut currently working for Orbital Sciences Corporation's Advanced Programs Group as Vice President for Human Space Flight Operations. Walz was formerly assigned to the Exploration Systems Mission Directorate at NASA Headquarters in Washington, DC...	Carried out tests on tools, tethers, and a foot restraint system in anticipation of the repair of the Hubble Space Telescope Hubble Space Telescope The Hubble Space Telescope is a space telescope that was carried into orbit by a Space Shuttle in 1990 and remains in operation. A 2.4 meter aperture telescope in low Earth orbit, Hubble's four main instruments observe in the near ultraviolet, visible, and near infrared... . A stuck tool chest lid slowed the closeout of spacewalk for at least 45 minutes.
20 September 03:51	3 hours 13 minutes	07:05	Mir EO-14 Kvant-2	Vasily Tsibliyev Aleksandr Serebrov	Completed assembly of the Rapana truss.
28 September 00:57	1 hour 52 minutes	02:48	Mir EO-14 Kvant-2	Vasily Tsibliyev Aleksandr Serebrov	Inspected the Mir exterior for damage from the recent Perseid meteoroid shower Perseids The Perseids are a prolific meteor shower associated with the comet Swift-Tuttle. The Perseids are so-called because the point from which they appear to come, called the radiant, lies in the constellation Perseus. The name derives in part from the word Perseides , a term found in Greek mythology... . The most notable damage they found was a 5 millimetre (0.196850393700787 in) hole on one of the solar arrays.
22 October 15:47	38 minutes	16:25	Mir EO-14 Kvant-2	Vasily Tsibliyev Aleksandr Serebrov	Continued their inspection of the Mir exterior for damage from the Perseids.
29 October 13:38	4 hours 12 minutes	17:50	Mir EO-14 Kvant-2	Vasily Tsibliyev Aleksandr Serebrov	Completed their inspection of the entire outer surface of the Mir. They observed several marks on the hull, there were no complete penetrations. The spacewalking team did notice an unidentified piece of metal drifting by the orbital complex during their inspections.
5 December 03:44	7 hours 54 minutes	11:38	STS-61 STS-61 STS-61 was the first Hubble Space Telescope servicing mission, and the fifth flight of the Space Shuttle Endeavour. The mission launched on 2 December 1993 from Kennedy Space Center in Florida. The mission restored the spaceborne observatory's vision, marred by spherical aberration, with the... Endeavour	Story Musgrave Story Musgrave Franklin Story Musgrave is an American physician and a retired NASA astronaut. He is currently a public speaker and consultant to both Disney's Imagineering group and Applied Minds in California.-Personal life:... Jeffrey A. Hoffman Jeffrey A. Hoffman Jeffrey Alan Hoffman, Ph.D. is an American former NASA astronaut and currently a professor of aeronautics and astronautics at MIT....	HST Hubble Space Telescope The Hubble Space Telescope is a space telescope that was carried into orbit by a Space Shuttle in 1990 and remains in operation. A 2.4 meter aperture telescope in low Earth orbit, Hubble's four main instruments observe in the near ultraviolet, visible, and near infrared... servicing: Replaced two sets of gryoscopes and electrical control units, as well as a set of eight fuses. The spacewalks had considerable difficulty closing the latches on the doors due to thermal expansion of the closure bolts. Before re-entering the shuttle, the team prepared the payload bay for the next EVA.
6 December 03:29	6 hours 36 minutes	10:05	STS-61 Endeavour	Kathryn C. Thornton Kathryn C. Thornton Kathryn Ryan Cordell Thornton is an American scientist and a former NASA astronaut with over 975 hours in space, including 21 hours of extravehicular activity... Thomas Akers Thomas Akers Thomas Dale Akers is a former astronaut in the United States Space Shuttle program.-Education:He graduated from the University of Missouri–Rolla with B.S. and M.S...	HST servicing: Thorton rode the RMS to handle the solar arrays while Akers made the cable connections as the team replaced two solar arrays on Hubble. One array was discarded into space, and one array was furled and stowed for return to earth.
7 December 03:35	6 hours 47 minutes	10:22	STS-61 Endeavour	Story Musgrave Jeffrey A. Hoffman	HST servicing: Replaced the WFPC Wide Field and Planetary Camera The Wide Field/Planetary Camera was a camera installed on the Hubble Space Telescope until December 1993. It was one of the instruments on Hubble at launch, but its functionality was severely impaired by the defects of the main mirror optics which afflicted the telescope... with WFPC 2 Wide Field and Planetary Camera 2 The Wide Field and Planetary Camera 2 is a baby grand piano sized camera built by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory and formerly installed on the Hubble Space Telescope. It was installed by servicing mission 1 in 1993, replacing the telescope's original Wide Field and Planetary Camera... and two magnetometers.
8 December 03:13	7 hours 21 minutes	10:03	STS-61 Endeavour	Kathryn C. Thornton Thomas Akers	HST servicing: Replaced Hubble's High Speed Photometer High Speed Photometer The High Speed Photometer was a scientific instrument installed on the Hubble Space Telescope. The HSP was designed to measure the brightness and polarity of rapidly varying celestial objects. It could observe in ultraviolet, visible light, and near infrared at a rate of one measurement per 10... (HSP) with the Corrective Optics Space Telescope Axial Replacement Corrective Optics Space Telescope Axial Replacement The Corrective Optics Space Telescope Axial Replacement is the instrument designed to correct Hubble Space Telescope's spherical aberration for light focused at the FOC, FOS and GHRS instruments. Built by Ball Aerospace Corp., it replaced the High Speed Photometer during the first Hubble... (COSTAR). This replacement fixed the spherical aberration in Hubble's mirror. The HSP was stowed for return to earth.
9 December 03:30	7 hours 21 minutes	10:51	STS-61 Endeavour	Story Musgrave Jeffrey A. Hoffman	HST servicing: Replaced the electronics for the solar array drive motors. They also placed some made-on-Endeavour covers over the new magnetometers to protect them from debris.

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