13th Ohio Infantry
Encyclopedia
The 13th Ohio Volunteer Infantry (or 13th OVI) was an infantry
regiment
in the Union Army
during the American Civil War
.
in April 20-May 7, 1861 under Colonel
A. S. Piatt in response to President Lincoln's call for 75,000 volunteers. The regiment moved to Camp Dennison
near Cincinnati, Ohio
on May 9 and remained on duty there until June 22 when it was reorganized as a three-years regiment. Men who enlisted in the three-month regiment were mustered out August 14–25, 1861.
.
The regiment was attached to 2nd Brigade, Army of Occupation, Western Virginia, to September 1861. Bonham's Brigade, District of the Kanawha, Western Virginia, to October 1861. 1st Brigade, Kanawha Division
Western Virginia, to November 1861. 17th Brigade, Army of the Ohio
, to December 1861. 17th Brigade, 3rd Division, Army of the Ohio, to April 1862. 14th Brigade, 5th Division, Army of the Ohio, to September 1862. 14th Brigade, 5th Division, II Corps, Army of the Ohio, to November 1862. 2nd Brigade, 3rd Division, Left Wing, XIV Corps, Army of the Cumberland
, to January 1863. 2nd Brigade, 3rd Division, XXI Corps, Army of the Cumberland, to October 1863. 3rd Brigade, 3rd Division, IV Corps, to June 1865. 2nd Brigade, 3rd Division, IV Corps, to August 1865. Central District of Texas to October 1865. Sub-District of San Antonio, Central District of Texas, to December 1865.
After the three-year enlistments expired in June 1864, recruits and veterans who reenlisted were consolidated into a battalion
of four companies. The 13th Ohio Infantry mustered out of service at San Antonio, Texas
on December 5, 1865.
Infantry
Infantrymen are soldiers who are specifically trained for the role of fighting on foot to engage the enemy face to face and have historically borne the brunt of the casualties of combat in wars. As the oldest branch of combat arms, they are the backbone of armies...
regiment
Regiment
A regiment is a major tactical military unit, composed of variable numbers of batteries, squadrons or battalions, commanded by a colonel or lieutenant colonel...
in the Union Army
Union Army
The Union Army was the land force that fought for the Union during the American Civil War. It was also known as the Federal Army, the U.S. Army, the Northern Army and the National Army...
during the American Civil War
American Civil War
The American Civil War was a civil war fought in the United States of America. In response to the election of Abraham Lincoln as President of the United States, 11 southern slave states declared their secession from the United States and formed the Confederate States of America ; the other 25...
.
Three-months regiment
The 13th Ohio Infantry organized at Columbus, OhioColumbus, Ohio
Columbus is the capital of and the largest city in the U.S. state of Ohio. The broader metropolitan area encompasses several counties and is the third largest in Ohio behind those of Cleveland and Cincinnati. Columbus is the third largest city in the American Midwest, and the fifteenth largest city...
in April 20-May 7, 1861 under Colonel
Colonel (United States)
In the United States Army, Air Force, and Marine Corps, colonel is a senior field grade military officer rank just above the rank of lieutenant colonel and just below the rank of brigadier general...
A. S. Piatt in response to President Lincoln's call for 75,000 volunteers. The regiment moved to Camp Dennison
Camp Dennison
Camp Dennison was a military recruiting, training, and medical post for the United States Army during the American Civil War. It was located near Cincinnati, Ohio, not far from the Ohio River. The camp was named for Cincinnati native William Dennison, Ohio's governor at the start of the war.With...
near Cincinnati, Ohio
Cincinnati, Ohio
Cincinnati is a city in the U.S. state of Ohio. Cincinnati is the county seat of Hamilton County. Settled in 1788, the city is located to north of the Ohio River at the Ohio-Kentucky border, near Indiana. The population within city limits is 296,943 according to the 2010 census, making it Ohio's...
on May 9 and remained on duty there until June 22 when it was reorganized as a three-years regiment. Men who enlisted in the three-month regiment were mustered out August 14–25, 1861.
Three-years regiment
The 13th Ohio Infantry was reorganized at Camp Dennison and mustered in for three years service on June 22, 1861 under the command of Colonel William Sooy SmithWilliam Sooy Smith
William Sooy Smith was a West Point graduate and career United States Army officer who rose through the ranks to become a brigadier general in the Union Army during the American Civil War....
.
The regiment was attached to 2nd Brigade, Army of Occupation, Western Virginia, to September 1861. Bonham's Brigade, District of the Kanawha, Western Virginia, to October 1861. 1st Brigade, Kanawha Division
Kanawha Division
The Kanawha Division was a Union Army division which could trace its origins back to a brigade originally commanded by Jacob D. Cox. This division served in western Virginia and Maryland and was at times led by such famous personalities as George Crook and Rutherford B. Hayes.-Kanawha Brigade:On...
Western Virginia, to November 1861. 17th Brigade, Army of the Ohio
Army of the Ohio
The Army of the Ohio was the name of two Union armies in the American Civil War. The first army became the Army of the Cumberland and the second army was created in 1863.-History:...
, to December 1861. 17th Brigade, 3rd Division, Army of the Ohio, to April 1862. 14th Brigade, 5th Division, Army of the Ohio, to September 1862. 14th Brigade, 5th Division, II Corps, Army of the Ohio, to November 1862. 2nd Brigade, 3rd Division, Left Wing, XIV Corps, Army of the Cumberland
Army of the Cumberland
The Army of the Cumberland was one of the principal Union armies in the Western Theater during the American Civil War. It was originally known as the Army of the Ohio.-History:...
, to January 1863. 2nd Brigade, 3rd Division, XXI Corps, Army of the Cumberland, to October 1863. 3rd Brigade, 3rd Division, IV Corps, to June 1865. 2nd Brigade, 3rd Division, IV Corps, to August 1865. Central District of Texas to October 1865. Sub-District of San Antonio, Central District of Texas, to December 1865.
After the three-year enlistments expired in June 1864, recruits and veterans who reenlisted were consolidated into a battalion
Battalion
A battalion is a military unit of around 300–1,200 soldiers usually consisting of between two and seven companies and typically commanded by either a Lieutenant Colonel or a Colonel...
of four companies. The 13th Ohio Infantry mustered out of service at San Antonio, Texas
San Antonio, Texas
San Antonio is the seventh-largest city in the United States of America and the second-largest city within the state of Texas, with a population of 1.33 million. Located in the American Southwest and the south–central part of Texas, the city serves as the seat of Bexar County. In 2011,...
on December 5, 1865.
Detailed service
Left Ohio for Parkersburg, W. Va., June 30, 1861. West Virginia Campaign July 6–17, 1861. Moved to Oakland, W. Va., July 14. Expedition to Greenland Gap July 15–16. Duty at Sutton until September. Battle of Carnifex Ferry September 10. At Gauley Bridge until November. Operations in the Kanawha Valley and New River Region October 19-November 16. Gauley Bridge November 3. Pursuit of Floyd November 12–16. Cotton Hill and Laurel Creek November 12. McCoy's Mills November 15. Ordered to Louisville, Ky., and camp at Jeffersonville, Ind., until December 11. Near Elizabethtown, Ky., until December 26, and at Bacon Creek until February 10, 1862. Advance on Bowling Green, Ky., and Nashville, Tenn., February 10–25. Occupation of Nashville until March 17. March to Savannah, Tenn., March 17-April 6. Battle of Shiloh April 6–7. Advance on and siege of Corinth, Miss., April 29-May 30. Buell's Campaign in northern Alabama and middle Tennessee June to August. March to Louisville, Ky., in pursuit of Bragg August 21-September 26. Pursuit of Bragg into Kentucky October 1–16. Battle of Perryville October 8 (reserve). March to Nashville, Tenn., October 16-November 7. Duty there until December 26. Action at Rural Hill November 18. Advance on Murfreesboro, Tenn., December 26–30. Battle of Stones River December 30–31, 1862 and January 1–3, 1863. Duty at Murfreesboro until June. Stones River Ford, McMinnville, June 4. Tullahoma Campaign June 22-July 7. Liberty Gap June 22–24. Occupation of middle Tennessee until August 16. Passage of Cumberland Mountains and Tennessee River, and Chickamauga Campaign August 16-September 22. Battle of Chickamauga, September 19–20. Missionary Ridge September 22. Siege of Chattanooga September 24-November 23. Chattanooga-Ringgold Campaign November 23–27. Orchard Knob November 23. Missionary Ridge November 24–25. Pursuit to Graysville November 26–27. March to relief of Knoxville, Tenn., November 28-December 3. Operations in eastern Tennessee until April 1864. Atlanta Campaign May 1-September 8. Demonstrations on Rocky Faced Ridge and Dalton, Ga., May 8–13. Battle of Resaca May 14–15. Adairsville May 17. Near Kingston May 18–19. Near Cassville May 19. Advance on Dallas May 22–25. Operations on Pumpkin Vine Creek and battles about Dallas, New Hope Church and Allatoona Hills May 25-June 5. Pickett's Mills May 27. Operations about Marietta and against Kennesaw Mountain June 10-July 2. Pine Hill June 10–14. Lost Mountain June 15–17. Non-veterans mustered out June 21, 1864. Veterans and recruits consolidated to a battalion. Assault on Kennesaw June 27. Ruff's Station, Smyrna Camp Ground, July 4. Chattahoochie River July 5–17. Peachtree Creek July 19–20. Siege of Atlanta July 22-August 25. Flank movement on Jonesboro August 25–30. Battle of Jonesboro August 31-September 1. Lovejoy's Station September 2–6. Operations against Hood in northern Georgia and northern Alabama September 29-November 3. Nashville Campaign November-December. Columbia, Duck River, November 24–27. Battle of Franklin November 30. Battle of Nashville December 15–16. Pursuit of Hood to the Tennessee River December 17–28. Moved to Huntsville and duty there until March 1865. Operations in eastern Tennessee March 16-April 22. Duty at Nashville until June. Moved to New Orleans, La., June 16, thence to Texas. Duty at Green Lake until September 4, and at San Antonio, Texas until December.Casualties
The regiment lost a total of 221 men during service; 8 officers and 109 enlisted men killed or mortally wounded, 2 officers and 102 enlisted men died of disease.Commanders
- Colonel A. S. Piatt
- Colonel William Sooy Smith
- Colonel Joseph C. Hawkins
- Lieutenant ColonelLieutenant Colonel (United States)In the United States Army, United States Air Force, and United States Marine Corps, a lieutenant colonel is a field grade military officer rank just above the rank of major and just below the rank of colonel. It is equivalent to the naval rank of commander in the other uniformed services.The pay...
Elhannon M. Mast - commanded at the battle of Chickamauga; killed in action - MajorMajor (United States)In the United States Army, Air Force, and Marine Corps, major is a field grade military officer rank just above the rank of captain and just below the rank of lieutenant colonel...
Dwight Jarvis, Jr. - commanded at the battle of Stones River - Major Joseph T. Snider - commanded the battalion at the battle of Nashville
- Captain Horatio G. Cosgrove - commanded at the battle of Chickamauga following Ltc Mast's death
See also
- List of Ohio Civil War units
- Ohio in the Civil WarOhio in the Civil WarDuring the American Civil War, the State of Ohio played a key role in providing troops, military officers, and supplies to the Union army. Due to its central location in the Northern United States and burgeoning population, Ohio was both politically and logistically important to the war effort...