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11th Air Defense Artillery Brigade (United States)
Encyclopedia
The 11th Air Defense Artillery Brigade is an air defense artillery
brigade
of the United States Army
stationed at Fort Bliss
.
, New York. Redesignated 3 July 1916 as the 3d Company, Fort Terry (New York). Redesignated 31 August 1917 as the 13th Company, Coast Defense of Long Island Sound. Redesignated in December 1917 as Battery A, 56th Artillery (Coast Artillery Corps). Demobilized 31 July 1921 at Camp Jackson, South Carolina.
Reconstituted 1 June 1922 in the Regular Army; concurrently consolidated with the 4th Company, Coast Defenses of Long Island Sound (organized in June 1917 as the 7th Company, Fort H.G. Wright (New York); redesignated 31 August 1917 as the redesignated as the 133d Company, Coast Artillery Corps.
Headquarters and Headquarters Battery, 11th Antiaircraft Artillery Group was constituted 19 December 1942 in the Army of the United States as Headquarters and Headquarters Battery, 11th Antiaircraft Automatic Weapons Group. Activated 20 January 1943 at Camp Davis
, North Carolina. Redesignated 26 May 1943 as Headquarters and Headquarters Battery, 11th Antiaircraft Artillery Group. Inactivated 6 October 1945 in Germany. Allotted 9 December 1948 to the Regular Army. Activated 15 January 1949 at Fort Bliss, Texas.
in which, prior to its deployment, consisted of the following:
1st Battalion, 2d ADA (Chaparral)
2d Battalion, 7th ADA (Patriot)
3d Battalion, 43d ADA (Patriot)
2nd Battalion, 1st ADA (Hawk)
The 1st Battalion, 2d ADA was left behind at Fort Stewart when the brigade deployed. Battery D, 1st Battalion, 7th ADA (Patriot) was attached from 94th ADA Brigade, 32d AADCOM in Europe, and 2d Battalion, 43d ADA was attached from 10th ADA Bde, 32d AADCOM.
Writer Thomas D. Dinackus notes that every battalion that was part of the brigade received the Valorous Unit Award
, despite three of the battalions (those not equipped with Patriot) not having fired a single shot in anger.
Air Defense Artillery
The Air Defense Artillery branch descended from the Anti-Aircraft Artillery into a separate branch on 20 June 1968...
brigade
Brigade
A brigade is a major tactical military formation that is typically composed of two to five battalions, plus supporting elements depending on the era and nationality of a given army and could be perceived as an enlarged/reinforced regiment...
of the United States Army
United States Army
The United States Army is the main branch of the United States Armed Forces responsible for land-based military operations. It is the largest and oldest established branch of the U.S. military, and is one of seven U.S. uniformed services...
stationed at Fort Bliss
Fort Bliss
Fort Bliss is a United States Army post in the U.S. states of New Mexico and Texas. With an area of about , it is the Army's second-largest installation behind the adjacent White Sands Missile Range. It is FORSCOM's largest installation, and has the Army's largest Maneuver Area behind the...
.
Organization
- 11th Air Defense Artillery Brigade
- Headquarters and Headquarters Battery
- 1st Battalion, 43rd Air Defense Artillery Regiment (United States)]] (PatriotMIM-104 PatriotThe MIM-104 Patriot is a surface-to-air missile system, the primary of its kind used by the United States Army and several allied nations. It is manufactured by the Raytheon Company of the United States. The Patriot System replaced the Nike Hercules system as the U.S. Army's primary High to Medium...
) - 2nd Battalion, 43rd Air Defense Artillery Regiment (Patriot)
- 3rd Battalion, 43rd Air Defense Artillery Regiment (Patriot)
- 5th Battalion, 52nd Air Defense Artillery Regiment (United States)]] (Patriot)
- Battery A, 2nd Air Defense Artillery Regiment (United States)2nd Air Defense Artillery Regiment (United States)The 2nd Air Defense Artillery Regiment is an air defense artillery regiment of the United States Army first formed in 1821.-Lineage:Constituted 1 June 1821 in the Regular Army as the 2nd Regiment of Artillery and organized from existing units with Headquarters at Baltimore, MarylandRegiment broken...
(THAADTerminal High Altitude Area DefenseTerminal High Altitude Area Defense , formerly Theater High Altitude Area Defense, is a United States Army system to shoot down short, medium, and intermediate ballistic missiles in their terminal phase using a hit-to-kill approach. The missile carries no warhead but relies on the kinetic energy...
) - Battery A, 4th Air Defense Artillery Regiment (United States)4th Air Defense Artillery Regiment (United States)The 4th Air Defense Artillery Regiment was constituted 1 June 1821 in the Regular Army as the 4th Regiment of Artillery and organized from new and existing units with Headquarters at Pensacola, Florida...
(THAAD)
Lineage
The unit was initially constituted 25 January 1907 in the Regular Army as the 133d Company, Coast Artillery Corps. Organized 1 August 1907 at Fort TerryFort Terry
Fort Terry was a coastal fortification on Plum Island, a small island just off Orient Point, New York, USA. This strategic position afforded it a commanding view over the Atlantic entrance to the commercially vital Long Island Sound. It was established in 1897 and used intermittently through the...
, New York. Redesignated 3 July 1916 as the 3d Company, Fort Terry (New York). Redesignated 31 August 1917 as the 13th Company, Coast Defense of Long Island Sound. Redesignated in December 1917 as Battery A, 56th Artillery (Coast Artillery Corps). Demobilized 31 July 1921 at Camp Jackson, South Carolina.
Reconstituted 1 June 1922 in the Regular Army; concurrently consolidated with the 4th Company, Coast Defenses of Long Island Sound (organized in June 1917 as the 7th Company, Fort H.G. Wright (New York); redesignated 31 August 1917 as the redesignated as the 133d Company, Coast Artillery Corps.
- Redesignated 1 July 1924 as Headquarters Battery, 11th Coast Artillery (Headquarters, 11th Coast Artillery, concurrently constituted and activated at Fort H.G. Wright, New York). Inactivated 7 April 1944 at Fort Leonard WoodFort Leonard Wood (military base)Fort Leonard Wood is a United States Army installation located in the Missouri Ozarks. The main gate is located on the southern boundary of St. Robert. The post was created in December 1940 and named in honor of General Leonard Wood, former Chief of Staff, in January 1941...
, Missouri. Disbanded 14 June 1944.
- Headquarters and Headquarters Battery, 11th Coast Artillery, reconstituted 28 June 1950 in the Regular Army; concurrently consolidated with Headquarters and Headquarters Battery, 11th Antiaircraft Artillery Group (active), and Antiaircraft Artillery Group. Inactivated 27 April 1953 at Fort TildenFort TildenFort Tilden, also known as Fort Tilden Historic District, is a former United States Army installation in the New York City borough of Queens and part of Gateway National Recreation Area. It is located on the Rockaway Peninsula between Jacob Riis Park to the east and Breezy Point to the west...
, New York. Activated 15 January 1955 at Camp Stewart, Georgia. Redesignated 20 March 1958 as Headquarters and Headquarters Battery, 11th Artillery Group. Inactivated 26 August 1960 at Rehoboth Defense Area, Massachusetts.
- Activated 1 May 1967 at Fort Carson, Colorado. Headquarters and Headquarters Battery 11th Air Defense Artillery was inactivated 26 May 1967 at Fort Carson, Colorado. Activated 1 September 1971 at Fort BlissFort BlissFort Bliss is a United States Army post in the U.S. states of New Mexico and Texas. With an area of about , it is the Army's second-largest installation behind the adjacent White Sands Missile Range. It is FORSCOM's largest installation, and has the Army's largest Maneuver Area behind the...
, Texas. Redesignated 15 March 1972 as Headquarters and Headquarters Battery, 11th Air Defense Artillery Group. Reorganized and redesignated 16 December 1980 as Headquarters and Headquarters Battery, 11th Air Defense Artillery Brigade.
Headquarters and Headquarters Battery, 11th Antiaircraft Artillery Group was constituted 19 December 1942 in the Army of the United States as Headquarters and Headquarters Battery, 11th Antiaircraft Automatic Weapons Group. Activated 20 January 1943 at Camp Davis
Camp Davis
Marine Corps Outlying Field Camp Davis is a military use airport located southeast of the central business district of Holly Ridge, in Onslow County, North Carolina, United States...
, North Carolina. Redesignated 26 May 1943 as Headquarters and Headquarters Battery, 11th Antiaircraft Artillery Group. Inactivated 6 October 1945 in Germany. Allotted 9 December 1948 to the Regular Army. Activated 15 January 1949 at Fort Bliss, Texas.
Recent History
The brigade served in the Persian Gulf WarGulf War
The Persian Gulf War , commonly referred to as simply the Gulf War, was a war waged by a U.N.-authorized coalition force from 34 nations led by the United States, against Iraq in response to Iraq's invasion and annexation of Kuwait.The war is also known under other names, such as the First Gulf...
in which, prior to its deployment, consisted of the following:
1st Battalion, 2d ADA (Chaparral)
2d Battalion, 7th ADA (Patriot)
3d Battalion, 43d ADA (Patriot)
2nd Battalion, 1st ADA (Hawk)
MIM-23 Hawk
The Raytheon MIM-23 Hawk is a U.S. medium range surface-to-air missile. The Hawk was initially designed to destroy aircraft and was later adapted to destroy other missiles in flight. The missile entered service in 1960, and a program of extensive upgrades has kept it from becoming obsolete. It was...
The 1st Battalion, 2d ADA was left behind at Fort Stewart when the brigade deployed. Battery D, 1st Battalion, 7th ADA (Patriot) was attached from 94th ADA Brigade, 32d AADCOM in Europe, and 2d Battalion, 43d ADA was attached from 10th ADA Bde, 32d AADCOM.
Writer Thomas D. Dinackus notes that every battalion that was part of the brigade received the Valorous Unit Award
Valorous Unit Award
The Valorous Unit Award is the second highest unit decoration which may be bestowed upon a U.S. Army unit and is considered the unit equivalent of the Silver Star...
, despite three of the battalions (those not equipped with Patriot) not having fired a single shot in anger.