Álvaro de Bazán, 2nd Marquis of Santa Cruz
Encyclopedia
Álvaro de Bazán, 2nd Marquis of Santa Cruz, a.k.a. Álvaro de Bazán y Benavides, a.k.a. Alvaro II de Bazán, (Naples
, Italy
, 12 September 1571 – 1646), was the son of Álvaro de Bazán, 1st Marquis of Santa Cruz
.
Not as famous as his father, Alvaro II had nevertheless a distinguished military career, as well as on land as on sea.
He was Governor of the Duchy of Milan (1630–1631), Maestro de Campo General in Flanders
under the Governess of the Spanish Netherlands Isabel Clara Eugenia (1631), a Spanish Navy commander and Army land General during the Thirty Years War, Member of the Spanish Councils of War and the State Council, Marquis of El Viso
, Lord of Valdepeñas
, and a Grandee of Spain.
Älvaro II main military actions were:
He was married in 1590, in Almagro
, Spain, to Guiomar Manrique de Lara. Their descendents included two sons and five daughters.
Naples
Naples is a city in Southern Italy, situated on the country's west coast by the Gulf of Naples. Lying between two notable volcanic regions, Mount Vesuvius and the Phlegraean Fields, it is the capital of the region of Campania and of the province of Naples...
, Italy
Italy
Italy , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...
, 12 September 1571 – 1646), was the son of Álvaro de Bazán, 1st Marquis of Santa Cruz
Álvaro de Bazán, 1st Marquis of Santa Cruz
Álvaro de Bazán, 1st Marquis of Santa Cruz de Mudela , was a Spanish admiral.-Biography:Álvaro de Bazán was born in Granada....
.
Not as famous as his father, Alvaro II had nevertheless a distinguished military career, as well as on land as on sea.
He was Governor of the Duchy of Milan (1630–1631), Maestro de Campo General in Flanders
Flanders
Flanders is the community of the Flemings but also one of the institutions in Belgium, and a geographical region located in parts of present-day Belgium, France and the Netherlands. "Flanders" can also refer to the northern part of Belgium that contains Brussels, Bruges, Ghent and Antwerp...
under the Governess of the Spanish Netherlands Isabel Clara Eugenia (1631), a Spanish Navy commander and Army land General during the Thirty Years War, Member of the Spanish Councils of War and the State Council, Marquis of El Viso
El Viso
El Viso is a city located in the province of Córdoba, Spain. According to the 2006 census , the city has a population of 2849 inhabitants.-External links:* - Sistema de Información Multiterritorial de Andalucía...
, Lord of Valdepeñas
Valdepeñas
Valdepeñas is a municipality in the province of Ciudad Real, in the autonomous community of Castile-La Mancha, Spain. It is also the seat of the judicial district that covers the localities of Moral de Calatrava, Santa Cruz de Mudela, Viso del Marqués, Torrenueva, Castellar de Santiago and...
, and a Grandee of Spain.
Älvaro II main military actions were:
- 1596 Defense of CádizCádizCadiz is a city and port in southwestern Spain. It is the capital of the homonymous province, one of eight which make up the autonomous community of Andalusia....
against the attack of the English FleetCapture of CadizThe Capture of Cádiz in 1596 was an event during the Anglo-Spanish War, when English and Dutch troops under Robert Devereux, 2nd Earl of Essex and a large Anglo-Dutch fleet under Charles Howard, 1st Earl of Nottingham, with support from the Dutch United Provinces, raided the Spanish city of...
sent by Queen Elizabeth I of EnglandElizabeth I of EnglandElizabeth I was queen regnant of England and Ireland from 17 November 1558 until her death. Sometimes called The Virgin Queen, Gloriana, or Good Queen Bess, Elizabeth was the fifth and last monarch of the Tudor dynasty...
. - 1603 Captain General of the Galleys of the kingdom of NaplesNaplesNaples is a city in Southern Italy, situated on the country's west coast by the Gulf of Naples. Lying between two notable volcanic regions, Mount Vesuvius and the Phlegraean Fields, it is the capital of the region of Campania and of the province of Naples...
. - 1604 Naval actions in the Mediterranean African Coast, Longo Island.
- 1605 Siege and Conquest of Estarcho and the City of Durazzo, on the AlbanianAlbaniaAlbania , officially known as the Republic of Albania , is a country in Southeastern Europe, in the Balkans region. It is bordered by Montenegro to the northwest, Kosovo to the northeast, the Republic of Macedonia to the east and Greece to the south and southeast. It has a coast on the Adriatic Sea...
Coast - 1612 In May, commanding the NaplesNaplesNaples is a city in Southern Italy, situated on the country's west coast by the Gulf of Naples. Lying between two notable volcanic regions, Mount Vesuvius and the Phlegraean Fields, it is the capital of the region of Campania and of the province of Naples...
kingdom Fleet of Galleys, with Ottavio d'Aragona commanding those of the kingdom of SicilySicilySicily is a region of Italy, and is the largest island in the Mediterranean Sea. Along with the surrounding minor islands, it constitutes an autonomous region of Italy, the Regione Autonoma Siciliana Sicily has a rich and unique culture, especially with regard to the arts, music, literature,...
, sink several galleys from AlgiersAlgiers' is the capital and largest city of Algeria. According to the 1998 census, the population of the city proper was 1,519,570 and that of the urban agglomeration was 2,135,630. In 2009, the population was about 3,500,000...
. - 1614 Take part in the transport to North Africa of moriscoMoriscoMoriscos or Mouriscos , meaning "Moorish", were the converted Christian inhabitants of Spain and Portugal of Muslim heritage. Over time the term was used in a pejorative sense applied to those nominal Catholics who were suspected of secretly practicing Islam.-Demographics:By the beginning of the...
´s from Spain not willing to become Roman Catholics while living in mainland Spain. - 1622 Takes part in an African expedition.
- 1625 Relieved GenoaRelief of GenoaThe Relief of Genoa took place between 28 March 1625 and 24 April 1625, during the Thirty Years' War. It was a major naval expedition launched by Spain against the French-occupied Republic of Genoa, of which the capital Genoa was being besieged by a joint Franco-Savoyard-Dutch army composed of...
under siege from the France and the Duchy of SavoyDuchy of SavoyFrom 1416 to 1847, the House of Savoy ruled the eponymous Duchy of Savoy . The Duchy was a state in the northern part of the Italian Peninsula, with some territories that are now in France. It was a continuation of the County of Savoy...
. His action was immortalized in the painting Relief of Genoa by the Marquis of Santa Cruz (1634) by Antonio de PeredaAntonio de PeredaAntonio de Pereda was a Spanish Baroque-era painter, best known for his still lifes. Pereda was born in Valladolid. He was the eldest of three brothers from an artistic family. His father, mother and two brothers were all painters. He was educated in Madrid by Pedro de las Cuevas and was taken... - 1629 Commander of the Mediterranean Galleys.
- 1630–1631 Appointed Governor of the Duchy of Milan on the death of Ambrosio Spinola.
- 1631 General Governor of the Army of FlandersArmy of FlandersThe Army of Flanders was a Spanish Habsburg army based in the Netherlands during the 16th to 18th centuries. It was notable for being the longest standing army of the period, being in continuous service from 1567 until its disestablishment in 1706...
.
He was married in 1590, in Almagro
Almagro
Almagro may refer to:*Diego de Almagro , Spanish explorer*Diego Almagro II , assassin of Spanish conquistador Francisco Pizarro*Nicolás Almagro , Spanish tennis player*Almagro, Buenos Aires...
, Spain, to Guiomar Manrique de Lara. Their descendents included two sons and five daughters.
The evolution of the title since the middle of the XVII Century
- Mauro Alvaro, the eldest male, was 3rd Marquis, marrying on 22 October 1627, GenoeseGenoeseGenoese may refer to:* A person from Genoa* The Genoese dialect a variant of main Ligurian language* The Republic of Genoa, a state in Liguria from ca. 1100 to 1805 with various possessions in the Mediterranean...
noble woman Maria Francesca Doria, a daughter of Carlo I Doria del Carretto, 1st duke of Tursi, a Grandee of Spain with many other lesser titles, (GenoaGenoaGenoa |Ligurian]] Zena ; Latin and, archaically, English Genua) is a city and an important seaport in northern Italy, the capital of the Province of Genoa and of the region of Liguria....
, ItalyItalyItaly , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...
, 15 October 1576 – GenoaGenoaGenoa |Ligurian]] Zena ; Latin and, archaically, English Genua) is a city and an important seaport in northern Italy, the capital of the Province of Genoa and of the region of Liguria....
, ItalyItalyItaly , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...
, 19 December, 1649) and Placidia Spinola, (1584–1660), 2nd Marchioness of Calice and Veppo, between other titles. No surviving adult issue.
- The 4th Marchioness, was the eldest sister of the 2nd Marquis Alvaro II, named Maria Eugenia de Bazán y Benavides. She was married in 1620 to Jerónimo Pimentel, Marquis of Bayona, Viceroy of Sardinia, 1626–1631, deceased 15 April 1631, with issue. He was the 8th son of Juan Alfonso Pimentel de Herrera, 5rh Duke of Benavente, deceased 7 November 1621, Viceroy of Valencia, 1598–1602, Viceroy of Naples, 1603–1610. The other male of the family, Fernando, became Chancellor, Rector, of the University of SalamancaUniversity of SalamancaThe University of Salamanca is a Spanish higher education institution, located in the town of Salamanca, west of Madrid. It was founded in 1134 and given the Royal charter of foundation by King Alfonso IX in 1218. It is the oldest founded university in Spain and the third oldest European...
, and later, after ecclesiastical jobs at SevilleSevilleSeville is the artistic, historic, cultural, and financial capital of southern Spain. It is the capital of the autonomous community of Andalusia and of the province of Seville. It is situated on the plain of the River Guadalquivir, with an average elevation of above sea level...
and CordobaCórdoba, Spain-History:The first trace of human presence in the area are remains of a Neanderthal Man, dating to c. 32,000 BC. In the 8th century BC, during the ancient Tartessos period, a pre-urban settlement existed. The population gradually learned copper and silver metallurgy...
, Archbishop of Palermo, SicilySicilySicily is a region of Italy, and is the largest island in the Mediterranean Sea. Along with the surrounding minor islands, it constitutes an autonomous region of Italy, the Regione Autonoma Siciliana Sicily has a rich and unique culture, especially with regard to the arts, music, literature,...
, ItalyItalyItaly , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...
.
- Thus, the title of Marquis of Bazán became attached to a branch of the Pimentel family, a female called Mencia Pimentel y Bazan.When she married a "Benavides" male, it was agreed by the couple that if they had a male, the male child would be named Francisco Diego de Bazan y Benavides to honor her ancestors and "recuperate" her ancestors name, something not uncommon between the High Spanish Nobility.
- In fact, a son was born and named Francisco de Bazan y Benavides (died in 1680). He was Captain General of the Spanish galleys and Viceroy of Sicily, (1674 Interim), using always his mother's ancestors' family name, "Bazán", as a token of respect, and possibly, duty.
External links
- http://www.grandesp.org.uk/historia/gzas/stacruz.htm