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Wheel tractor-scraper

 
Wheel Tractor Scraper

 
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Wheel tractor-scraper
 
 
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In civil engineering
Civil engineering

Civil engineering is a Professional Engineer discipline that deals with the design, construction and maintenance of the physical and naturally built environment, including works such as bridges, roads, canals, dams and buildings....
, a wheel tractor-scraper is a piece of heavy equipment used for earthmoving
Earthworks (engineering)

Earthworks are engineering works created through the moving of massive quantities of soil or unformed rock . Engineers need to concern themselves with issues of geotechnical engineering and with quantity estimation to ensure that soil volumes in the Cut match those of the Fill dirt, while minimizing the distance of movement....
. The rear part has a vertically moveable hopper
Hopper

Sorry, no overview for this topic
 (also known as the bowl) with a sharp horizontal front edge. The hopper can be hydraulically
Hydraulics

Hydraulics is a topic of science and engineering dealing with the mechanical properties of liquids. Hydraulics is part of the more general discipline of fluid power....
 lowered and raised. When the hopper is lowered, the front edge cuts into the soil
Soil

Soil is the naturally occurring, unconsolidated or loose covering on the Earth's surface. Soil is composed of particles of broken rock that have been altered by chemical and environmental processes including weathering and erosion....
 or clay
Clay

Clay is a naturally occurring material composed primarily of fine-grained minerals, which show plasticity through a variable range of water content, and which can be hardened when dried and/or fired....
 like a cheese slicer
Cheese slicer

The original cheese slicer was invented and patented in 1925 by Thor Bj?rklund, a carpenter from the city of Lillehammer in Norway. The cheese slicer's mass production started in 1927....
 and fills the hopper.






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In civil engineering
Civil engineering

Civil engineering is a Professional Engineer discipline that deals with the design, construction and maintenance of the physical and naturally built environment, including works such as bridges, roads, canals, dams and buildings....
, a wheel tractor-scraper is a piece of heavy equipment used for earthmoving
Earthworks (engineering)

Earthworks are engineering works created through the moving of massive quantities of soil or unformed rock . Engineers need to concern themselves with issues of geotechnical engineering and with quantity estimation to ensure that soil volumes in the Cut match those of the Fill dirt, while minimizing the distance of movement....
. The rear part has a vertically moveable hopper
Hopper

Sorry, no overview for this topic
 (also known as the bowl) with a sharp horizontal front edge. The hopper can be hydraulically
Hydraulics

Hydraulics is a topic of science and engineering dealing with the mechanical properties of liquids. Hydraulics is part of the more general discipline of fluid power....
 lowered and raised. When the hopper is lowered, the front edge cuts into the soil
Soil

Soil is the naturally occurring, unconsolidated or loose covering on the Earth's surface. Soil is composed of particles of broken rock that have been altered by chemical and environmental processes including weathering and erosion....
 or clay
Clay

Clay is a naturally occurring material composed primarily of fine-grained minerals, which show plasticity through a variable range of water content, and which can be hardened when dried and/or fired....
 like a cheese slicer
Cheese slicer

The original cheese slicer was invented and patented in 1925 by Thor Bj?rklund, a carpenter from the city of Lillehammer in Norway. The cheese slicer's mass production started in 1927....
 and fills the hopper. When the hopper is full (8 to 34 m³ (10 to 45 yd³) heaped, depending on type) it is raised, and closed with a vertical blade (known as the apron). The scraper can transport its load to the fill area where the blade is raised, the back panel of the hopper, or the ejector, is hydraulically pushed forward and the soil or clay load tumbles out. Then the empty scraper returns to the cut
Cut

Cut and similar may refer to:* A type of wound, usually a laceration or incision into the skin* Cut , removal of soil or rock, as opposed to fill...
 site and repeats the cycle.

Scrapers can be very efficient on short hauls where the cut and fill
Cut and fill

Cut and Fill in Earthworks is the process of constructing a railway, road or canal whereby the amount of material from cuts roughly matches the amount of fill needed to make nearby embankments, so minimizing the amount of construction labor....
 areas are close together and have sufficient length to fill the hopper. The heavier scraper types have two engines ('tandem powered'), one driving the front wheels, one driving the rear wheels, with engines up to 400 kW (550 horsepower
Horsepower

Horsepower is the name of several non-International System of Units units of power . It was originally defined to allow the output of steam engines to be measured and compared with the power output of draft horses....
).

Self propelled scrapers were invented by R. G. LeTourneau
R. G. LeTourneau

Robert Gilmore LeTourneau ?, born in Richford, Vermont, was a prolific inventor in the earthmoving industry. His machines represented nearly 70 percent of the earthmoving equipment and Engineering vehicles used during World War II, and he was responsible for nearly 300 patents....
 in the 1930s. His company called them Tournahoppers.

Two scrapers can work together in a push-pull fashion but this requires a long cut area.

See also

  • Fresno scraper
    Fresno Scraper

    The Fresno Scraper was invented in 1883 by the Scotland immigrant and entrepreneur James Porteous who, having worked with farmers in Fresno, California, had recognised the dependence of the Fresno Valley on irrigation and the requirement for a more efficient means of constructing canals and ditches in the sandy soil....


Manufacturers