Ulmus americana 'Brandon'
Encyclopedia
'Brandon' is a cultivar of the American Elm
Ulmus americana, raised by Lacombe Nurseries, Lacombe, Alberta
, Canada
, before 1969; it may be synonymous with another cultivar from the same source, known as 'Patmore'
.
, Canada
, emerging as 'Highly Recommended'.
; it is also moderately preferred for feeding and reproduction by the adult Elm Leaf Beetle Xanthogaleruca luteola
http://www.bioone.org/doi/full/10.1603/0022-0493%282001%29094%5B0162%3AROTCEU%5D2.0.CO%3B2, and highly preferred for feeding by the Japanese Beetle Popillia japonica http://www.bioone.org/doi/full/10.1603/0022-0493%282001%29094%5B0445%3APOTCEU%5D2.0.CO%3B2 http://www.sunshinenursery.com/survey.htm in the USA.
U. americana is also the most susceptible of all the elms to verticillium wilt
.
, where it is prized as an amenity tree by the Forestry Division http://www.bozeman.net/forestry/cost_share_program.aspx, and in California
.
The tree is not known to have been introduced to Europe
or Australasia
.
American Elm
Ulmus americana, generally known as the American Elm or, less commonly, as the White Elm or Water Elm, is a species native to eastern North America, occurring from Nova Scotia west to Alberta and Montana, and south to Florida and central Texas. The American elm is an extremely hardy tree that can...
Ulmus americana, raised by Lacombe Nurseries, Lacombe, Alberta
Lacombe, Alberta
Lacombe is a city in Alberta, Canada. It is located north of Red Deer, the nearest major city, and south of Edmonton, the nearest metropolitan area...
, Canada
Canada
Canada is a North American country consisting of ten provinces and three territories. Located in the northern part of the continent, it extends from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west, and northward into the Arctic Ocean...
, before 1969; it may be synonymous with another cultivar from the same source, known as 'Patmore'
Ulmus americana 'Patmore'
Patmore is a cultivar of the American Elm Ulmus americana, selected and raised by R. H. Patmore from a native tree in Brandon, Manitoba, Canada...
.
Description
'Brandon' (or 'Patmore') differs from most American Elms in possessing a smaller, more compact form bearing coarsely-toothed foliage. The tree performed very well in government trials in AlbertaAlberta
Alberta is a province of Canada. It had an estimated population of 3.7 million in 2010 making it the most populous of Canada's three prairie provinces...
, Canada
Canada
Canada is a North American country consisting of ten provinces and three territories. Located in the northern part of the continent, it extends from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west, and northward into the Arctic Ocean...
, emerging as 'Highly Recommended'.
Pests and diseases
'Brandon' is highly susceptible to Dutch Elm Disease. The species as a whole is susceptible to Elm YellowsElm Yellows
Elm Yellows is a plant disease of elm trees that is spread by leafhoppers or by root grafts. Elm Yellows, also known as Elm Phloem Necrosis, is very aggressive, with no known cure. Elm Yellows occurs in the Eastern United States and southern Ontario in Canada. It is caused by phytoplasmas which...
; it is also moderately preferred for feeding and reproduction by the adult Elm Leaf Beetle Xanthogaleruca luteola
Xanthogaleruca luteola
Xanthogaleruca luteola, commonly known as the Elm Leaf Beetle, is a serious pest of the elm. Indigenous to Europe, it was accidentally introduced to North America. Both the imagines and larvae feed on the emergent leaves of the elm...
http://www.bioone.org/doi/full/10.1603/0022-0493%282001%29094%5B0162%3AROTCEU%5D2.0.CO%3B2, and highly preferred for feeding by the Japanese Beetle Popillia japonica http://www.bioone.org/doi/full/10.1603/0022-0493%282001%29094%5B0445%3APOTCEU%5D2.0.CO%3B2 http://www.sunshinenursery.com/survey.htm in the USA.
U. americana is also the most susceptible of all the elms to verticillium wilt
Verticillium wilt
Verticillium Wilt is a wilt disease of over 300 species of eudicot plants caused by one of two species of Verticillium fungus, V. dahliae and V. albo-atrum. Many economically important plants are susceptible including cotton, tomatoes, potatoes, eggplants, peppers and ornamentals, as well as others...
.
Cultivation
The tree remains common across the Prairie Provinces (Alberta is free of Dutch elm disease and other malaises typical of the American Elm). 'Brandon' also remains in cultivation in the city of Bozeman, MontanaMontana
Montana is a state in the Western United States. The western third of Montana contains numerous mountain ranges. Smaller, "island ranges" are found in the central third of the state, for a total of 77 named ranges of the Rocky Mountains. This geographical fact is reflected in the state's name,...
, where it is prized as an amenity tree by the Forestry Division http://www.bozeman.net/forestry/cost_share_program.aspx, and in California
California
California is a state located on the West Coast of the United States. It is by far the most populous U.S. state, and the third-largest by land area...
.
The tree is not known to have been introduced to Europe
Europe
Europe is, by convention, one of the world's seven continents. Comprising the westernmost peninsula of Eurasia, Europe is generally 'divided' from Asia to its east by the watershed divides of the Ural and Caucasus Mountains, the Ural River, the Caspian and Black Seas, and the waterways connecting...
or Australasia
Australasia
Australasia is a region of Oceania comprising Australia, New Zealand, the island of New Guinea, and neighbouring islands in the Pacific Ocean. The term was coined by Charles de Brosses in Histoire des navigations aux terres australes...
.
Synonymy
- 'Brandon Ascending': Proc. 27th Ann. Mtg. Western Canad. Soc. Hort., Manitoba,, 1971, as Brandon Ascending, from Patmore Nurseries, Brandon, Manitoba.
- ?'Patmore': Anon.
Nurseries
- Foothills Nurseries http://www.foothillslandscaping.ca/Reference/Pages/Elm2a.htm, CaliforniaCaliforniaCalifornia is a state located on the West Coast of the United States. It is by far the most populous U.S. state, and the third-largest by land area...
, USA - Jeffries Nurseries http://www.jeffriesnurseries.com/, Portage la Prairie, ManitobaManitobaManitoba is a Canadian prairie province with an area of . The province has over 110,000 lakes and has a largely continental climate because of its flat topography. Agriculture, mostly concentrated in the fertile southern and western parts of the province, is vital to the province's economy; other...
, CanadaCanadaCanada is a North American country consisting of ten provinces and three territories. Located in the northern part of the continent, it extends from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west, and northward into the Arctic Ocean... - Sun Valley Garden Centre http://www.qscaping.com/NetPS-Engine.asp?CCID=20000011&page=results&Keyword=ulmus&Category=&Type=&Spread=Any&SpreadDim=feet&Growth=&Hardiness=7&Height=Any&HeightDim=feet&Canopy=&Application=&Texture=&Wildlife=&Form=&Density=&FlowerColor=&FlowerColorJS=&FoliageColor=&FoliageColorJS=&FallColor=&FallColorJS=&FruitPeriod=&BarkColor=&BarkColorJS=&FlowerPeriod=&Variegation=&VariegationJS=&FruitColor=&FruitColorJS=&Edible=&BarkTexture=&SunShade=&Moisture=&Pollution=&SoilType=&pH=&Submit=Search],Eden Prairie, MinnesotaMinnesotaMinnesota is a U.S. state located in the Midwestern United States. The twelfth largest state of the U.S., it is the twenty-first most populous, with 5.3 million residents. Minnesota was carved out of the eastern half of the Minnesota Territory and admitted to the Union as the thirty-second state...
External links
- http://www.extension.umn.edu/yardandgarden/ygbriefs/p425dutchelm-resistant.html Bevacqua, K. J. Dutch elm resistant cultivars.