Ukrainian parliamentary election, 1994
Encyclopedia
The first parliamentary election in independent Ukraine took place in 1994. The elections were conducted for the second convocation of the Parliament regarding the previous one as temporary and transitional.
The election was a result of political compromise between the President
and the parliament
, which was reached on September 24, 1993. That day, the parliament adopted a decree to organize parliamentary elections ahead of schedule on March 24, 1994, and ahead of scheduled presidential elections on June 26, 1994.
also surrendered his parliamentarian mandate, being elected as the President of Ukraine
. Later in the summer of 1994 20 more parliamentarians were elected to the Verkhovna Rada
. On August 21, another MP past away, Vitaliy Yurkovsky. In the place of Roman Kuper was elected Leonid Kravchuk
on September 25. On November 20 10 more MPs were elected, while four more were elected in December. The place of Leonid Kuchma took Vasyl Yevrukhov, while one of Vitaliy Yurkovsky - Natalya Vitrenko. Following the addition election, 405 deputies were elected in total. There were further elections in the electoral regions out of which no deputy was elected, but mostly they repeatedly failed due to low participation of voters. Total 38,204,100 voters participated in the elections which constituted 75.81%.
Following list represents the seat assigned by a Party membership after the election in March-April 1994.
Later the following Blocs were formed in the parliament (as of May 11, 1994):
Note: The political blocks formed in the Verkhovna Rada did not exactly represented a similar party. Such parties as the Peasant's Party of Ukraine (SelPU) and the Agrarians for Reform (AZR) (a breakaway SelPU members) formed the Agrarians of Ukraine block. Although some of the deputies, especially from SelPU, joined the Socialist block. The Ukrainian Republican Party "Sobor" (URP), the Congress of Ukrainian Nationalists
(CUN), and the Democratic Party of Ukraine
(DemPU) has formed the electoral block Derzhavnist (Statehood).
The election was a result of political compromise between the President
President of Ukraine
Prior to the formation of the modern Ukrainian presidency, the previous Ukrainian head of state office was officially established in exile by Andriy Livytskyi. At first the de facto leader of nation was the president of the Central Rada at early years of the Ukrainian People's Republic, while the...
and the parliament
Verkhovna Rada
The Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine is Ukraine's parliament. The Verkhovna Rada is a unicameral parliament composed of 450 deputies, which is presided over by a chairman...
, which was reached on September 24, 1993. That day, the parliament adopted a decree to organize parliamentary elections ahead of schedule on March 24, 1994, and ahead of scheduled presidential elections on June 26, 1994.
Election organization
As in the previous this election took place according to the majoritarian electoral system in 450 electoral districts containing several precincts. In order to be elected a candidate needed to obtain more than 50% of votes and in order for the election to be valid more than 50% of registered voters needed to vote. The election was organized in two rounds. If no candidate obtained more than 50% in the first round, the top two candidates were listed on the ballot in the second round.Election results
The first round took pace on March 24, 1994, and the second round on April 10, 1994. In total, in the two rounds only 336 out of 450 deputies were elected due to a low voter turnout. In the electoral regions where no deputy has been elected, new elections took place in September-October 1994. On May 30 one of the MPs, Roman Kuper, died from the heart attack. On July 15 Leonid KuchmaLeonid Kuchma
Leonid Danylovych Kuchma was the second President of independent Ukraine from 19 July 1994, to 23 January 2005. Kuchma took office after winning the 1994 presidential election against his rival, incumbent Leonid Kravchuk...
also surrendered his parliamentarian mandate, being elected as the President of Ukraine
President of Ukraine
Prior to the formation of the modern Ukrainian presidency, the previous Ukrainian head of state office was officially established in exile by Andriy Livytskyi. At first the de facto leader of nation was the president of the Central Rada at early years of the Ukrainian People's Republic, while the...
. Later in the summer of 1994 20 more parliamentarians were elected to the Verkhovna Rada
Verkhovna Rada
The Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine is Ukraine's parliament. The Verkhovna Rada is a unicameral parliament composed of 450 deputies, which is presided over by a chairman...
. On August 21, another MP past away, Vitaliy Yurkovsky. In the place of Roman Kuper was elected Leonid Kravchuk
Leonid Kravchuk
Leonid Makarovych Kravchuk is a Ukrainian politician, the first President of Ukraine serving from December 5, 1991 until his resignation on July 19, 1994, a former Chairman of the Verkhovna Rada and People's Deputy of Ukraine serving in the Social Democratic Party of Ukraine faction.After a...
on September 25. On November 20 10 more MPs were elected, while four more were elected in December. The place of Leonid Kuchma took Vasyl Yevrukhov, while one of Vitaliy Yurkovsky - Natalya Vitrenko. Following the addition election, 405 deputies were elected in total. There were further elections in the electoral regions out of which no deputy was elected, but mostly they repeatedly failed due to low participation of voters. Total 38,204,100 voters participated in the elections which constituted 75.81%.
Following list represents the seat assigned by a Party membership after the election in March-April 1994.
| Political Bloc | Seats | Number of votes | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Communists of Ukraine Communist Party of Ukraine The Communist Party of Ukraine is a political party in Ukraine, currently led by Petro Symonenko.The party fights the Ukrainian national self-determination by identifying any Ukrainian national parties as the National-Fascist ones The Communist Party of Ukraine is a political party in Ukraine,... |
86 | 3,683,332 | |
| People's Movement of Ukraine People's Movement of Ukraine The People's Movement of Ukraine is a Ukrainian center-right political party... (Rukh) |
20 | 1,491,164 | |
| Peasant Party of Ukraine | 19 | 794,614 | |
| Socialist Party of Ukraine Socialist Party of Ukraine The Socialist Party of Ukraine is a Socialist political party in Ukraine and part of the Verkhovna Rada from 1994 to 2007.It is one of the oldest parties and was created by the former members of the Communist Party of Ukraine in late 1991 when the Communist Party was banned... |
14 | 895,830 | |
| Republican Party of Ukraine | 8 | 728,614 | |
| Congress of Ukrainian Nationalists Congress of Ukrainian Nationalists The Congress of Ukrainian Nationalists is a right-wing political party in Ukraine. It was founded on October 18, 1992 and registered with the Ministry of Justice on January 26, 1993. The party leader from its formation and until her death in 2003 was Yaroslava Stetsko .-History:During the 1998... |
5 | 361,352 | |
| Party of Democratic Rebirth | 4 | 239,763 | |
| Labour Party of Ukraine | 4 | 114,409 | |
| Democratic Party of Ukraine Democratic Party of Ukraine The Democratic Party of Ukraine is a political party in Ukraine registered in 1991.-History:The Democratic Party of Ukraine is one of the oldest political institutions of Ukraine. DemPU was founded in 1990 by a group of famous Ukrainian dissidents.... |
2 | 312,842 | |
| Social Democratic Party of Ukraine | 2 | 104,204 | |
| Ukrainian Conservative Republican Party | 2 | 99,028 | |
| Civic Congress of Ukraine | 2 | 72,473 | |
| Ukrainian National Assembly | 1 | 148,239 | |
| Christian Democratic Party of Ukraine | 1 | 100,007 | |
| Independent | 168 | 14,894,269 | |
| Vacant seats | 112 | ||
| TOTAL | 450 | 38,204,100 |
- The Liberal Party of UkraineLiberal Party of UkraineThe Liberal Party of Ukraine is a political party in Ukraine, led by Volodymyr Shcherban. It was established in September 1991 and was officially registered the next month. It is based mainly on Donets Basin area...
attained 173,503 votes, yet failed to obtain any representation in the Verkhovna RadaVerkhovna RadaThe Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine is Ukraine's parliament. The Verkhovna Rada is a unicameral parliament composed of 450 deputies, which is presided over by a chairman...
. Other two parties Labor Congress of Ukraine and Green Party of Ukraine received over 50,000 votes and also did not receive any seats in the parliament. The rest parties received less than 50,000 votes and amounted to 15. 28,166 votes were cast for unknown. - The Party of the Economic Revival of Crimea was also added to parliament in summer of 1994 winning a consistency seat.
Later the following Blocs were formed in the parliament (as of May 11, 1994):
| Political Bloc | Seats | Supported for the President |
|---|---|---|
| Communists of Ukraine Communist Party of Ukraine The Communist Party of Ukraine is a political party in Ukraine, currently led by Petro Symonenko.The party fights the Ukrainian national self-determination by identifying any Ukrainian national parties as the National-Fascist ones The Communist Party of Ukraine is a political party in Ukraine,... |
83 | Oleksandr Moroz Oleksandr Moroz Oleksandr Oleksandrovych Moroz is a Ukrainian statesman and politician. He was the Speaker of Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine twice: July 2006 to September 2007, and previously in 1994 through 1998. Moroz is one of the founders and leader of the Socialist Party of Ukraine, which was an influential... , Leonid Kuchma Leonid Kuchma Leonid Danylovych Kuchma was the second President of independent Ukraine from 19 July 1994, to 23 January 2005. Kuchma took office after winning the 1994 presidential election against his rival, incumbent Leonid Kravchuk... |
| Socialist Party of Ukraine Socialist Party of Ukraine The Socialist Party of Ukraine is a Socialist political party in Ukraine and part of the Verkhovna Rada from 1994 to 2007.It is one of the oldest parties and was created by the former members of the Communist Party of Ukraine in late 1991 when the Communist Party was banned... |
25 | Oleksandr Moroz Oleksandr Moroz Oleksandr Oleksandrovych Moroz is a Ukrainian statesman and politician. He was the Speaker of Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine twice: July 2006 to September 2007, and previously in 1994 through 1998. Moroz is one of the founders and leader of the Socialist Party of Ukraine, which was an influential... |
| People's Movement of Ukraine People's Movement of Ukraine The People's Movement of Ukraine is a Ukrainian center-right political party... (Rukh) |
27 | Volodymyr Lanovyi |
| Interregional Bloc | 26 | Leonid Kuchma Leonid Kuchma Leonid Danylovych Kuchma was the second President of independent Ukraine from 19 July 1994, to 23 January 2005. Kuchma took office after winning the 1994 presidential election against his rival, incumbent Leonid Kravchuk... |
| Bloc "Derzhavnist'" | 25 | Leonid Kravchuk Leonid Kravchuk Leonid Makarovych Kravchuk is a Ukrainian politician, the first President of Ukraine serving from December 5, 1991 until his resignation on July 19, 1994, a former Chairman of the Verkhovna Rada and People's Deputy of Ukraine serving in the Social Democratic Party of Ukraine faction.After a... |
| Bloc "Center" | 38 | Leonid Kravchuk Leonid Kravchuk Leonid Makarovych Kravchuk is a Ukrainian politician, the first President of Ukraine serving from December 5, 1991 until his resignation on July 19, 1994, a former Chairman of the Verkhovna Rada and People's Deputy of Ukraine serving in the Social Democratic Party of Ukraine faction.After a... |
| Bloc "Agrarians of Ukraine" | 36 | Oleksandr Tkachenko, Leonid Kravchuk Leonid Kravchuk Leonid Makarovych Kravchuk is a Ukrainian politician, the first President of Ukraine serving from December 5, 1991 until his resignation on July 19, 1994, a former Chairman of the Verkhovna Rada and People's Deputy of Ukraine serving in the Social Democratic Party of Ukraine faction.After a... |
| Bloc "Reforms" | 27 | Volodymyr Lanovyi |
| Bloc "Unity" | 25 | – |
| Not affiliated | 23 | – |
| TOTAL | 335 |
Note: The political blocks formed in the Verkhovna Rada did not exactly represented a similar party. Such parties as the Peasant's Party of Ukraine (SelPU) and the Agrarians for Reform (AZR) (a breakaway SelPU members) formed the Agrarians of Ukraine block. Although some of the deputies, especially from SelPU, joined the Socialist block. The Ukrainian Republican Party "Sobor" (URP), the Congress of Ukrainian Nationalists
Congress of Ukrainian Nationalists
The Congress of Ukrainian Nationalists is a right-wing political party in Ukraine. It was founded on October 18, 1992 and registered with the Ministry of Justice on January 26, 1993. The party leader from its formation and until her death in 2003 was Yaroslava Stetsko .-History:During the 1998...
(CUN), and the Democratic Party of Ukraine
Democratic Party of Ukraine
The Democratic Party of Ukraine is a political party in Ukraine registered in 1991.-History:The Democratic Party of Ukraine is one of the oldest political institutions of Ukraine. DemPU was founded in 1990 by a group of famous Ukrainian dissidents....
(DemPU) has formed the electoral block Derzhavnist (Statehood).
- The left electoral blocks: Communists of Ukraine, Socialist block, and Peasant's Party of Ukraine
- The right electoral blocks: People's Movement of Ukraine and Derzhavnist
- The center electoral blocks: Interregional block, Social-Marketing Choice, Unity, and Agrarians for Reforms
- The right-center electoral blocks: Reforms and Center