Tsk'weylecw'mc
Encyclopedia
The Tsk'weylecw'mc or Tsk'waylaxw'mx are a First Nations people in the Central Fraser Canyon
area of the Canadian province of British Columbia. They are a subgroup of both the St'at'imc
and Secwepemc
peoples and reside at and around the community of Pavilion
, an unincorporated settlement comprising the Pavilion Indian Reserve and adjacent ranches on Highway 99 about 30 kilometres north of Lillooet, near Marble Canyon
. There is another reserves of which is immediately on the other side of Marble Canyon near Upper Hat Creek
. Another non-residential reserve on the opposite side of the Fraser River from Pavilion is Pavilion Indian Reserve 1A, used for hunting in that area. They historically have close ties and a shared cultural identity with their Secwepemc
neighbours, particularly the Bonaparte group, but also with the St'at'imc
of Fountain
and Lillooet
. The Tsk'weylecw'mc are both St'at'imc Secwepemc ethnically, and have close family ties and shared cultural traditions with the Canyon Shuswap at nearby High Bar, the Llenlleney'ten
, who although Secwepemc are partly Tsilhqot'in
in identity. Their particular dialect is a hybrid of St'at'imcets and Secwepemctsin. Most placenames in the Pavilion area are Secwepemctsin, a legacy times in the recent past, just prior to the Fraser Canyon Gold Rush
, when the east bank of the Fraser, including Fountain and opposite Lillooet itself, were part of Secwepemc territory.
Their band government is called the Pavilion Indian Band
, which is a member of the Lillooet Tribal Council
although retaining some official ties to the Secwepemc tribal councils.
Fraser Canyon
The Fraser Canyon is an 84 km landform of the Fraser River where it descends rapidly through narrow rock gorges in the Coast Mountains en route from the Interior Plateau of British Columbia to the Fraser Valley...
area of the Canadian province of British Columbia. They are a subgroup of both the St'at'imc
St'at'imc
The St'át'imc are an Interior Salish people located in the southern Coast Mountains and Fraser Canyon region of the Interior of the Canadian province of British Columbia.St'át'imc culture displayed many features typical of Northwest Coast peoples: the...
and Secwepemc
Secwepemc
The Secwepemc , known in English as the Shuswap people, are a First Nations people residing in the Canadian province of British Columbia. Their traditional territory ranges from the eastern Chilcotin Plateau and the Cariboo Plateau southeast through the Thompson Country to Kamloops and the Shuswap...
peoples and reside at and around the community of Pavilion
Pavilion, British Columbia
Pavilion is a ranching and Indian Reserve community in the Fraser Canyon area of British Columbia, Canada. Most of the community is the population of the Pavilion 1 Indian Reserve of the Pavilion Indian Band, aka the Ts'kw'aylaxw First Nation but there are also a number of ranches in the...
, an unincorporated settlement comprising the Pavilion Indian Reserve and adjacent ranches on Highway 99 about 30 kilometres north of Lillooet, near Marble Canyon
Marble Canyon (British Columbia)
Marble Canyon is a small canyon in the south-central Interior of British Columbia, Canada a few kilometres east of the Fraser River and the community of Pavilion, British Columbia, approximately midway between the towns of Lillooet and Cache Creek. A collapsed karst formation, the canyon's name...
. There is another reserves of which is immediately on the other side of Marble Canyon near Upper Hat Creek
Upper Hat Creek, British Columbia
Upper Hat Creek is a rural locality and ranching community in British Columbia, Canada, located roughly midway between the towns of Cache Creek and Lillooet, located near the headwaters of Hat Creek. Comprising the upper basin of Hat Creek the area is home to some of the oldest ranches in British...
. Another non-residential reserve on the opposite side of the Fraser River from Pavilion is Pavilion Indian Reserve 1A, used for hunting in that area. They historically have close ties and a shared cultural identity with their Secwepemc
Secwepemc
The Secwepemc , known in English as the Shuswap people, are a First Nations people residing in the Canadian province of British Columbia. Their traditional territory ranges from the eastern Chilcotin Plateau and the Cariboo Plateau southeast through the Thompson Country to Kamloops and the Shuswap...
neighbours, particularly the Bonaparte group, but also with the St'at'imc
St'at'imc
The St'át'imc are an Interior Salish people located in the southern Coast Mountains and Fraser Canyon region of the Interior of the Canadian province of British Columbia.St'át'imc culture displayed many features typical of Northwest Coast peoples: the...
of Fountain
Fountain, British Columbia
Fountain is an unincorporated rural area and Indian Reserve community in the Fraser Canyon region of British Columbia, Canada, located at the ten-mile mark from the town of Lillooet on BC Highway 99, which in that area is also on the route of the Old Cariboo Road and is located at the junction of...
and Lillooet
Lillooet, British Columbia
Lillooet is a community on the Fraser River in western Canada, about up the British Columbia Railway line from Vancouver. Situated at an intersection of deep gorges in the lee of the Coast Mountains, it has a dry climate- of precipitation is recorded annually at the town's weather station,...
. The Tsk'weylecw'mc are both St'at'imc Secwepemc ethnically, and have close family ties and shared cultural traditions with the Canyon Shuswap at nearby High Bar, the Llenlleney'ten
Llenlleney'ten
The Llenlleney'ten are a First Nations people in the Chilcotin District-Fraser Canyon region of the Canadian province of British Columbia. They are a subgroup of the Secwepemc people and reside on a remote stretch of the Fraser River about 50 kilometres north of Lillooet at a location known as...
, who although Secwepemc are partly Tsilhqot'in
Tsilhqot'in
The Tsilhqot'in are a Northern Athabaskan First Nations people that live in British Columbia, Canada...
in identity. Their particular dialect is a hybrid of St'at'imcets and Secwepemctsin. Most placenames in the Pavilion area are Secwepemctsin, a legacy times in the recent past, just prior to the Fraser Canyon Gold Rush
Fraser Canyon Gold Rush
The Fraser Canyon Gold Rush, began in 1858 after gold was discovered on the Thompson River in British Columbia at its confluence with the Nicoamen River. This was a few miles upstream from the Thompson's confluence with the Fraser River at present-day Lytton...
, when the east bank of the Fraser, including Fountain and opposite Lillooet itself, were part of Secwepemc territory.
Their band government is called the Pavilion Indian Band
Pavilion Indian Band
The Pavilion Indian Band or Ts'kw'aylaxw First Nation or Tsk'waylacw First Nation or Tsk'weylecw First Nation, and also known in the plural e.g. Ts'kw'alaxw First Nations, is a First Nations government, located in the Fraser Canyon region of the Central Interior of the Canadian province of British...
, which is a member of the Lillooet Tribal Council
Lillooet Tribal Council
The Lillooet Tribal Council is the official English name of the largest tribal council of what is also known as the St'at'imc Nation, though not including all governments of St'at'imc peoples - the term St'at'imc Nation has another context of all St'at'imc peoples, not just those within this tribal...
although retaining some official ties to the Secwepemc tribal councils.