Toxophora
Encyclopedia
Toxophora is a genus of flies
belonging to the family Bombyliidae
(bee-flies). There are 14 described species, distributed throughout the world
, although they are most abundant in Southwestern United States
and western Mediterranean. They are strange, stout, robust flies with a hunchbacked form, with a body length of 6–12 mm and wings 4 to 7.5mm. Most species are black with banding or spots.
Larva
e feed in the nest of wasp
s of the genus Odynerus
.
Fließ
Fließ is a municipality in the Landeck district and is located5 km south of Landeck on the upper course of the Inn River. It has 9 hamlets and was already populated at the roman age; the village itself was founded around the 6th century. After a conflagration in 1933 Fließ was restored more...
belonging to the family Bombyliidae
Bombyliidae
Bombyliidae is a large family of flies with hundreds of genera, although their life cycles are not well known. Adults generally feed on nectar and pollen, thus are pollinators of flowers. They superficially resemble bees, thus are commonly called bee flies, and this may offer the adults some...
(bee-flies). There are 14 described species, distributed throughout the world
World
World is a common name for the whole of human civilization, specifically human experience, history, or the human condition in general, worldwide, i.e. anywhere on Earth....
, although they are most abundant in Southwestern United States
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
and western Mediterranean. They are strange, stout, robust flies with a hunchbacked form, with a body length of 6–12 mm and wings 4 to 7.5mm. Most species are black with banding or spots.
Larva
Larva
A larva is a distinct juvenile form many animals undergo before metamorphosis into adults. Animals with indirect development such as insects, amphibians, or cnidarians typically have a larval phase of their life cycle...
e feed in the nest of wasp
Wasp
The term wasp is typically defined as any insect of the order Hymenoptera and suborder Apocrita that is neither a bee nor an ant. Almost every pest insect species has at least one wasp species that preys upon it or parasitizes it, making wasps critically important in natural control of their...
s of the genus Odynerus
Odynerus
Odynerus is a primarily Holarctic genus of potter wasps.The name of this genus has been widely used as a root to costruct many other genus-level names for potter wasps with non-petiolated metasoma like Euodynerus, Acarodynerus, Stenodynerus, Parodontodynerus, Incodynerus, etc....
.
Species
- T. aegyptiaca Efflatoun, 1945 (Afrotropical: Sudan. Palaearctic: Egypt, Oman, Saudi Arabia.)
- T. albivittata Bowden, 1964 (Afrotropical: Ghana, Ivory Coast.)
- T. albonotata Loew in Alayo & Garcia Avila, 1983
- T. americana Guérin-Méneville, 1835 (Nearctic:)
- T. amicula SéguyEugène SéguyEugène Séguy was a French entomologist who specialised in Diptera. He held a chair of entomology at the Muséum national d'histoire naturelle in Paris from 1956 -1960.Portraits and Number 7, bottom row.-Works:...
, 1930 (Neotropical: Argentina.) - T. amphitea WalkerFrancis Walker (entomologist)Francis Walker was an English entomologist. He was one of the most prolific authors in entomology, and stirred controversy during his later life as his publications resulted in a huge number of junior synonyms....
, 1849 (USA (Texas)) - T. fucata Osten SackenKarl Robert Osten-SackenBaron Karl-Robert von Osten-Sacken was a Russian diplomat and entomologist. He served as the Russian consul general in New York during the American Civil War, living in the United States from 1856 to 1877....
, 1877 (Nearctic: Mexico (Guerrero, Sonora), USA (District of Columbia, Florida, Maryland, Missouri, Texas).) - T. turkestanica var. angusta Paramonov, 1933 (Palaearctic: Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan.)
- T. aurea MacquartJustin Pierre Marie MacquartJustin Pierre Marie Macquart was a French entomologist specialising in the study of Diptera. He worked on world species as well as European and described many new species.-Early years:...
, 1848 (Brazil (Paraná) ) - T. aurifera RóndaniCamillo RóndaniCamillo Róndani was an Italian entomologist noted for his studies of Diptera.-Early years:When Camillo Róndani was born in Parma the city was part of the French Empire Napoleon having crowned himself King of Italy...
, 1848 (Brazil or Uruguay) - T. dryitis SéguyEugène SéguyEugène Séguy was a French entomologist who specialised in Diptera. He held a chair of entomology at the Muséum national d'histoire naturelle in Paris from 1956 -1960.Portraits and Number 7, bottom row.-Works:...
, 1930 (French Guiana) - T. verona Curran, 1934 (Neotropical: Brazil (Acre, Paraná, Roraima), French Guiana, Guyana.)
- T. australis Hesse, 1938 (Afrotropical: Lesotho, Namibia, South Africa (Eastern Cape,Northern Cape, Western Cape).)
- T. bezzii Paramonov, 1933 (Palaearctic: Egypt, Israel.)
- T. carcelii Guérin-Méneville, 1830 (Afrotropical: Ghana, Ivory Coast, Senegal.)
- T. coeruleiventris Karsch, 1887 (Afrotropical: Botswana, Burundi, Kenya, Mozambique, Senegal, South Africa (KwaZulu-Natal, Mpumalanga, Northern Province), Sudan, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe.)
- T. compta Roberts, 1929 (Australasian/Oceanian: Australia (Queensland).)
- T. crocisops Hesse, 1938 (Afrotropical: Namibia, South Africa (Western Cape).)
- T. cupreus (FabriciusJohan Christian FabriciusJohan Christian Fabricius was a Danish zoologist, specialising in "Insecta", which at that time included all arthropods: insects, arachnids, crustaceans and others...
, 1787) (Nearctic: Mexico (Morelos, Nayarit). Neotropical: Brazil (Goiás, Mato Grosso, Pará), Colombia, French Guiana, Panama, Suriname.) - T. deserta Paramonov, 1933 (Turkmenistan)
- T. tadzhikorum Paramonov, 1933 (Palaearctic: Iran, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan.)
- T. diploptera Speiser, 1910 (Tanzania)
- T. cyanolepida Hesse, 1938 (Afrotropical: Botswana, Kenya, Namibia, South Africa (Eastern Cape, KwaZulu-Natal, Mpumalanga, Northern Province, Western Cape), Tanzania, Zimbabwe.)
- T. emeljanovi Zaitzev, 1980 (Palaearctic: Mongolia.)
- T. epargyra Hermann, 1907 (Afrotropical: Sudan. Palaearctic: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Egypt, Gruzia, Syria, Tajikistan, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan.)
- T. epargyroides Hesse, 1938 (Afrotropical: ?Kenya, Namibia, Tanzania, Zimbabwe.)
- T. fasciculatus (Villers, 1789) (Afrotropical: Sudan. Palaearctic: Algeria, Armenia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Egypt, France (incl. Corsica), Germany, Greece (incl. Zakynthos), Gruzia, Hungary, Iran, Israel, Italy (incl. Sicily), Kazakhstan, Kyrgyz Republic, Lebanon, Libya, Moldova, Morocco, Romania, Russia (SET), Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Switzerland, Tajikistan, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan.)
- T. fusca Gray in Griffiths & Pidgeon, 1832 (Patria Ignota.)
- T. fuscipennis (MacquartJustin Pierre Marie MacquartJustin Pierre Marie Macquart was a French entomologist specialising in the study of Diptera. He worked on world species as well as European and described many new species.-Early years:...
, 1840) (Palaearctic: Algeria, France.) - T. gittinsi Tabet, 2001 (Nearctic: USA (Idaho).)
- T. iavana WiedemannChristian Rudolph Wilhelm WiedemannChristian Rudolph Wilhelm Wiedemann , was a German physician, historian, naturalist and entomologist...
, 1821 (Oriental: China (Fujian), India (Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal), Hong Kong, Indonesia (Java, Nusa Tenggara), Laos, Malaysia (Peninsular), Philippines. Palaearctic: China.) - T. lebedevi Paramonov, 1925 (Palaearctic: Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan.)
- T. lepidocera (d’Andretta & Carrera, 1950) (Neotropical: Brazil (Pará, São Paulo).)
- T. leucon SéguyEugène SéguyEugène Séguy was a French entomologist who specialised in Diptera. He held a chair of entomology at the Muséum national d'histoire naturelle in Paris from 1956 -1960.Portraits and Number 7, bottom row.-Works:...
, 1930 (Neotropical: Argentina, Bolivia, Paraguay.) - T. leucopyga WiedemannChristian Rudolph Wilhelm WiedemannChristian Rudolph Wilhelm Wiedemann , was a German physician, historian, naturalist and entomologist...
, 1828 (Nearctic: USA (Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, North Carolina).) - T. leyladea Efflatoun, 1945 (Afrotropical: Sudan. Palaearctic: Egypt.)
- T. maculipennis Karsch, 1886 (Afrotropical: Angola, Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Ghana, Ivory Coast, Senegal.)
- T. maxima CoquillettDaniel William CoquillettDaniel William Coquillett was an American entomologist who specialised in Diptera. He wrote Revision of the dipterous family Therevidae...
, 1886 (Nearctic: Mexico (Baja California Norte, Baja California Sur Tiburon I), USA (Arizona, California, Idaho, Kansas, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Oregon, Texas).) - T. obliquisquamosa Hesse, 1938 (Afrotropical: Botswana, Namibia, South Africa (Eastern Cape, Western Cape).)
- T. pallida d’Andretta & Carrera, 1950 (Neotropical: Brazil (Ceará).)
- T. pellucida CoquillettDaniel William CoquillettDaniel William Coquillett was an American entomologist who specialised in Diptera. He wrote Revision of the dipterous family Therevidae...
, 1886 (Nearctic: Canada (Alberta), Mexico (Baja California Sur), USA (Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Kansas, Nevada, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Oregon, Texas, Washington).) - T. psammophila Paramonov, 1933 (Palaearctic: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Gruzia, Kyrgyz Republic, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan.punctipennis)
- T. punctipennis BezziMario BezziMario Bezzi was an Italian professor of zoology at the University of Turin. He was also Director of the Turin Museum of Natural History...
, 1921 (Afrotropical: Namibia, South Africa (KwaZulu-Natal), Zimbabwe.) - T. quadricellulata Hesse, 1963 (Afrotropical: Namibia, South Africa (Northern Cape, Western Cape).)
- T. seyrigi SéguyEugène SéguyEugène Séguy was a French entomologist who specialised in Diptera. He held a chair of entomology at the Muséum national d'histoire naturelle in Paris from 1956 -1960.Portraits and Number 7, bottom row.-Works:...
, 1934 (Palaearctic: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Cyprus, Gruzia.) - T. travassosi (d’Andretta & Carrera, 1950) (Neotropical: Brazil (São Paulo).)
- T. tristis (SéguyEugène SéguyEugène Séguy was a French entomologist who specialised in Diptera. He held a chair of entomology at the Muséum national d'histoire naturelle in Paris from 1956 -1960.Portraits and Number 7, bottom row.-Works:...
, 1930) (Neotropical: Cuba.) - T. trivittata BezziMario BezziMario Bezzi was an Italian professor of zoology at the University of Turin. He was also Director of the Turin Museum of Natural History...
, 1908 (Afrotropical: Congo, Guinea-Bissau, Nigeria.) - T. turkestanica Paramonov, 1933 (Palaearctic: Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan.)
- T. varipennis Williston, 1901 (Nearctic: Mexico (Colima, Guerrero, Morelos, Veracruz-Llave).Neotropical: Guatemala.)
- T. vasta CoquillettDaniel William CoquillettDaniel William Coquillett was an American entomologist who specialised in Diptera. He wrote Revision of the dipterous family Therevidae...
, 1891 (Nearctic: USA (Arizona, California, Colorado, Nevada).) - T. virgata Osten SackenKarl Robert Osten-SackenBaron Karl-Robert von Osten-Sacken was a Russian diplomat and entomologist. He served as the Russian consul general in New York during the American Civil War, living in the United States from 1856 to 1877....
, 1877 (Nearctic: Mexico (Baja California Sur, Sonora), USA (Arizona, California, Colorado, Georgia, Idaho, Nevada, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Texas, Utah).) - T. vitripennis BezziMario BezziMario Bezzi was an Italian professor of zoology at the University of Turin. He was also Director of the Turin Museum of Natural History...
, 1924 (Afrotropical: Uganda.) - T. zikani (d’Andretta & Carrera, 1950) (Neotropical: Brazil (Rio de Janeiro))