Spatchcock
Encyclopedia
A spatchcock, otherwise known as "spattlecock", is poultry or game that is prepared for roasting or grilling by removing the backbone and sternum
Sternum
The sternum or breastbone is a long flat bony plate shaped like a capital "T" located anteriorly to the heart in the center of the thorax...

 of the bird and flattening it out before cooking.

To remove the backbone and flatten a bird out is to butterfly
Butterflying
Butterflying is a cutting technique used by butchers to transform a thick, compact piece of meat into a thinner, larger one. The piece of meat to be cut is laid out flat on a cutting board and cut in half parallel to the board from one side almost all the way to the other. A small "hinge" is left...

 the bird. Spatchcock is the traditional word for the French term "poussin", a juvenile chicken. Spatchcock were generally butterflied in preparation for faster more succulent flame cooking rather than slow roasting, hence the English confusion.

In Australia, a Spatchcock refers to a small chicken such as a poussin
Poussin (chicken)
In Commonwealth countries, poussin is a butcher's term for a young chicken, less than 28 days old at slaughter and usually weighing 400-450 grammes but not above 750g...

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