South African Class 10 4-6-2
Encyclopedia
In 1904 the Central South African Railways
placed fifteen Class 10 steam locomotive
s with a 4-6-2
Pacific wheel arrangement in service. In 1912, when they were assimilated into the South African Railways, they were renumbered but retained their Class 10 classification.
(NBL) and delivered in 1904, numbered 650 to 664. They had plate frames, wide Belpaire firebox
es, outside admission piston valves and Walschaerts valve gear, and were superheated.
They were classified as Class 10 by the CSAR, a classification that they retained when they were assimilated into the newly established South African Railways (SAR) in 1912 and renumbered 732 to 746.
They were to form the basis for further development of the Pacific type that was to become the standard express passenger steam locomotive type in South Africa. They were handsome locomotives with their appearance enhanced by the use of planished steel plates for covering the boiler and cylinder lagging, and they were equipped with two whistles of different tones and a steam turbine generator to power the "Edwards" headlight.
The rest of the fleet remained unmodified and, unlike their Class 10A
, 10B
and 10C
successors, were never reboilered with Watson Standard boilers.
to Volksrust
on the Natal line and to Klerksdorp on the Cape line. In later years some were relocated to work in the Noupoort
area, while the rest were relegated to suburban work on the lines from Germiston to Kliprivier and the Springs-Nigel-Heidelberg branch, or for pick-up work on the Braamfontein-Klerksdorp line.
In 1961 they went to Port Elizabeth, initially to be used on the Uitenhage
suburban and finally as shunters, until they were scrapped between 1971 and 1972, after about 68 years in service.
Central South African Railways
From 1902 to 1904, the area of power of Lieutenant-Colonel Sir Percy Girouard later also included the lines of The Netherlands-South African Railway Company; together this dominion covered all lines in the Transvaal that belonged to NZASM ....
placed fifteen Class 10 steam locomotive
Steam locomotive
A steam locomotive is a railway locomotive that produces its power through a steam engine. These locomotives are fueled by burning some combustible material, usually coal, wood or oil, to produce steam in a boiler, which drives the steam engine...
s with a 4-6-2
4-6-2
4-6-2, in the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives, represents the wheel arrangement of four leading wheels on two axles , six powered and coupled driving wheels on three axles, and two trailing wheels on one axle .These locomotives are also known as Pacifics...
Pacific wheel arrangement in service. In 1912, when they were assimilated into the South African Railways, they were renumbered but retained their Class 10 classification.
Manufacturer
Fifteen 4-6-2 Pacific type passenger locomotives, designed by Central South African Railways (CSAR) Chief Locomotive Superintendent P.A. Hyde, were ordered from the North British Locomotive CompanyNorth British Locomotive Company
The North British Locomotive Company was created in 1903 through the merger of three Glasgow locomotive manufacturing companies; Sharp Stewart and Company , Neilson, Reid and Company and Dübs and Company , creating the largest locomotive manufacturing company in Europe.Its main factories were...
(NBL) and delivered in 1904, numbered 650 to 664. They had plate frames, wide Belpaire firebox
Belpaire firebox
The Belpaire firebox is a type of firebox used on steam locomotives. It was invented by Alfred Belpaire of Belgium. It has a greater surface area at the top of the firebox, improving heat transfer and steam production...
es, outside admission piston valves and Walschaerts valve gear, and were superheated.
They were classified as Class 10 by the CSAR, a classification that they retained when they were assimilated into the newly established South African Railways (SAR) in 1912 and renumbered 732 to 746.
Features
At the time, the Class 10 was of an extremely advanced design. At 7 in 4 in (2.24 m) above rail level, its boiler centre line was higher than that of any other locomotive in service in South Africa at the time.They were to form the basis for further development of the Pacific type that was to become the standard express passenger steam locomotive type in South Africa. They were handsome locomotives with their appearance enhanced by the use of planished steel plates for covering the boiler and cylinder lagging, and they were equipped with two whistles of different tones and a steam turbine generator to power the "Edwards" headlight.
Modifications
Two of the locomotives were later modified by the SAR. Number 745 was equipped with 1 inches (25.4 mm) larger diameter tyres on its coupled wheels, while number 746 was altered to suit a Type MP1 tender as well as the other listed permissible tender types. While the Type MP1 tender had the same coal capacity as the Type XM2 that the locomotives were delivered with, it had a 250 gallons (1,136.5 l) larger water capacity.The rest of the fleet remained unmodified and, unlike their Class 10A
South African Class 10A 4-6-2
In 1910 the Central South African Railways placed ten Class 10-2 4-6-2 Pacific steam locomotives in service, of which five were built with and five without superheaters...
, 10B
South African Class 10B 4-6-2
In March 1910 the Central South African Railways placed ten Class 10-2 steam locomotives with a 4-6-2 Pacific wheel arrangement in service, of which five were built with and five without superheaters. In 1912, when the five superheated locomotives were assimilated into the South African Railways,...
and 10C
South African Class 10C 4-6-2
In 1910 the Central South African Railways placed twelve Class 10-C 4-6-2 Pacific steam locomotives in service. When the South African Railways was established in 1912, these locomotives were renumbered and reclassified to Class 10C.-Manufacturer:...
successors, were never reboilered with Watson Standard boilers.
Service
The Class 10 was designed for use on the newly laid 80 lb/yd track of the CSAR, and it was placed in service hauling the fast passenger trains out of JohannesburgJohannesburg
Johannesburg also known as Jozi, Jo'burg or Egoli, is the largest city in South Africa, by population. Johannesburg is the provincial capital of Gauteng, the wealthiest province in South Africa, having the largest economy of any metropolitan region in Sub-Saharan Africa...
to Volksrust
Volksrust
Volksrust is a town in the Mpumalanga province of South Africa on the KwaZulu-Natal provincial border. The town has important beef, dairy, maize, sorghum, wool and sunflower seed industries. It was established near to where the Battle of Majuba, wherein the Transvaal won its independence back...
on the Natal line and to Klerksdorp on the Cape line. In later years some were relocated to work in the Noupoort
Noupoort
Noupoort is a town in the eastern Karoo region of South Africa which revolved principally around the railways and is still used as traction change-over facility from diesel to electric locomotives on the Noupoort-Bloemfontein line. It was serviced by Midlandia, a locomotive complex a few kilometers...
area, while the rest were relegated to suburban work on the lines from Germiston to Kliprivier and the Springs-Nigel-Heidelberg branch, or for pick-up work on the Braamfontein-Klerksdorp line.
In 1961 they went to Port Elizabeth, initially to be used on the Uitenhage
Uitenhage
Uitenhage is a South African town with 275,185 inhabitants in the Eastern Cape Province. It is well known for the Volkswagen factory located there, which is the biggest car factory on the African continent. The town's name is pronounced by English speakers and in Afrikaans...
suburban and finally as shunters, until they were scrapped between 1971 and 1972, after about 68 years in service.
Gallery
The main picture shows SAR 738 (ex CSAR 656) at Sydenham Loco depot in Port Elizabeth.See also
- South African Class 10A 4-6-2South African Class 10A 4-6-2In 1910 the Central South African Railways placed ten Class 10-2 4-6-2 Pacific steam locomotives in service, of which five were built with and five without superheaters...
- South African Class 10B 4-6-2South African Class 10B 4-6-2In March 1910 the Central South African Railways placed ten Class 10-2 steam locomotives with a 4-6-2 Pacific wheel arrangement in service, of which five were built with and five without superheaters. In 1912, when the five superheated locomotives were assimilated into the South African Railways,...
- South African Class 10C 4-6-2South African Class 10C 4-6-2In 1910 the Central South African Railways placed twelve Class 10-C 4-6-2 Pacific steam locomotives in service. When the South African Railways was established in 1912, these locomotives were renumbered and reclassified to Class 10C.-Manufacturer:...
- South African Class 10D 4-6-2South African Class 10D 4-6-2In 1910 the Central South African Railways placed one American built Class 10 4-6-2 Pacific steam locomotive in service. When the South African Railways was established in 1912, this locomotive was renumbered and reclassified to the sole Class 10D....
- Tender locomotive numbering and classification
- The 4-6-2 "Pacific"
- List of South African locomotive classes