Solomon ben Joshua Adeni (Hebrew:
שלמה בן יהושע) was a Mizrahi Jewish author and Talmudist, who lived during the first half of the 17th century at Sanaa and
AdenAden is a city in Yemen, 170 kilometres east of Bab-el-Mandeb.Aden's ancient, natural harbour lies in the crater of an extinct volcano which now forms a peninsula, joined to the mainland by a low isthmus. This harbour, Front Bay, was first used by the ancient Kingdom of Awsan between the 5th and...
in southern Arabia, from which town he received the name "Adeni" or "the Adenite." He was a pupil of the Talmudist
Bezalel AshkenaziBezalel ben Abraham Ashkenazi was a rabbi and scholar of the Talmud who lived in the Palestine during the 16th century. He is best known as the author of Shittah Mekubetzet, a commentary on the Talmud. He is very straightforward in his writings and occasionally offers textual amendments to the...
and of the kabbalist Hayyim Vital.
In 1624, or, according to other authorities, in 1622, he wrote a commentary on the
MishnahThe Mishnah or Mishna is the first major written redaction of the Jewish oral traditions called the "Oral Torah" and the first major work of Rabbinic Judaism. It was redacted c...
, entitled
Meleket Shelomoh (The Work of Solomon).
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Solomon ben Joshua Adeni (Hebrew:
שלמה בן יהושע) was a Mizrahi Jewish author and Talmudist, who lived during the first half of the 17th century at Sanaa and
AdenAden is a city in Yemen, 170 kilometres east of Bab-el-Mandeb.Aden's ancient, natural harbour lies in the crater of an extinct volcano which now forms a peninsula, joined to the mainland by a low isthmus. This harbour, Front Bay, was first used by the ancient Kingdom of Awsan between the 5th and...
in southern Arabia, from which town he received the name "Adeni" or "the Adenite." He was a pupil of the Talmudist
Bezalel AshkenaziBezalel ben Abraham Ashkenazi was a rabbi and scholar of the Talmud who lived in the Palestine during the 16th century. He is best known as the author of Shittah Mekubetzet, a commentary on the Talmud. He is very straightforward in his writings and occasionally offers textual amendments to the...
and of the kabbalist Hayyim Vital.
In 1624, or, according to other authorities, in 1622, he wrote a commentary on the
MishnahThe Mishnah or Mishna is the first major written redaction of the Jewish oral traditions called the "Oral Torah" and the first major work of Rabbinic Judaism. It was redacted c...
, entitled
Meleket Shelomoh (The Work of Solomon). Only a few fragments of this have been published, but they are quite sufficient to indicate the value of the whole work. In this commentary, Adeni exhibits considerable critical ability. He analyzes the Mishnah in a manner that is quite modern, and which is accompanied by a strictly scientific penetration that enables him to enter into the most minute details of the mishnaic text, its punctuation and spelling. The great value of Adeni's work was recognized by Manasseh ben Israel, who made use of its critical conclusions in his edition of the Mishnah of 1632. Adeni incorporated in his work Joseph Ashkenazi's valuable amendments to the Mishnah. In addition to his commentary he wrote
Dibre Emet (Words of Truth), which, according to Azulai, contains critical notes on the
MasorahMasorah or Mesora, refers either to the transmission of a tradition, or to the tradition itself.* In a broad sense the term can refer to the entire chain of Jewish tradition: see Oral law in Judaism....
. In 1854 the manuscript of
Meleket Shelomoh, his first work, was in the hands of Nathan Coronel of Jerusalem, whereas that of his second work,
Dibre Emet, seems to have been lost.
Jewish Encyclopedia Bibliography
- Azulai, Shem ha-Gedolim, I. letter Shin, No. 57; II. letter Daleth, No. 7;
- Sambary, ed. Neubauer, in Med. Jew. Chron. i. 152;
- Steinschneider, Cat. Bodl. No. 6890;
- idem, Hebr. Bibl. xvii. 54;
- Jew. Quart. Rev. 1898-99, xi. 339;
- Polak, Perush Bertinoro, Amsterdam, 1856;
- Kaufmann, in Monatsschrift, 1898, p. 40.