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Serranidae
 
 
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Serranidae is a large family
Family (biology)

In biological classification, family is a taxonomic rank. Exact details of formal nomenclature depend on the Nomenclature Codes which applies....
 of fish
Fish

A fish is any marine biology vertebrate animal that is typically ectothermic , covered with scale , and equipped with two sets of paired fins and several unpaired fins....
es, belonging to the order Perciformes
Perciformes

The Perciformes, also called the Percomorphi or Acanthopteri, include about 40% of all bony fish and are the largest order of vertebrata....
. The family contains about 450 species of serranids in 64 genera, including the sea basses
Bass (fish)

Bass is a name shared by many different species of popular gamefish. The term encompasses both fresh water and sea water species. All belong to the large order Perciformes, or perch-like fishes, and in fact the word bass comes from Middle English bars, meaning "perch." These are some of the best known species of bass:...
 and the grouper
Grouper

For other meanings, see Grouper .Groupers are fish of any of a number of genus in the subfamily Epinephelinae of the family Serranidae, in the order Perciformes....
s (subfamily Epinephelinae). They range in size from the belted sandfish
Belted sandfish

The belted sandfish, Serranus subligarius, is a member of the Serranidae family. It is hermaphroditic and inhabits primarily the Florida coast....
 (Serranus subligarius) which grows to 110 mm (4.33 in) up to the itajara (Epinephelus itajara) which grows to 2.4 m (94.5 in) and weighs up to .

Characteristics
Many serranid species are brightly colored, and many are caught commercially for food.






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Encyclopedia


Serranidae is a large family
Family (biology)

In biological classification, family is a taxonomic rank. Exact details of formal nomenclature depend on the Nomenclature Codes which applies....
 of fish
Fish

A fish is any marine biology vertebrate animal that is typically ectothermic , covered with scale , and equipped with two sets of paired fins and several unpaired fins....
es, belonging to the order Perciformes
Perciformes

The Perciformes, also called the Percomorphi or Acanthopteri, include about 40% of all bony fish and are the largest order of vertebrata....
. The family contains about 450 species of serranids in 64 genera, including the sea basses
Bass (fish)

Bass is a name shared by many different species of popular gamefish. The term encompasses both fresh water and sea water species. All belong to the large order Perciformes, or perch-like fishes, and in fact the word bass comes from Middle English bars, meaning "perch." These are some of the best known species of bass:...
 and the grouper
Grouper

For other meanings, see Grouper .Groupers are fish of any of a number of genus in the subfamily Epinephelinae of the family Serranidae, in the order Perciformes....
s (subfamily Epinephelinae). They range in size from the belted sandfish
Belted sandfish

The belted sandfish, Serranus subligarius, is a member of the Serranidae family. It is hermaphroditic and inhabits primarily the Florida coast....
 (Serranus subligarius) which grows to 110 mm (4.33 in) up to the itajara (Epinephelus itajara) which grows to 2.4 m (94.5 in) and weighs up to .

Characteristics


Many serranid species are brightly colored, and many are caught commercially for food. They are usually found over reef
Reef

In nautical terminology, a reef is a Rock , bar , or other feature lying beneath the surface of the water .Many reefs result from abiotic processes?deposition of sand, wave erosion planning down rock outcrops, and other natural processes?but the best-known reefs are the coral reefs of tropical waters developed through biotic processes do...
s, in tropical to sub-tropical waters along the coasts. Serranids are generally robust in form, with large mouths and small spines on the gill coverings. They typically have several rows of sharp teeth, usually with a pair of particularly large, canine-like teeth projecting from the lower jaw.

All serranids are carnivorous. Although some species only feed on zooplankton
Zooplankton

Zooplankton are the heterotrophic type of plankton. Plankton are organisms drifting in the Pelagic zone of oceans, seas, and bodies of fresh water....
, the majority feed on fish and crustaceans. They are typically ambush predators, hiding in cover on the reef and darting out to grab passing prey. Their bright colours are most likely a form of disruptive camouflage, similar to the stripes of a tiger
Tiger

The tiger is a member of the Felidae family; the largest of the four "big cats" in the genus Panthera. Native to much of eastern and southern Asia, the tiger is an apex predator and an Carnivore#Obligate carnivores....
.

Many species are protogynous hermaphrodite
Hermaphrodite

A hermaphrodite is an organism having both male and female reproductive organs. In many species, hermaphroditism is a common part of the life-cycle, enabling a form of sexual reproduction in which partners are not separated into distinct male and female types of individual....
s, meaning that they start out as females and change sex to male later in life. They produce large quantities of eggs and their larvae are planktonic, generally at the mercy of ocean currents until they are ready to settle into adult populations.

Classification


  • Subfamily Anthiinae
    Anthiinae

    Perhaps the quintessential "reef fish," anthias make up a sizeable portion of the population of pink, orange and yellow fishes seen swarming in most coral reef photography and film....
    • Anatolanthias
    • Anthias
    • Caesioperca
    • Caprodon
    • Dactylanthias
    • Giganthias
    • Hemanthias
    • Holanthias
    • Hypoplectrodes
    • Lepidoperca
    • Luzonichthys
    • Nemanthias
    • Odontanthias
    • Othos
    • Plectranthias
      Plectranthias

      Plectranthias is a genus of Serranidae fishes, mostly rather small with large mouths and eyes close together. There are currently 44 described species....
    • Pronotogrammus
    • Pseudanthias
      Pseudanthias

      Pseudanthias is a genus of the subfamily Anthiinae . Fishbase describes 61 species belonging to this genus:*Pseudanthias albofasciatus , ,...
    • Rabaulichthys
    • Sacura
    • Selenanthias
    • Serranocirrhitus
    • Tosana
    • Tosanoides
    • Trachypoma
  • Subfamily Epinephelinae (groupers)
    • Aethaloperca
    • Alphestes
    • Anyperodon
    • Aulacocephalus
    • Cephalopholis
      Cephalopholis

      Cephalopholis is a genus of fish in the Serranidae family.It contains the following species:*Blue-Spotted Grouper * chocolate hind *graysby ...
    • Chromileptes
      Chromileptes

      Chromileptes is a genus of fish in the Serranidae family.It contains the following species:* Humpback grouper ...
    • Dermatolepis
      Dermatolepis

      Dermatolepis is a genus of fish in the Serranidae family.It contains the following species:* marbled grouper * smooth grouper ...
    • Epinephelides
      Epinephelides

      Epinephelides is a genus of fish in the Serranidae family.It contains the following species:* black-arse cod ...
    • Epinephelus
      Epinephelus

      Epinephelus is a genus of groupers. They are large sea fish. Members of this genus may also be called a Mero....
    • Gonioplectrus
    • Gracila
    • Grammistops
    • Mycteroperca
      Mycteroperca

      Mycteroperca is a genus of fish in the family Serranidae, subfamily Epinephelinae .It contains the following species:* Black grouper * Venezuelan grouper ...
    • Niphon
    • Paranthias
    • Plectropomus
      Plectropomus

      Plectropomus is a genus of fish in the Serranidae family.Species*Plectropomus areolatus, Squaretail coralgrouper ...
    • Pogonoperca
    • Saloptia
    • Triso
    • Variola
      Variola (Serranidae)

      Variola is a genus of fish in the Serranidae family.Species*Variola albimarginata*Variola loutiReferences...
  • Subfamily Grammistinae (soapfishes)
    • Belonoperca
    • Rypticus
    • Diploprion
    • Aporops
    • Pseudogramma
    • Suttonia
      Suttonia

      Suttonia is a genus of fish in the Serranidae family.Species*Suttonia lineata*Suttonia suttoniReferences...
    • Grammistes
      Grammistes

      Grammistes is a genus of Serranidae. It contains only one species, the sixline soapfish or Grammistes sexlineatus ...
  • Subfamily Liopropomatinae
    • Bathyanthias
    • Jeboehlkia
    • Liopropoma
    • Rainfordia
  • Subfamily Serraninae
    • Acanthistius
      Acanthistius

      Acanthistius is a genus of groupers, large Marine fish....
    • Bullisichthys
    • Centropristis
    • Chelidoperca
    • Cratinus
    • Diplectrum
    • Hypoplectrus
    • Paralabrax
    • Parasphyraenops
    • Schultzea
    • Serraniculus
    • Serranus
      Serranus

      Serranus is a genus of fish in the Serranidae family.It contains the following species:* meo viejo * Serranus cabrilla * Painted comber ...
  • incertae sedis
    Incertae sedis

    Incertae sedis , abbreviation "inc. sed.", is a term used to define a taxonomy group where its broader relationships are unknown or undefined....
    • Caesioscorpis
    • Hemilutjanus


Images of serranids