In the United States,
second grade (called
grade 2 in
metric systemThe metric system is an international decimalised system of measurement, first adopted by France in 1791, that is the common system of measuring units used by most of the world. It exists in several variations, with different choices of fundamental units, though the choice of base units does not...
countries) is a year of
primary educationA primary school is an institution where children receive the first stage of compulsory education known as primary or elementary education. Primary school is the preferred term in the United Kingdom and many Commonwealth Nations, and in most publications of the United Nations Educational,...
. Second grade is the second school year after
kindergartenis a form of education for young children which serves as a transition from home to the commencement of more formal schooling. Children are taught to develop basic skills through creative play and social interaction. In most countries kindergarten is part of the preschool system of early childhood...
. Students are traditionally 6–9 years old.
In
mathematicsMathematics is the science and study of quantity, structure, space, and change. Mathematicians seek out patterns, formulate new conjectures, and establish truth by rigorous deduction from appropriately chosen axioms and definitions....
, students are taught place value to
hundred100 is the natural number following 99 and preceding 101.- In mathematics :One hundred is the square of 10...
s or thousands, and renaming with
additionAddition is the mathematical process of combining quantities. It is signified by the plus sign . For example, in the picture on the right, there are 3 + 2 apples—meaning three apples and two other apples—which is the same as five apples. Therefore, 3 + 2 = 5...
and
subtractionSubtraction is one of the four basic arithmetic operations; it is the inverse of addition, meaning that if we start with any number and add any number and then subtract the same number we added, we return to the number we started with...
. Measurement is extended to the meter,
footThe foot is an anatomical structure found in many vertebrates. It is the terminal portion of a limb which bears weight and allows locomotion...
,
yardA yard is a unit of length in several different systems, including English units, Imperial units, and United States customary units. It is equal to 3 feet or 36 inches, although its length in SI units varied slightly from system to system...
,
kilogramThe kilogram is the base unit of mass in the International System of Units .[The spelling kilogram is the modern spelling used by the International Bureau of Weights and Measures , the U.S...]
,
poundThe pound or pound-mass is a unit of mass used in the imperial, United States customary and other systems of measurement...
, and
pintThe pint is an English unit of volume or capacity in the imperial system and United States customary units. The imperial version is 20 imperial fluid ounces and is equivalent to 568.26 mL, while the U.S. version is 16 U.S. fluid ounces and is equivalent to 473 mL...
. Usually
multiplicationMultiplication is the mathematical operation of scaling one number by another. It is one of the four basic operations in elementary arithmetic ....
and
divisionright|thumb|200px|In mathematics, especially in elementary arithmetic, division is the arithmetic operation that is the inverse of multiplication...
is introduced towards the end of the school year.
In the United States,
second grade (called
grade 2 in
metric systemThe metric system is an international decimalised system of measurement, first adopted by France in 1791, that is the common system of measuring units used by most of the world. It exists in several variations, with different choices of fundamental units, though the choice of base units does not...
countries) is a year of
primary educationA primary school is an institution where children receive the first stage of compulsory education known as primary or elementary education. Primary school is the preferred term in the United Kingdom and many Commonwealth Nations, and in most publications of the United Nations Educational,...
. Second grade is the second school year after
kindergartenis a form of education for young children which serves as a transition from home to the commencement of more formal schooling. Children are taught to develop basic skills through creative play and social interaction. In most countries kindergarten is part of the preschool system of early childhood...
. Students are traditionally 6–9 years old.
In
mathematicsMathematics is the science and study of quantity, structure, space, and change. Mathematicians seek out patterns, formulate new conjectures, and establish truth by rigorous deduction from appropriately chosen axioms and definitions....
, students are taught place value to
hundred100 is the natural number following 99 and preceding 101.- In mathematics :One hundred is the square of 10...
s or thousands, and renaming with
additionAddition is the mathematical process of combining quantities. It is signified by the plus sign . For example, in the picture on the right, there are 3 + 2 apples—meaning three apples and two other apples—which is the same as five apples. Therefore, 3 + 2 = 5...
and
subtractionSubtraction is one of the four basic arithmetic operations; it is the inverse of addition, meaning that if we start with any number and add any number and then subtract the same number we added, we return to the number we started with...
. Measurement is extended to the meter,
footThe foot is an anatomical structure found in many vertebrates. It is the terminal portion of a limb which bears weight and allows locomotion...
,
yardA yard is a unit of length in several different systems, including English units, Imperial units, and United States customary units. It is equal to 3 feet or 36 inches, although its length in SI units varied slightly from system to system...
,
kilogramThe kilogram is the base unit of mass in the International System of Units .[The spelling kilogram is the modern spelling used by the International Bureau of Weights and Measures , the U.S...]
,
poundThe pound or pound-mass is a unit of mass used in the imperial, United States customary and other systems of measurement...
, and
pintThe pint is an English unit of volume or capacity in the imperial system and United States customary units. The imperial version is 20 imperial fluid ounces and is equivalent to 568.26 mL, while the U.S. version is 16 U.S. fluid ounces and is equivalent to 473 mL...
. Usually
multiplicationMultiplication is the mathematical operation of scaling one number by another. It is one of the four basic operations in elementary arithmetic ....
and
divisionright|thumb|200px|In mathematics, especially in elementary arithmetic, division is the arithmetic operation that is the inverse of multiplication...
is introduced towards the end of the school year. Addition and subtraction facts are practiced throughout the year. Students also learn about plane and solid shapes in
geometryGeometry arose as the field of knowledge dealing with spatial relationships. Geometry was one of the two fields of pre-modern mathematics, the other being the study of numbers....
and explore how they are apparent in our everyday lives. Some second grade topics in math can be explored at the following website.
In
readingReading is a complex cognitive process of decoding symbols for the intention of deriving meaning and/or constructing meaning...
, students read to perform a task using fictional and non-fictional texts, and learn about
story elementsA short story is a work of fiction that is usually written in prose, often in narrative format. This format or medium tends to be more pointed than longer works of fiction, such as novellas and novels or books...
, text features, and character traits. In many counties and districts, schools have reading benchmarks that students need to meet by the end of each quarter and/or school year.
Students in second grade also learn the basics of
grammarIn linguistics, grammar is the set of logical and structural rules that govern the composition of sentences, phrases, and words in any given natural language. The term refers also to the study of such rules, and this field includes morphology and syntax, often complemented by phonetics, phonology,...
in writing, including
subject-In knowledge and education:* An area of knowledge, a topic, an area of interest or study*Course , a unit of academic instruction**List of academic disciplines*Subject , one of two main constituent parts of a sentence...
,
verbkalleah hit meIn syntax, a verb is a word that usually denotes an action , an occurrence , or a state of being . Depending on the language, a verb may vary in form according to many factors, possibly including its tense, aspect, mood and voice...
s, and
adjectiveIn grammar, an adjective is a word whose main syntactic role is to modify a noun or pronoun, giving more information about the noun or pronoun's referent...
s. They also write to inform, to express personal ideas, and to persuade.
In the U.S. it is also common for second graders to be introduced to
cursiveCursive is any style of handwriting that is designed for writing notes and letters quickly by hand. In the Arabic, Latin, and Cyrillic writing systems, the letters in a word are connected, making a word one single complex stroke...
.
Although the U.S. does not formally have national grade standards, there are groups selected by the Department of Education to develop standards which are generally used by each State to set their own standards. For mathematics, it is the
National Council of Teachers of MathematicsThe National Council of Teachers of Mathematics was founded in 1920. It has grown to be the world's largest organization concerned with mathematics education, having close to 100,000 members across the USA and Canada, and internationally....
. There is an English guide to the second grade maths standards and expectations. This description was built by using the major states as a norm.
In
IrelandIreland is the third-largest island in Europe and the twentieth-largest island in the world. It lies to the north-west of continental Europe and is surrounded by hundreds of islands and islets. To the east of Ireland, separated by the Irish Sea, is the island of Great Britain...
, the equivalent is known as
Senior Infants (for 5-6 year olds) which is year 2 of Primary School.
At the same age,
EnglishEducation in England is overseen by the Department for Children, Schools and Families and the Department for Business, Innovation and Skills. At a local level the local authorities take responsibility for implementing policy for public education and state schools.Full-time education is compulsory...
,
ScottishScotland has a long history of universal provision of public education, and the Scottish education system is distinctly different from other parts of the United Kingdom....
and
WelshEducation in Wales differs in certain respects from the systems used elsewhere in the United Kingdom.A significant number of students all over Wales are educated either wholly or largely through the medium of Welsh; lessons in the language are compulsory for all until the age of 16...
pupils are in their third year of compulsory education and in their fourth year in
Northern IrelandEducation in Northern Ireland differs slightly from systems used elsewhere in the United Kingdom, though it is more similar to that used in England and Wales than it is to Scotland. A child's age on 1 July determines the point of entry into the relevant stage of education unlike England and Wales...
.
In Brazil now, the time for elementary school were recently raised from 8 to 9 years, and the minimum age required to the second grade was changed from 6 to 7 years old.