SM53
Encyclopedia
The SM53, also called Høka trams after the manufacturer Hønefoss karosserifabrikk, were a tram model which operated for more than 40 years on the Oslo Tramway. A number of these trams were later rebuilt and became known as SM83 trams.
The trams were based on the Swedish Mustang trams, and were delivered with Swedish electronics. The Høka gained a reputation and legacy as very reliable and successful. Between 1982 and 1983, the trams were converted to one man operation
. The SM53 trams were retired between 1990 and 1997.
The first batch of 30 Høka trams were built between 1952 and 1953, numbered 204-233. These were originally designated MBO 50. The second batch of 12 trams was built in 1957, designated MBO 55, and numbered 234-245. The final batch, numbered 246-253 was built in 1958, and designated MBO 56. The designations were later revised to SM53/I, SM53/II, and SM53/III respectively. The trams were 14.7 metres long, 2.5 metres wide, and had a weight of 16.9 tons.
Tram nos 215, 234 and 247 are preserved by the Oslo Tramway Museum
.. Also tram no 249 is preserved.
). A total of 11 trams were rebuilt, all of them at the tram company's workshop at Sagene
.
The rebuilding included a new front, new interior, and updated electronics. The bogie
s and frames were kept from the original model. The last journey with an SM83 took place February 27, 2000. The SM83 trams were at the end of their service numbered 201 to 211..
Tram no 207 is preserved by the Oslo Tramway Museum. No 201 is preserved in Gothenburg, no 203 at Skjoldnærholm, Denmark and no 210 in Stockholm.
and Hønefoss karosserifabrikk, and were numbered 551 to 580. Between 1984 and 1985, the trailers were rebuilt to make them unmanned. The seat for the conductor was removed, and automatic doors were installed. Trailer number 563 is preserved by the Oslo Tram Museum.
The ST89 trailers were originally built by Hägglunds around 1953 for the Gothenburg
tramway, then designated S27. Ten units were sold sold to Oslo round 1985, and were numbered 582 to 591. These trailers were usually pulled by SM83 trams. For the 11th SM83 tram, ST55 trailer no 565, later rebuilt to ST86 standard, was used. Trailer no 586 is preserved by the Oslo Tram Museum.
No 589 is preserved in Gothenburg.
The trams were based on the Swedish Mustang trams, and were delivered with Swedish electronics. The Høka gained a reputation and legacy as very reliable and successful. Between 1982 and 1983, the trams were converted to one man operation
One Person Train Operation
One-man operation , driver-only operation or one person operation is a method of train or bus operation in which the vehicle is operated by the motorman or driver alone without a conductor.-Japan:...
. The SM53 trams were retired between 1990 and 1997.
The first batch of 30 Høka trams were built between 1952 and 1953, numbered 204-233. These were originally designated MBO 50. The second batch of 12 trams was built in 1957, designated MBO 55, and numbered 234-245. The final batch, numbered 246-253 was built in 1958, and designated MBO 56. The designations were later revised to SM53/I, SM53/II, and SM53/III respectively. The trams were 14.7 metres long, 2.5 metres wide, and had a weight of 16.9 tons.
Tram nos 215, 234 and 247 are preserved by the Oslo Tramway Museum
Oslo Tramway Museum
Oslo Tramway Museum with 450 members. The museum also operates a heritage tramway in Vinterbro outside Oslo.LTF was founded in 1966, six years after the city council had decided to close down the tramway and trolleybus. This followed the closing of the Bergen Tramway, where only a single tram had...
.. Also tram no 249 is preserved.
SM83
The project of rebuilding SM53 trams was implemented to extend their life for another 10 to 15 years until all tram services could be operated by articulated trams (such as the SL79SL79
SL79 is a class of 40 articulated trams operated by the Oslo Tramway of Norway. The trams were a variation of the Duewag trams that had been developed by the German manufacturer since the 1950s. The six-axle vehicles are unidirectional with four doors on the right side. The trams can seat 77...
). A total of 11 trams were rebuilt, all of them at the tram company's workshop at Sagene
Sagene
Sagene is a borough of the city of Oslo, Norway. The area became part of the city of Oslo in 1859.The name Sagene itself is the plural of the Norwegian word for "saw", reflecting all the old industrial mechanical saws powered by the river Akerselvain this area in the 19th and early 20th...
.
The rebuilding included a new front, new interior, and updated electronics. The bogie
Bogie
A bogie is a wheeled wagon or trolley. In mechanics terms, a bogie is a chassis or framework carrying wheels, attached to a vehicle. It can be fixed in place, as on a cargo truck, mounted on a swivel, as on a railway carriage/car or locomotive, or sprung as in the suspension of a caterpillar...
s and frames were kept from the original model. The last journey with an SM83 took place February 27, 2000. The SM83 trams were at the end of their service numbered 201 to 211..
Tram no 207 is preserved by the Oslo Tramway Museum. No 201 is preserved in Gothenburg, no 203 at Skjoldnærholm, Denmark and no 210 in Stockholm.
Trailers
Although the SM53 were originally intended to be run with the motor car only, it was soon found that it would be beneficial to run trams with trailers. Attempts to use old two-axled trailers showed them to be unsatisfactory, and a series of thirty bogie-trailers were ordered. These Høka trailers were designated ST55, were built by StrømmensStrømmens Værksted
Strømmens Værksted A/S was an industrial company based in Skedsmo, Norway, specializing in the production of rolling stock. Founded in 1873, it remains as a part of Bombardier Transportation...
and Hønefoss karosserifabrikk, and were numbered 551 to 580. Between 1984 and 1985, the trailers were rebuilt to make them unmanned. The seat for the conductor was removed, and automatic doors were installed. Trailer number 563 is preserved by the Oslo Tram Museum.
The ST89 trailers were originally built by Hägglunds around 1953 for the Gothenburg
Gothenburg
Gothenburg is the second-largest city in Sweden and the fifth-largest in the Nordic countries. Situated on the west coast of Sweden, the city proper has a population of 519,399, with 549,839 in the urban area and total of 937,015 inhabitants in the metropolitan area...
tramway, then designated S27. Ten units were sold sold to Oslo round 1985, and were numbered 582 to 591. These trailers were usually pulled by SM83 trams. For the 11th SM83 tram, ST55 trailer no 565, later rebuilt to ST86 standard, was used. Trailer no 586 is preserved by the Oslo Tram Museum.
No 589 is preserved in Gothenburg.
See also
- GB Class 3GB Class 3GB Class 3 was a single tram and trailer built by Hønefoss Karosserifabrikk for Graakalbanen of Trondheim, Norway.Each of the four Siemens motors had an effect of . The trams were criticized for not having sufficient space for baby buggies. Despite running in part in city streets, the trams were ...
, Trams built by Hønefoss karosserifabrikk for the Gråkall Line in Trondheim.