Romanian Police

The Romanian Police is the national police

Police

The police is a personification of the state designated to put in practice the enforced law, protect property and reduce civil disorder in civilian matters. Their powers include the legitimized use of force...

 force and main civil law enforcement agency in Romania

Romania

Romania is a country located at the crossroads of Central and Southeastern Europe, on the Lower Danube, within and outside the Carpathian arch, bordering on the Black Sea...

. It is subordinated to the Ministry of Interior and Administrative Reform.

Duties

The Romanian Police are responsible for:

• the protection of the fundamental rights and liberties of the citizens and of the private and public property
• the prevention and identification of criminal offenses and their perpetrators
• maintaining the public order and safety

Organization

General Inspectorate of Romanian Police is the central unit of police in Romania, which manages, guides, supports and controls the activity of the Romanian police units, investigates and analyses very serious crimes related to organized crime, economic, financial or banking criminality, or to other crimes which make the object of the criminal cases investigated by the Prosecutor’s Office of the Supreme Court of Justice, and which has any other attributions assigned by law.

The organizational chart of General Inspectorate of Romanian Police includes general directorates, directorates, services and, offices established by the order of the Minister of Administration and Interior.

The General Inspectorate is under the command of a General Inspector appointed by the Minister of Administration and Interior.

Central units

• General Directorate for Countering the Organized Crime
  Organized crime
  Organized crime or criminal organizations are transnational, national, or local groupings of highly centralized enterprises run by criminals for the purpose of engaging in illegal activity, most commonly for monetary profit. Some criminal organizations, such as terrorist organizations, are...
  
  - with 5 central directorates (Anti-Drug Directorate, Directorate of Combating Human Trafficking
  Human trafficking
  Human trafficking is the illegal trade of human beings for the purposes of reproductive slavery, commercial sexual exploitation, forced labor, or a modern-day form of slavery...
  
  , Cyber Crime Directorate, Directorate of Combating Terrorism
  Terrorism
  Terrorism is the systematic use of terror, especially as a means of coercion. In the international community, however, terrorism has no universally agreed, legally binding, criminal law definition...
  
   Financing and Money Laundering
  Money laundering
  Money laundering is the process of disguising illegal sources of money so that it looks like it came from legal sources. The methods by which money may be laundered are varied and can range in sophistication. Many regulatory and governmental authorities quote estimates each year for the amount...
  
  , Special Operations Directorate) and 15 regional Brigades of Countering Organized Criminality. These Brigades are specialized units and have the mission to fight against organized crime
  Organized crime
  Organized crime or criminal organizations are transnational, national, or local groupings of highly centralized enterprises run by criminals for the purpose of engaging in illegal activity, most commonly for monetary profit. Some criminal organizations, such as terrorist organizations, are...
  
  , drug trafficking, human trafficking
  Human trafficking
  Human trafficking is the illegal trade of human beings for the purposes of reproductive slavery, commercial sexual exploitation, forced labor, or a modern-day form of slavery...
  
  , illegal migration, cyber crime, serious financial frauds, financing terrorism
  Terrorism
  Terrorism is the systematic use of terror, especially as a means of coercion. In the international community, however, terrorism has no universally agreed, legally binding, criminal law definition...
  
   and money laundering
  Money laundering
  Money laundering is the process of disguising illegal sources of money so that it looks like it came from legal sources. The methods by which money may be laundered are varied and can range in sophistication. Many regulatory and governmental authorities quote estimates each year for the amount...
  
  .

• General Directorate for Criminal Investigations - with 3 central directorates: Fraud Investigations Directorate, Criminal Investigations Directorate, Directorate of Firearms, Explosives and Toxic Substances.

• General Directorate for Public Safety Police - with 3 central directorates: Public Order Directorate, Traffic Police Directorate, Transport Police Directorate.

• General Directorate for Administrative Police - with 4 central directorates: Forensics Institute, Directorate for Criminal Records, Statistics and Operational Registry, Directorate for Logistics Management, the Directorate for IT&C.

Under the command of the General Inspectorate of the Romanian Police operates a specialized intervention squad, The Independent Service of Special Interventions and Operations

Serviciul Independent pentru Interventii si Actiuni Speciale

The Serviciul Independent pentru Intervenţii şi Acţiuni Speciale is a Romanian Police task force created in 1995 as part of the Counter-Organized crime Squad....

.

Territorial units

The Romanian Police is divided into 41 County Police Inspectorates, corresponding to each county (judeţ

Judet

A județ is an administrative division in Romania, and was also used for some time in Moldova, before that country switched to raions.Județ translates into English as jurisdiction, but is commonly mistranslated as county .The territory of Romania is divided for administrative purposes into 41...

), and The Bucharest

Bucharest

Bucharest is the capital municipality, cultural, industrial, and financial centre of Romania. It is the largest city in Romania, located in the southeast of the country, at , and lies on the banks of the Dâmbovița River....

 General Directorate of Police.

Each County Police Inspectorate has a rapid reaction unit (Detaşamentul de Poliţie pentru Intervenţie Rapidă

Detasamentul de Politie pentru Interventie Rapida

Detaşamentul Poliţiei pentru Intervenţie Rapidă is the common name in Romania for county-level police rapid intervention units....

, Police Rapid Intervention Squad). The similar unit attached to the Bucharest Police is called Serviciul de Poliţie pentru Intervenţie Rapidă

Serviciul de Politie pentru Interventie Rapida

The Serviciul de Poliţie pentru Intervenţie Rapidă was created in 1999, as a Romanian Police special operations unit for Bucharest.SPIR is divided in five units:...

(Police Rapid Intervention Service).

Ranks

Before 2002, the National Police had military status and a military ranking system (see Romanian Armed Forces ranks and insignia

Romanian Armed Forces ranks and insignia

- Branch colors in the Romanian Armed Forces :The colors depend on the service branch the bearer is a member of. They show on the shoulder slides which hold the rank insignia, on the band of combination caps, and on collar insignia....

). In June 2002 it became a civilian police force (the first police service in Eastern Europe

Eastern Europe

Eastern Europe is the eastern part of Europe. The term has widely disparate geopolitical, geographical, cultural and socioeconomic readings, which makes it highly context-dependent and even volatile, and there are "almost as many definitions of Eastern Europe as there are scholars of the region"...

 to do so) and its personnel was structured into two corps:

• Corpul ofiţerilor de poliţie (Police Officers Corps) - corresponding to the commissioned ranks of a military force, to the ranks of Inspector
  Inspector
  Inspector is both a police rank and an administrative position, both used in a number of contexts. However, it is not an equivalent rank in each police force.- Australia :...
  
  , Superintendent
  Superintendent (police)
  Superintendent , often shortened to "super", is a rank in British police services and in most English-speaking Commonwealth nations. In many Commonwealth countries the full version is superintendent of police...
  
   and Commissioner
  Police commissioner
  Commissioner is a senior rank used in many police forces and may be rendered Police Commissioner or Commissioner of Police. In some organizations, the commissioner is a political appointee, and may or may not actually be a professional police officer. In these circumstances, there is often a...
  
   in a British-style police force or to the both Corps de conception et de direction and Corps de commande et d'encadrement in the French National Police
  French National Police
  The National Police , formerly the Sûreté Nationale, is one of two national police forces and the main civil law enforcement agency of France, with primary jurisdiction in cities and large towns. The other main agency is the military Gendarmerie, with primary jurisdiction in smaller towns and rural...
  
   (Police Nationale).

Rank	Shoulder insignia	Translated as	Military rank equivalent	French police rank equivalent	British Metropolitan Police Metropolitan Police Service The Metropolitan Police Service is the territorial police force responsible for Greater London, excluding the "square mile" of the City of London which is the responsibility of the City of London Police...  rank equivalent
Chestor-general de poliţie		Police Quaestor-General	General	Directeur des services actifs	Commissioner
Chestor-şef de poliţie		Police Chief-Quaestor	Lieutenant General	Inspecteur général	Assistant Commissioner Assistant Commissioner Assistant commissioner is a rank used in many police forces across the globe. It is also a rank used in revenue administrations in many countries.-Australia:...
Chestor principal de poliţie		Police Principal Quaestor	Major General	Contrôleur général	Deputy Assistant Commissioner Deputy Assistant Commissioner Deputy assistant commissioner is a rank in London's Metropolitan Police Service between assistant commissioner and commander. It is equivalent to deputy chief constable in other British police forces and wears the same insignia: a pip above crossed tipstaves within a wreath.The rank was introduced...
Chestor de poliţie		Police Quaestor	Brigadier General	Contrôleur général	Commander Commander Commander is a naval rank which is also sometimes used as a military title depending on the individual customs of a given military service. Commander is also used as a rank or title in some organizations outside of the armed forces, particularly in police and law enforcement.-Commander as a naval...
Comisar-şef de poliţie		Police Chief-Commissioner Police commissioner Commissioner is a senior rank used in many police forces and may be rendered Police Commissioner or Commissioner of Police. In some organizations, the commissioner is a political appointee, and may or may not actually be a professional police officer. In these circumstances, there is often a...	Colonel	Commissaire divisionnaire	Chief Superintendent Chief Superintendent Chief superintendent is a senior rank in police forces organised on the British model.- United Kingdom :In the British police, a chief superintendent is senior to a superintendent and junior to an assistant chief constable .The highest rank below Chief Officer level, chief...
Comisar de poliţie		Police Commissioner	Lieutenant Colonel	Commissaire de police	Superintendent Grade I
Subcomisar de poliţie		Police Sub-Commissioner	Major	Commandant	Superintendent
Inspector principal de poliţie		Police Principal Inspector Inspector Inspector is both a police rank and an administrative position, both used in a number of contexts. However, it is not an equivalent rank in each police force.- Australia :...	Captain	Capitaine	Chief Inspector Chief inspector Chief inspector is a rank used in police forces which follow the British model. In countries outside Britain, it is sometimes referred to as chief inspector of police .-Australia:...
Inspector de poliţie		Police Inspector	Lieutenant	Lieutenant	Inspector
Subinspector de poliţie		Police Sub-Inspector	Second Lieutenant	Lieutenant intern	Temporary/Probationary Inspector

• Corpul agenţilor de poliţie (Police Agents Corps) - corresponding to the non-commissioned
  Non-commissioned officer
  A non-commissioned officer , called a sub-officer in some countries, is a military officer who has not been given a commission...
  
   ranks of a military force, to the Corps de maîtrise et d'application in the French National Police or to the ranks of Constable
  Constable
  A constable is a person holding a particular office, most commonly in law enforcement. The office of constable can vary significantly in different jurisdictions.-Etymology:...
  
   or Sergeant
  Sergeant
  Sergeant is a rank used in some form by most militaries, police forces, and other uniformed organizations around the world. Its origins are the Latin serviens, "one who serves", through the French term Sergent....
  
  in a British-style police force.

Rank	Shoulder insignia	Translated as	Military rank equivalent	French police rank equivalent	British police rank equivalent
Agent-şef principal de poliţie		Police Principal Chief Agent	Sergeant Major	Brigadier-major	Station Sergeant
Agent-şef de poliţie		Police Chief Agent	Master Sergeant	Brigadier-chef	Station Sergeant
Agent-şef adjunct de poliţie		Police Deputy Chief Agent	Sergeant First Class	Brigadier	Sergeant
Agent principal de poliţie		Police Principal Agent	Staff Sergeant	Gardien de la paix	Acting Sergeant
Agent de poliţie		Police Agent	Sergeant	Gardien de la paix stagiare	Constable