Rochester, Nevada
Encyclopedia
Rochester, Nevada, was a silver-mining town in Pershing County, Nevada
, approximately 110 mi (177 km) east of Reno
. It is now a ghost town
. Lower Rochester is still available to visitors; Upper Rochester has been buried under mine tailings
of the more recent Coeur Rochester open pit mine.
was discovered here in the 1860s by immigrants from Rochester, New York
, there was only one camp, at the upper end of the canyon. Later this would become known as Rochester Heights (often, along with Upper Rochester, called “Old Town”). Exploration and mining was on a fairly small scale from the 1860s, with the ore processed on a small scale, or shipped by wagon to larger towns for milling.
Although there was always a presence of sorts in Rochester from 1861 on, it wasn’t until a discovery by Joseph Nenzel of rich silver ore in 1912 that Rochester became a true boomtown. By November 1912, as word of the find spread, people streamed into the area. The town expanded, and Upper Rochester came into being, as well as the beginnings of what became known as Lower Rochester. Rochester Heights was soon lumped in with Upper Rochester, and those towns became collectively known as Old Town, with Lower Rochester being the new town. Rochester Canyon is a fairly narrow canyon, with steep slopes on either side of the narrow canyon floor, and so the camps tended to spread down the canyon, rather than outwards. As more and more people came to the area, the two camps soon boasted saloons, hotel
s, and other businesses. Upper and Lower Rochester became thriving mining sites, with a population exceeding 1,500. Most of the commercial district was in Upper Rochester, with Lower Rochester having the mill and other mining support facilities. The town boasted of having The Rochester Philharmonic Orchestra.
In 1914 the Nevada Short Line Railway
extended its tracks from Orena, which was east of Rochester. The railway was then operating up into Limerick Canyon from Orena, but a spur was built which branched off into Rochester Canyon as far as Lower Rochester. In August 1915 the railway extended tracks up the canyon through Upper Rochester to reach the mine at the end of the canyon, with the intention that the ore could be hauled down to the milling operations in Lower Rochester. The operation of the railroad was undependable at best, however. Equipment difficulties (the railroad was using old second-hand locomotives), fires, accidents, along with the vagaries of the management of the railway (it went into receivership in late 1915, but was given one last chance by a District Court judge in Reno to be profitable), meant that the mines could never depend entirely on the railroad. The railway struggled to make a profit and operate on a reasonable schedule through 1915 and into 1916, but the mines were not happy about the service. Finally, having had enough, the mine announced in September 1916 that it would build a tramway from the mines down to the mill in Lower Rochester. By mid-1917 the tramway was in operation, and the days of the Nevada Short Line were numbered. It again went into receivership in 1918, and finally by 1919 it was completely shut down, and the equipment sold off. The rails were ripped up and completely gone by 1920.
Transportation problems did not stop mining; the mine continued to operate until 1942, producing over $9 million dollars in silver and gold. Rochester as a town, however, began to wane slowly after 1922, and by 1926 the post office had closed, as had many businesses. After 1942 the mine was shuttered for long periods, operating only intermittently as silver and gold prices warranted. Most people had completely left the area by 1951, and at best there was “caretaker” status by a few resolute souls who lived on and off in the few remaining buildings.
In 1986 Coeur d'Alene Mines began large scale open pit mining operations on Nenzel Hill and beyond. This new operation (Coeur Rochester, and in 2003 the nearby Packard Mine) has buried nearly all of Upper Rochester under large mine tailing piles. Lower Rochester still has many foundations and some wooden structures, one of which is the remains of a large mill building. Additionally, the remains of the wood towers for the tramway can still be seen on the hillside, and the old rail bed of the Nevada Short Line can be followed much of the way through the canyon.
on Interstate 80
; from there turn SE on dirt road for 10.2 mi (16.4 km) to the location of Lower Rochester town site.
Pershing County, Nevada
Pershing County is a county located in the U.S. state of Nevada. As of the 2000 census, the population was 6,693. Its county seat is Lovelock. The county was named after army general John J. Pershing . It was formed from Humboldt County in 1919, and the last county to be established in...
, approximately 110 mi (177 km) east of Reno
Reno, Nevada
Reno is the county seat of Washoe County, Nevada, United States. The city has a population of about 220,500 and is the most populous Nevada city outside of the Las Vegas metropolitan area...
. It is now a ghost town
Ghost town
A ghost town is an abandoned town or city. A town often becomes a ghost town because the economic activity that supported it has failed, or due to natural or human-caused disasters such as floods, government actions, uncontrolled lawlessness, war, or nuclear disasters...
. Lower Rochester is still available to visitors; Upper Rochester has been buried under mine tailings
Tailings
Tailings, also called mine dumps, slimes, tails, leach residue, or slickens, are the materials left over after the process of separating the valuable fraction from the uneconomic fraction of an ore...
of the more recent Coeur Rochester open pit mine.
History
Rochester is the collective name for three different sites: Rochester Heights, Upper Rochester, and Lower Rochester, spread out along a 3 mi (4.8 km) stretch of Rochester Canyon. When goldGold
Gold is a chemical element with the symbol Au and an atomic number of 79. Gold is a dense, soft, shiny, malleable and ductile metal. Pure gold has a bright yellow color and luster traditionally considered attractive, which it maintains without oxidizing in air or water. Chemically, gold is a...
was discovered here in the 1860s by immigrants from Rochester, New York
Rochester, New York
Rochester is a city in Monroe County, New York, south of Lake Ontario in the United States. Known as The World's Image Centre, it was also once known as The Flour City, and more recently as The Flower City...
, there was only one camp, at the upper end of the canyon. Later this would become known as Rochester Heights (often, along with Upper Rochester, called “Old Town”). Exploration and mining was on a fairly small scale from the 1860s, with the ore processed on a small scale, or shipped by wagon to larger towns for milling.
Although there was always a presence of sorts in Rochester from 1861 on, it wasn’t until a discovery by Joseph Nenzel of rich silver ore in 1912 that Rochester became a true boomtown. By November 1912, as word of the find spread, people streamed into the area. The town expanded, and Upper Rochester came into being, as well as the beginnings of what became known as Lower Rochester. Rochester Heights was soon lumped in with Upper Rochester, and those towns became collectively known as Old Town, with Lower Rochester being the new town. Rochester Canyon is a fairly narrow canyon, with steep slopes on either side of the narrow canyon floor, and so the camps tended to spread down the canyon, rather than outwards. As more and more people came to the area, the two camps soon boasted saloons, hotel
Hotel
A hotel is an establishment that provides paid lodging on a short-term basis. The provision of basic accommodation, in times past, consisting only of a room with a bed, a cupboard, a small table and a washstand has largely been replaced by rooms with modern facilities, including en-suite bathrooms...
s, and other businesses. Upper and Lower Rochester became thriving mining sites, with a population exceeding 1,500. Most of the commercial district was in Upper Rochester, with Lower Rochester having the mill and other mining support facilities. The town boasted of having The Rochester Philharmonic Orchestra.
In 1914 the Nevada Short Line Railway
Nevada Short Line Railway
The Nevada Short Line Railway was a railroad that ran east from Oreana to the silver mining area of Rochester, Nevada. The railway terminated near, but did not connect with, the Southern Pacfiic Railroad in Oreana due to the Nevada Short Line being narrow gauge and the SP being a standard...
extended its tracks from Orena, which was east of Rochester. The railway was then operating up into Limerick Canyon from Orena, but a spur was built which branched off into Rochester Canyon as far as Lower Rochester. In August 1915 the railway extended tracks up the canyon through Upper Rochester to reach the mine at the end of the canyon, with the intention that the ore could be hauled down to the milling operations in Lower Rochester. The operation of the railroad was undependable at best, however. Equipment difficulties (the railroad was using old second-hand locomotives), fires, accidents, along with the vagaries of the management of the railway (it went into receivership in late 1915, but was given one last chance by a District Court judge in Reno to be profitable), meant that the mines could never depend entirely on the railroad. The railway struggled to make a profit and operate on a reasonable schedule through 1915 and into 1916, but the mines were not happy about the service. Finally, having had enough, the mine announced in September 1916 that it would build a tramway from the mines down to the mill in Lower Rochester. By mid-1917 the tramway was in operation, and the days of the Nevada Short Line were numbered. It again went into receivership in 1918, and finally by 1919 it was completely shut down, and the equipment sold off. The rails were ripped up and completely gone by 1920.
Transportation problems did not stop mining; the mine continued to operate until 1942, producing over $9 million dollars in silver and gold. Rochester as a town, however, began to wane slowly after 1922, and by 1926 the post office had closed, as had many businesses. After 1942 the mine was shuttered for long periods, operating only intermittently as silver and gold prices warranted. Most people had completely left the area by 1951, and at best there was “caretaker” status by a few resolute souls who lived on and off in the few remaining buildings.
In 1986 Coeur d'Alene Mines began large scale open pit mining operations on Nenzel Hill and beyond. This new operation (Coeur Rochester, and in 2003 the nearby Packard Mine) has buried nearly all of Upper Rochester under large mine tailing piles. Lower Rochester still has many foundations and some wooden structures, one of which is the remains of a large mill building. Additionally, the remains of the wood towers for the tramway can still be seen on the hillside, and the old rail bed of the Nevada Short Line can be followed much of the way through the canyon.
Location
Rochester is at an elevation of 5563 ft (1,695.6 m) approximately 110 miles east from RenoReno, Nevada
Reno is the county seat of Washoe County, Nevada, United States. The city has a population of about 220,500 and is the most populous Nevada city outside of the Las Vegas metropolitan area...
on Interstate 80
Interstate 80 in Nevada
In the U.S. state of Nevada, Interstate 80 traverses the northern portion of the state. The freeway serves the Reno-Sparks metropolitan area, and also goes through the towns of Fernley, Lovelock, Winnemucca, Battle Mountain, Elko, Wells and West Wendover on its way through the state.I-80 follows...
; from there turn SE on dirt road for 10.2 mi (16.4 km) to the location of Lower Rochester town site.
External links
- Rochester at Forgotten Nevada
- Rochester at ghosttowns.com
- Rochester on Google Maps
- Antelope Springs district at Mindat.orgMindat.orgMindat.org is a non-commercial online mineralogical database, claiming to be the largest mineral database and mineralogical reference website on the internet....