Resusci Anne
Encyclopedia
Resusci Anne, also known as Rescue Anne, Resusci Annie or CPR Annie, is a training mannequin used for teaching cardiopulmonary resuscitation
(CPR) to both emergency workers and members of the general public. Resusci Anne was developed by Norwegian toy maker Åsmund Laerdal
, based on the research of Peter Safar
and James Elam
, and was first introduced in 1960. The mannequin is designed to accurately simulate the human respiratory system
and external body landmarks in order to facilitate training.
Since its original introduction, several different versions of Resusci Anne have also been introduced, including versions with computer monitoring, and versions that simulate other emergency medical conditions, such as severe wounds and trauma.
Trainees using the original Resusci Anne were expected to approach the mannequin. After receiving no response, the trainees then proceeded to administer CPR to the mannequin. This system was intended to teach trainees that not all victims require CPR—if a victim can respond when asked if he/she is okay, the victim does not need CPR.
The distinctive face of Resusci Anne was based on L'Inconnue de la Seine
, the death mask
of an unidentified young woman reputedly drowned in the Seine River
around the late 1880s.
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation is an emergency procedure which is performed in an effort to manually preserve intact brain function until further measures are taken to restore spontaneous blood circulation and breathing in a person in cardiac arrest. It is indicated in those who are unresponsive...
(CPR) to both emergency workers and members of the general public. Resusci Anne was developed by Norwegian toy maker Åsmund Laerdal
Asmund Laerdal
Asmund Laerdal is the founder of Laerdal Medical, based in Stavanger, Norway. Laerdal established a publishing house in 1940, specializing in greetings cards and children's books. The company soon expanded into the manufacturing of wooden toys. Pioneering in soft plastics in the early 1950s,...
, based on the research of Peter Safar
Peter Safar
Peter Safar was an Austrian physician of Czech descent. He is credited with pioneering cardiopulmonary resuscitation.- Early life :...
and James Elam
James Elam
James Otis Elam, was a U.S. M.D. and respiratory researcher.Based on his research at the Buffalo's Roswell Park Memorial Institute for understanding carbon dioxide absorption, he developed a prototype ventilator device that efficiently could absorb carbon dioxide during surgery, dubbed the Roswell...
, and was first introduced in 1960. The mannequin is designed to accurately simulate the human respiratory system
Respiratory system
The respiratory system is the anatomical system of an organism that introduces respiratory gases to the interior and performs gas exchange. In humans and other mammals, the anatomical features of the respiratory system include airways, lungs, and the respiratory muscles...
and external body landmarks in order to facilitate training.
Since its original introduction, several different versions of Resusci Anne have also been introduced, including versions with computer monitoring, and versions that simulate other emergency medical conditions, such as severe wounds and trauma.
Trainees using the original Resusci Anne were expected to approach the mannequin. After receiving no response, the trainees then proceeded to administer CPR to the mannequin. This system was intended to teach trainees that not all victims require CPR—if a victim can respond when asked if he/she is okay, the victim does not need CPR.
The distinctive face of Resusci Anne was based on L'Inconnue de la Seine
L'Inconnue de la Seine
L'Inconnue de la Seine was an unidentified young woman whose death mask became a popular fixture on the walls of artists' homes after 1900...
, the death mask
Death mask
In Western cultures a death mask is a wax or plaster cast made of a person’s face following death. Death masks may be mementos of the dead, or be used for creation of portraits...
of an unidentified young woman reputedly drowned in the Seine River
Seine
The Seine is a -long river and an important commercial waterway within the Paris Basin in the north of France. It rises at Saint-Seine near Dijon in northeastern France in the Langres plateau, flowing through Paris and into the English Channel at Le Havre . It is navigable by ocean-going vessels...
around the late 1880s.