Republic of the Congo parliamentary election, 1992
Encyclopedia
Parliamentary elections were held in the Republic of the Congo
in 1992, along with a presidential election
, marking the end of the transition to multiparty politics. The election was held in two rounds, the first on 24 June 1992 and the second on 19 July 1992. The Pan-African Union for Social Democracy
(UPADS)—led by Pascal Lissouba
, who won the presidential election—won a plurality of seats (39), while the Congolese Movement for Democracy and Integral Development
(MCDDI) of second place presidential candidate Bernard Kolélas
won the second highest number of seats (29). Following in third place was the Congolese Labor Party (PCT), which had been the ruling party during single-party rule.
The PCT backed Lissouba at the time of the election, giving the pro-Lissouba National Alliance for Democracy (AND) coalition a slight parliamentary majority (64 out of 125 seats). However, when Lissouba gave the PCT only three posts in the 28-member government he appointed in September 1992, the PCT (which wanted one-third of the portfolios) broke with Lissouba and instead allied with the Union for Democratic Renewal
(URD) opposition coalition, which was led by Kolélas. This defection deprived Lissouba of his majority.
With an opposition majority in the National Assembly, the PCT's André Mouélé
was elected as President of the National Assembly on September 24; the PCT and the URD formally signed an alliance on September 30. The opposition majority rejected the government appointed by Lissouba, which was led by Prime Minister Stéphane Maurice Bongho-Nouarra
, in a vote of no confidence on October 31, and it demanded the appointment of a new Prime Minister from the parliamentary majority, as required by the constitution. Rather than do so, Lissouba dissolved the National Assembly. The URD and PCT protested this, and despite Lissouba's desire to leave Bongho-Nouarra in office during the interim period leading to a new election, he agreed under pressure to appoint a coalition government in which 60% of the posts were held by the URD and PCT (the "60/40" government of Prime Minister Claude Antoine Dacosta). Six months later, a new parliamentary election
was held in June 1993.
Republic of the Congo
The Republic of the Congo , sometimes known locally as Congo-Brazzaville, is a state in Central Africa. It is bordered by Gabon, Cameroon, the Central African Republic, the Democratic Republic of the Congo , the Angolan exclave province of Cabinda, and the Gulf of Guinea.The region was dominated by...
in 1992, along with a presidential election
Republic of the Congo presidential election, 1992
Presidential elections were held in the Republic of the Congo in August 1992, marking the end of the transitional period that began with the February–June 1991 National Conference...
, marking the end of the transition to multiparty politics. The election was held in two rounds, the first on 24 June 1992 and the second on 19 July 1992. The Pan-African Union for Social Democracy
Pan-African Union for Social Democracy
The Pan-African Union for Social Democracy is a political party in the Republic of the Congo, led by former president Pascal Lissouba....
(UPADS)—led by Pascal Lissouba
Pascal Lissouba
Pascal Lissouba was the first democratically elected President of the Republic of the Congo from August 31, 1992 to October 15, 1997. He was overthrown by the current President Denis Sassou Nguesso in the 1997 civil war....
, who won the presidential election—won a plurality of seats (39), while the Congolese Movement for Democracy and Integral Development
Congolese Movement for Democracy and Integral Development
The Congolese Movement for Democracy and Integral Development is a political party in the Republic of the Congo, led by Bernard Kolélas....
(MCDDI) of second place presidential candidate Bernard Kolélas
Bernard Kolélas
Bernard Bakana Kolélas was a Congolese politician and President of the Congolese Movement for Democracy and Integral Development...
won the second highest number of seats (29). Following in third place was the Congolese Labor Party (PCT), which had been the ruling party during single-party rule.
The PCT backed Lissouba at the time of the election, giving the pro-Lissouba National Alliance for Democracy (AND) coalition a slight parliamentary majority (64 out of 125 seats). However, when Lissouba gave the PCT only three posts in the 28-member government he appointed in September 1992, the PCT (which wanted one-third of the portfolios) broke with Lissouba and instead allied with the Union for Democratic Renewal
Union for Democratic Renewal (Congo)
The Union for Democratic Renewal was a coalition of political parties in the Republic of the Congo. The coalition was led by Bernard Kolélas, who was also the leader of the coalition's largest party, the Congolese Movement for Democracy and Integral Development...
(URD) opposition coalition, which was led by Kolélas. This defection deprived Lissouba of his majority.
With an opposition majority in the National Assembly, the PCT's André Mouélé
André Mouélé
André Mouélé is a Congolese politician. During the single-party rule of the Congolese Labour Party , he served in the government of Congo-Brazzaville as Minister of Culture, Arts, and Sports and as Minister of Labour and Justice in the 1970s...
was elected as President of the National Assembly on September 24; the PCT and the URD formally signed an alliance on September 30. The opposition majority rejected the government appointed by Lissouba, which was led by Prime Minister Stéphane Maurice Bongho-Nouarra
Stéphane Maurice Bongho-Nouarra
Stéphane Maurice Bongho-Nouarra was a Congolese politician. He served in the government of Congo-Brazzaville during the late 1960s, and after a long period in exile, he returned and played an important role in the politics of the 1990s...
, in a vote of no confidence on October 31, and it demanded the appointment of a new Prime Minister from the parliamentary majority, as required by the constitution. Rather than do so, Lissouba dissolved the National Assembly. The URD and PCT protested this, and despite Lissouba's desire to leave Bongho-Nouarra in office during the interim period leading to a new election, he agreed under pressure to appoint a coalition government in which 60% of the posts were held by the URD and PCT (the "60/40" government of Prime Minister Claude Antoine Dacosta). Six months later, a new parliamentary election
Republic of the Congo parliamentary election, 1993
Parliamentary elections were held in the Republic of the Congo on 2 May 1993, with a second round in several constituencies on 6 June. The result was a victory for the Presidential Tendency coalition, which won 65 of the 125 seats in the National Assembly....
was held in June 1993.
Results
| Party | Votes | % | Seats | +/- |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pan-African Union for Social Democracy Pan-African Union for Social Democracy The Pan-African Union for Social Democracy is a political party in the Republic of the Congo, led by former president Pascal Lissouba.... |
39 | New | ||
| Congolese Movement for Democracy and Integral Development Congolese Movement for Democracy and Integral Development The Congolese Movement for Democracy and Integral Development is a political party in the Republic of the Congo, led by Bernard Kolélas.... |
29 | New | ||
| Congolese Party of Labour Congolese Party of Labour The Congolese Party of Labour , founded in 1969 by Marien Ngouabi, is the ruling political party of the Republic of the Congo... |
18 | |||
| Democratic Rally for Social Progress | 9 | New | ||
| Rally for Democracy and Development Rally for Democracy and Development The Rally for Democracy and Development is a political party in the Republic of the Congo. It has been one of the main participants in a coalition known as the African Socialist Movement-Congolese Progressive Party .The RDD was founded in 1990 under the leadership of former Head of State Joachim... |
5 | New | ||
| Union of Democratic Forces Union of Democratic Forces (Republic of the Congo) The Union of Democratic Forces is a political party in the Republic of the Congo. In the parliamentary election held on June 24 and August 5 2007, the party won 1 out of 137 seats.... |
3 | New | ||
| Union for Social Progress and Democracy | 2 | New | ||
| African Movement for Social Renaissance | 1 | New | ||
| National Party | 1 | New | ||
| Union for Christian Democracy | 1 | New | ||
| Democratic and Patriotic Forces | 1 | New | ||
| National Rally for Democracy and Progress | 1 | New | ||
| Union for Progress | 1 | New | ||
| Union for National Recovery | 1 | New | ||
| National Union for Democracy and Progress | 1 | New | ||
| National Committee for Democracy and Development | 1 | New | ||
| Republican Party for the Defence of Congo | 1 | New | ||
| National Democratic Allianace | 1 | New | ||
| Forum for Democracy and Solidarity | 1 | New | ||
| Independents | 8 | New | ||
| Total | 125 | -8 | ||
| Source: Nohlen et al | ||||