RPR is a problem diagnosis method specifically designed to determine the root cause

Root cause

A root cause is rarely an initiating cause of a causal chain which leads to an outcome or effect of interest. Commonly, root cause is misused to describe the depth in the causal chain where an intervention could reasonably be implemented to change performance and prevent an undesirable outcome.In...

 of IT problems.

Overview

RPR (rapid problem resolution) deals with failures, incorrect output and performance issues, and its particular strengths are in the diagnosis of ongoing & recurring grey problems

Grey problem

Grey problem is a term for an IT problem where the causing technology is unknown or unconfirmed. Common grey problems are:* Intermittent errors;* Intermittent incorrect output, or;* Transient performance problems....

. The method comprises:

• Core process
• Supporting techniques

The core process defines a step-by-step approach to problem diagnosis and has three phases:

• Discover
  • Gather and review existing information
  • Reach an agreed understanding
• Investigate
  • Create and execute a diagnostic data capture plan
  • Analyse the results and iterate if necessary
  • Identify root cause
• Fix
  • Translate diagnostic data
  • Determine and implement fix
  • Confirm root cause addressed

The supporting techniques detail how the objectives of the core-process steps are achieved, and cite examples using tools and techniques that are available in every business.

Standards alignment

RPR has been fully aligned with ITIL v3 since RPR 2.01 was released in April 2008. RPR fits directly into the ITIL v3 problem management process  as a sub-process. Some organisations handle ongoing recurring problems within incident management, and RPR also fits into the ITIL v3 incident management process

Incident Management (ITSM)

Incident Management is an IT service management process area. The first goal of the incident management process is to restore a normal service operation as quickly as possible and to minimize the impact on business operations, thus ensuring that the best possible levels of service quality and...

 as a sub-process.

COBIT

COBIT

COBIT is a framework created by ISACA for information technology management and IT Governance. It is a supporting toolset that allows managers to bridge the gap between control requirements, technical issues and business risks.-Overview:...

 also defines a problem management process (DS10) with key activity of Perform root cause analysis. RPR is a superset of this step in that it defines a process that covers all of the activities needed to perform Problem investigation & diagnosis, including Root Cause identification.

Limitations and considerations

RPR has some limitations and considerations, including:

• RPR deals with a single symptom at a time
• RPR identifies the technical root cause of a problem, it can't be used to identify the non-technical root cause with people, process, etc.
• RPR is not a forensic technique and so historical data alone is rarely sufficient
• The Investigate phase requires the user to experience the problem one more time

History

The method was originally developed by Advance7 in 1990 as Advanced Network Troubleshooting, with the first fully documented version produced in 1995. Early versions included problem management guidance but this was removed over time as the method became more closely aligned to ITIL, and the method name was changed to Rapid Problem Resolution (RPR). RPR is now focused on Problem Diagnosis based on Root Cause Identification. Due to the highly practical nature of the Supporting Techniques and the ever changing IT landscape, Advance7 continues to develop RPR to keep it relevant to current IT environments.

Until November 2007 Advance7 made the RPR material available to its employees only, although a limited number of other IT professionals had been trained in the use of the method. In late 2007 the company announced its intention to make RPR training and material more widely available.

In March 2009 the TSO added a significant amount of RPR information to the ITIL Best Practice Live website within the areas dealing with Problem Management.

In September 2011, Advance7 published RPR: A Problem Diagnosis Method for IT Professionals which fully describes version 2.03 of the method.

See also

• ITIL v3 problem management
• ITIL v3 incident management
  Incident Management (ITSM)
  Incident Management is an IT service management process area. The first goal of the incident management process is to restore a normal service operation as quickly as possible and to minimize the impact on business operations, thus ensuring that the best possible levels of service quality and...
  
  
• COBIT
  COBIT
  COBIT is a framework created by ISACA for information technology management and IT Governance. It is a supporting toolset that allows managers to bridge the gap between control requirements, technical issues and business risks.-Overview:...
  
  
• Grey problem
  Grey problem
  Grey problem is a term for an IT problem where the causing technology is unknown or unconfirmed. Common grey problems are:* Intermittent errors;* Intermittent incorrect output, or;* Transient performance problems....
  
  

Further reading

• Offord, Paul (2011). RPR: A Problem Diagnosis Method for IT Professionals. Advance Seven Limited. ISBN 978-1-4478-4443-3.
• RPR presentation to the British Computer Society
• Case Study: Aberdeen City Council solves four-month IT problem in two days
• Article: Misunderstand the symptoms, fail with the cure