Papaya mosaic virus
Encyclopedia
Papaya mosaic virus is a plant pathogenic virus in the genus Potexvirus
and the family Flexiviridae
. PapMV is a filamentous, flexuous rod, 530 nm in length.
The virus is a monopartite strand of positive-sense, single-stranded RNA surrounded by a capsid
made for a single viral encoded protein. The genome has been completely sequenced and is 6656 nucleotides long. It is transmitted by mechanical inoculation. No insect vector is involved and it is not transmitted in seeds.
Mature virions form banded inclusions that can be seen in leaf strips of infected plants when stained with either the Orange-Green protein stain or the Azure A nucleic acid stain.
(Carica papaya), although in host range studies, PapMV was able to infect a few other plants including snapdragons (Antirrhinum majus). It is also reported to naturally infect Ullucus tuberosus.
PapMV was first reported in papaya in 1962 together with another virus that became known as Papaya ringspot virus
(PRSV), a potyvirus
. The two viruses were differentiated in 1965 and 1967 using particle lengths, serology, host range, inclusions, and aphid transmissibility .
PapMV causes mild mosaic symptoms on papaya leaves and stunting of the plant
. It is known to occur in South America (Bolivia, Peru, and Venezuela) and the USA.
Potexvirus
Potexvirus is a genus of plant pathogenic viruses, belonging to the family Alphaflexiviridae and the order Tymovirales. Transmission occurs mechanically, with viruses in this genus causing mosaic and ringspot symptoms....
and the family Flexiviridae
Flexiviridae
The Flexiviridae were a new family of viruses in the 2004 classification of viruses, but have since the 2009 classification been split into the three new families Alphaflexiviridae, Betaflexiviridae and Gammaflexiviridae...
. PapMV is a filamentous, flexuous rod, 530 nm in length.
The virus is a monopartite strand of positive-sense, single-stranded RNA surrounded by a capsid
Capsid
A capsid is the protein shell of a virus. It consists of several oligomeric structural subunits made of protein called protomers. The observable 3-dimensional morphological subunits, which may or may not correspond to individual proteins, are called capsomeres. The capsid encloses the genetic...
made for a single viral encoded protein. The genome has been completely sequenced and is 6656 nucleotides long. It is transmitted by mechanical inoculation. No insect vector is involved and it is not transmitted in seeds.
Mature virions form banded inclusions that can be seen in leaf strips of infected plants when stained with either the Orange-Green protein stain or the Azure A nucleic acid stain.
Hosts, Symptoms and Distribution
Its principle host is papayaPapaya
The papaya , papaw, or pawpaw is the fruit of the plant Carica papaya, the sole species in the genus Carica of the plant family Caricaceae...
(Carica papaya), although in host range studies, PapMV was able to infect a few other plants including snapdragons (Antirrhinum majus). It is also reported to naturally infect Ullucus tuberosus.
PapMV was first reported in papaya in 1962 together with another virus that became known as Papaya ringspot virus
Papaya ringspot virus
Papaya ringspot virus is a plant pathogenic virus in the genus Potyvirus and the virus family Potyviridae.The virus is a non-enveloped, flexous rod-shaped particle that is between 760-800 nm long and 12 nm in diameter. It is transmitted between plants by mechanical activities like...
(PRSV), a potyvirus
Potyvirus
Potyviruses infect plants and belong to the family Potyviridae. The genus is named after the type virus - Potato Virus Y.The Potyvirus, like the Begomoviruses, have ~30% of the currently known plant viruses and have at least 180 definitive and possible members...
. The two viruses were differentiated in 1965 and 1967 using particle lengths, serology, host range, inclusions, and aphid transmissibility .
PapMV causes mild mosaic symptoms on papaya leaves and stunting of the plant
. It is known to occur in South America (Bolivia, Peru, and Venezuela) and the USA.