Orchidoideae
Encyclopedia
The Orchidoideae, or the orchidoid orchids, are a subfamily of the orchid family (Orchidaceae
).
They typically contain the orchids with a single (monandrous
), fertile anther which is erect and basitonic.
The subfamily Orchidoideae and the previously recognized subfamily Spiranthoideae are considered the closest allies in the natural group of the monandrous orchids because of
The Orchidoideae contain two subclades with the following tribes :
The former subfamily Spiranthoideae is now embedded as tribe Cranichideae in the clade
of the Orchidoideae. It is sister to the tribe Diurideae.
The tribe Orchideae consists of the following subtribes:
The tribe Diseae consists of the following subtribes:
The monophyletic tribe Cranichideae consists of the following monophyletic subtribes :
The tribe Diurideae consists of the following subtribes :
Orchidaceae
The Orchidaceae, commonly referred to as the orchid family, is a morphologically diverse and widespread family of monocots in the order Asparagales. Along with the Asteraceae, it is one of the two largest families of flowering plants, with between 21,950 and 26,049 currently accepted species,...
).
They typically contain the orchids with a single (monandrous
Monandrous
- In orchids :A distinction between monandrous and other flowers is particularly relevant in the classification of orchids. The monandrous orchids form a clade consisting of the subfamilies Orchidoideae, Vanilloideae, and Epidendroideae. The other subfamilies, Apostasioideae and Cypripedioideae,...
), fertile anther which is erect and basitonic.
The subfamily Orchidoideae and the previously recognized subfamily Spiranthoideae are considered the closest allies in the natural group of the monandrous orchids because of
- a shared terrestrialTerrestrial plantA terrestrial plant is one that grows on land. Other types of plants are aquatic , epiphytic , lithophytes and aerial ....
habit - sectile (capable of being severed) or granular polliniaPolliniumPollinium, or plural pollinia, is a coherent mass of pollen grains in a plant.They are the product of only one anther, but are transferred, during pollination, as a single unit. This is regularly seen in plants such as orchids and many species of milkweeds .Most orchids have waxy pollinia...
- erect anthers.
The Orchidoideae contain two subclades with the following tribes :
- tribes Orchideae and Diseae
- tribes Cranichideae and Diurideae
The former subfamily Spiranthoideae is now embedded as tribe Cranichideae in the clade
Cladistics
Cladistics is a method of classifying species of organisms into groups called clades, which consist of an ancestor organism and all its descendants . For example, birds, dinosaurs, crocodiles, and all descendants of their most recent common ancestor form a clade...
of the Orchidoideae. It is sister to the tribe Diurideae.
The tribe Orchideae consists of the following subtribes:
- Habenariinae
- Orchidinae
The tribe Diseae consists of the following subtribes:
- Disinae
- Satyriinae
The monophyletic tribe Cranichideae consists of the following monophyletic subtribes :
- Achlydosinae
- Pterostylidinae
- Chloraeinae
- Goodyerinae s.l. (including former Pachyplectroninae)
- Galeottiellinae
- Manniellinae
- Cranichidinae s.l. (including former Prescottiinae)
- Spiranthinae
The tribe Diurideae consists of the following subtribes :
- Acianthinae (monophyleric)
- Caladeniinae (polyphyletic)
- Cryptostylidinae (monophyletic)
- Diuridinae (monophyletic)
- Drakaeinae (monophyletic)
- Prasophyllinae(monophyletic)
- Thelymitrinae (monophyletic)