Naval Ammunition Depot
Encyclopedia
The Naval Ammunition Depot (NAD) was the largest United States World War II naval munitions plant operating from 1942 to 1946. Construction began in July, 1942 on 49000 acres (198.3 km²) near Hastings, Nebraska
and was completed in early 1943 with over 2000 structures including buildings, bunkers, and various other types of structures built just for this operation.
The cost of construction was over $71 million and this facility produced over 40% of the U.S. Navy's munitions in World War II. The Navy chose to build in this location in part due the proximity to the area's three railroads; the abundance of underground water, cheap natural gas and electricity; the stable work force; and the distance from either coast, since the Japanese or German bombers did not have the range to fly that far inland.
Three other NAD plants were located in Burns City, Indiana
; McAlester, Oklahoma
and Hawthorne, Nevada
. This facility produced bombs, rockets, torpedoes, mines, bagged powder and all calibers of smaller ammunition.
The most severe accidental blast killed nine people and injured fifty-three on September 15, 1944. It was caused by human error while a train was being loaded. The loading depot and the train were totally destroyed. Part of the roof at a school in Harvard, approximately 15 miles (24.1 km) east of Hastings, collapsed as a result of the explosion; injuring 10 children.
, which uses some of the former buildings, Hastings East Industrial Park (HEIP), a golf course, the GreenLief training facilities for National Guardsmen and Reservists, and the US Meat Animal Research Center, which was granted part of the site in 1964.
Hastings, Nebraska
Hastings is a city in and the county seat of Adams County, Nebraska, United States. It is the principal city of the Hastings, Nebraska Micropolitan Statistical Area, which consists of Adams and Clay counties. The population was 24,907 at the 2010 census...
and was completed in early 1943 with over 2000 structures including buildings, bunkers, and various other types of structures built just for this operation.
The cost of construction was over $71 million and this facility produced over 40% of the U.S. Navy's munitions in World War II. The Navy chose to build in this location in part due the proximity to the area's three railroads; the abundance of underground water, cheap natural gas and electricity; the stable work force; and the distance from either coast, since the Japanese or German bombers did not have the range to fly that far inland.
Three other NAD plants were located in Burns City, Indiana
Burns City, Indiana
Burns City is an unincorporated town in Perry Township, Martin County, Indiana.-History:The town was originally founded as Keck's Church in 1849 by Christian Keck, and early settler. It became known as Kecksville around 1852. The name was officially changed to Burns City on September 15, 1890. The...
; McAlester, Oklahoma
McAlester, Oklahoma
McAlester is a city in Pittsburg County, Oklahoma, United States. The population was 17,783 at the 2000 census. It is the county seat of Pittsburg County. It is currently the largest city in the Choctaw Nation of Oklahoma, followed by Durant....
and Hawthorne, Nevada
Hawthorne, Nevada
Hawthorne is a census-designated place in Mineral County, Nevada, United States. The population was 3,311 at the 2000 census. It is the county seat of Mineral County...
. This facility produced bombs, rockets, torpedoes, mines, bagged powder and all calibers of smaller ammunition.
Wartime accidents
While the NAD had an excellent safety record considering the 24/7 operations and 60 hour work weeks, there were four explosions (only two were officially reported) during the War. All accidents occurred in 1944 and resulted in the deaths of 22 people.The most severe accidental blast killed nine people and injured fifty-three on September 15, 1944. It was caused by human error while a train was being loaded. The loading depot and the train were totally destroyed. Part of the roof at a school in Harvard, approximately 15 miles (24.1 km) east of Hastings, collapsed as a result of the explosion; injuring 10 children.
After World War II
In April 1945, the work week was reduced from 60 to 54 hours, and in August it was reduced to 40 hours and the number of employees was reduced to 3,000. By 1949, personnel numbered 1,189. The outbreak of the Korean War brought about reactivation of the depot in August 1950. Peak employment during the Korean War occurred in January 1954 when 2,946 civilians were employed.Air Force presence
During the Vietnam War, a portion of the NAD was turned over to the Air Force. This became a radar bomb scoring detachment that helped train pilots in electronic bombing techniques that were used in southeast Asia.Closure and transfer of site
Closure of the site was ordered in December 1958 to be concluded no later than June 1966. The land is now occupied by Central Community CollegeCentral Community College (Nebraska)
Central Community College is a two-year public college with three campuses, in Hastings, Columbus, and Grand Island, Nebraska. In addition the college has learning centers in Holdrege, Kearney, and Lexington...
, which uses some of the former buildings, Hastings East Industrial Park (HEIP), a golf course, the GreenLief training facilities for National Guardsmen and Reservists, and the US Meat Animal Research Center, which was granted part of the site in 1964.
External links
- Naval Ammunition Depot - Virtual Driving Tour
- Building Bombs on the Plains
- Adams County Historical Society, The Naval Ammunition Depot http://www.adamshistory.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=30&Itemid=42