Mouvement Révolutionaire National pour le Développement
Encyclopedia
Mouvement Révolutionaire National pour le Développement (National Revolutionary Movement for Development, MRND) is a former Rwanda
n political party. It was established by the second Rwandan President in 1973.
After the legalization of opposition parties in 1991, the MRND officially changed its name to the Mouvement Républicain National pour la Démocratie et le Développement (National Republican Movement for Democracy and Development). The MRND was banned after the defeat of Rwandan Armed Forces by the then highly organized Rwandan Patriotic Front
in the civil war of 1994.
founded the Mouvement Révolutionaire National pour le Développement, which became the de facto single party. The new constitution of 1978 established this one party rule.
On June 10th 1991 a new constitution establishing a multiparty system was imposed in a speech by the President of France Francois Mitterrand
in La Baule.
On July 5, 1991 , the party renamed itself the Mouvement Républicain National pour le Développement et la Démocratie MRND(D) and begins to approve newly created parties.
In 1992 , a "youth movement" was founded by the party, it was called the Interahamwe
. This group would later become a major player in the Rwandan Genocide
.
Rwanda
Rwanda or , officially the Republic of Rwanda , is a country in central and eastern Africa with a population of approximately 11.4 million . Rwanda is located a few degrees south of the Equator, and is bordered by Uganda, Tanzania, Burundi and the Democratic Republic of the Congo...
n political party. It was established by the second Rwandan President in 1973.
After the legalization of opposition parties in 1991, the MRND officially changed its name to the Mouvement Républicain National pour la Démocratie et le Développement (National Republican Movement for Democracy and Development). The MRND was banned after the defeat of Rwandan Armed Forces by the then highly organized Rwandan Patriotic Front
Rwandan Patriotic Front
The Rwandan Patriotic Front abbreviated as RPF is the current ruling political party of Rwanda, led by President Paul Kagame. It governs in a coalition with other parties...
in the civil war of 1994.
History
A year after his 1973 coup President HabyarimanaJuvénal Habyarimana
Juvénal Habyarimana was the third President of the Republic of Rwanda, the post he held longer than any other president to date, from 1973 until 1994. During his 20-year rule he favored his own ethnic group, the Hutus, and supported the Hutu majority in neighboring Burundi against the Tutsi...
founded the Mouvement Révolutionaire National pour le Développement, which became the de facto single party. The new constitution of 1978 established this one party rule.
On June 10th 1991 a new constitution establishing a multiparty system was imposed in a speech by the President of France Francois Mitterrand
François Mitterrand
François Maurice Adrien Marie Mitterrand was the 21st President of the French Republic and ex officio Co-Prince of Andorra, serving from 1981 until 1995. He is the longest-serving President of France and, as leader of the Socialist Party, the only figure from the left so far elected President...
in La Baule.
On July 5, 1991 , the party renamed itself the Mouvement Républicain National pour le Développement et la Démocratie MRND(D) and begins to approve newly created parties.
In 1992 , a "youth movement" was founded by the party, it was called the Interahamwe
Interahamwe
The Interahamwe is a Hutu paramilitary organization. The militia enjoyed the backing of the Hutu-led government leading up to, during, and after the Rwandan Genocide. Since the genocide, they have been forced out of Rwanda, and have sought asylum in Congo...
. This group would later become a major player in the Rwandan Genocide
Rwandan Genocide
The Rwandan Genocide was the 1994 mass murder of an estimated 800,000 people in the small East African nation of Rwanda. Over the course of approximately 100 days through mid-July, over 500,000 people were killed, according to a Human Rights Watch estimate...
.