Mariquita Sánchez de Thompson
Encyclopedia
Mariquita Sánchez de Thompson y Mendeville (Buenos Aires
, 1 November 1786 – Buenos Aires, 23 October 1868), born María Josepha Petrona de Todos los Santos Sánchez de Velazco y Trillo, was a patriot from Buenos Aires
and its leading salonnière, whose tertulia
gathered all the leading personalities of her time. She is widely remembered in the Argentine historical tradition because the Argentine National Anthem
was sung for the first time in her house, on 14 May 1811.
She married her cousin, Martín Thompson, in 1805. She authored a description of the failed British invasions
of Buenos Aires
in 1806 and 1807. Her writings are most valued for their illustration of the ambivalence felt by the locals regarding the invasions.
She became a widow
in 1817, and re-married in 1820, this time to the French
expatriate Washington de Mendeville. During the rule of Juan Manuel de Rosas
, she went voluntarily to exile
in Montevideo
, since her son Juan was among the opposition to the government. She returned to Buenos Aires after the Battle of Caseros
.
Buenos Aires
Buenos Aires is the capital and largest city of Argentina, and the second-largest metropolitan area in South America, after São Paulo. It is located on the western shore of the estuary of the Río de la Plata, on the southeastern coast of the South American continent...
, 1 November 1786 – Buenos Aires, 23 October 1868), born María Josepha Petrona de Todos los Santos Sánchez de Velazco y Trillo, was a patriot from Buenos Aires
Buenos Aires
Buenos Aires is the capital and largest city of Argentina, and the second-largest metropolitan area in South America, after São Paulo. It is located on the western shore of the estuary of the Río de la Plata, on the southeastern coast of the South American continent...
and its leading salonnière, whose tertulia
Salon (gathering)
A salon is a gathering of people under the roof of an inspiring host, held partly to amuse one another and partly to refine taste and increase their knowledge of the participants through conversation. These gatherings often consciously followed Horace's definition of the aims of poetry, "either to...
gathered all the leading personalities of her time. She is widely remembered in the Argentine historical tradition because the Argentine National Anthem
Argentine National Anthem
The Argentine National Anthem is the national anthem of Argentina. The name of the song originally was Marcha Patriótica , and was later renamed Canción Patriótica Nacional and finally Canción Patriótica . A copy published in 1847 called it Himno Nacional Argentino and the name has remained ever...
was sung for the first time in her house, on 14 May 1811.
She married her cousin, Martín Thompson, in 1805. She authored a description of the failed British invasions
British invasions of the Río de la Plata
The British invasions of the Río de la Plata were a series of unsuccessful British attempts to seize control of the Spanish colonies located around the La Plata Basin in South America . The invasions took place between 1806 and 1807, as part of the Napoleonic Wars, when Spain was an ally of...
of Buenos Aires
Buenos Aires
Buenos Aires is the capital and largest city of Argentina, and the second-largest metropolitan area in South America, after São Paulo. It is located on the western shore of the estuary of the Río de la Plata, on the southeastern coast of the South American continent...
in 1806 and 1807. Her writings are most valued for their illustration of the ambivalence felt by the locals regarding the invasions.
She became a widow
Widow
A widow is a woman whose spouse has died, while a widower is a man whose spouse has died. The state of having lost one's spouse to death is termed widowhood or occasionally viduity. The adjective form is widowed...
in 1817, and re-married in 1820, this time to the French
France
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
expatriate Washington de Mendeville. During the rule of Juan Manuel de Rosas
Juan Manuel de Rosas
Juan Manuel de Rosas , was an argentine militar and politician, who was elected governor of the province of Buenos Aires in 1829 to 1835, and then of the Argentine Confederation from 1835 until 1852...
, she went voluntarily to exile
Exile
Exile means to be away from one's home , while either being explicitly refused permission to return and/or being threatened with imprisonment or death upon return...
in Montevideo
Montevideo
Montevideo is the largest city, the capital, and the chief port of Uruguay. The settlement was established in 1726 by Bruno Mauricio de Zabala, as a strategic move amidst a Spanish-Portuguese dispute over the platine region, and as a counter to the Portuguese colony at Colonia del Sacramento...
, since her son Juan was among the opposition to the government. She returned to Buenos Aires after the Battle of Caseros
Battle of Caseros
The Battle of Caseros was fought near the town of Caseros, more precisely between the present-day train stations of Caseros and Palomar in Buenos Aires Province, Argentina, on 3 February 1852, between the Army of Buenos Aires commanded by Juan Manuel de Rosas...
.