Ludwigsdorf (Görlitz)
Encyclopedia
Ludwigsdorf is a village and a district belonging to Görlitz
since 1 January 1999. It has almost 900 inhabitants (2003). Together with the village Ober-Neundorf it is the northernmost part of the city.
investigations. According to that, Ludwigsdorf presumably was founded in the course of the German Ostsiedlung
. It is obvious that when the church was built there had to be a certain prosperity yet to manage the building and maintenance of the church. Most of the grubbing and construction phase must have been ended in 1175.
The type of the settlement is a Waldhufendorf
. Under the name Lodewigesdorph (village of Louis) it was mentioned first in 1305, in 1413 it was written Lodewigisdorf, in 1430 Ludwigsdorff, in 1534 Lustorf and in 1559 Lostorf.
In February and March 1431 the Hussites were in Ludwigsdorf. Because 1539 the council of Görlitz
bought the village from Urban Emrich, it belonged to Görlitz once before the incorporation in 1999. In 1621 Lord of Salza auf Ebersbach bought it. About 1665 it was probably the divided into Upper- and Lower-Ludwigsdorf. At the time of the War of the Sixth Coalition
, from 1813 till 1816, Lower-Ludwigsdorf was afflicted with military billeting, according to the records of the then head of the municipality Gottlieb Winkler.
Since 1950 Ober-Neundorf has belonged to Ludwigsdorf. About that time the two parts Upper- and Lower-Ludwigsdorf were no longer mentioned separately.
The church of Ludwigsdorf is mentioned first 1346 in the Meißner Bistumsmatrikel.
The distinct higher age of the building could be documented with the help of dendrochronological
investigations. According to that the choir
was already completed shortly after 1175, the Saal (spezial form of a hall) about 1192. Apparently it was originally intended as a Saal church aisleless church
with Chorquadrat and Apse
. This represents a type widespread in Central Germany. The high age of the church of Ludwigsdorf gives reason to rethink again the beginning and process of the Ostsiedlung
. Previously it was assumed that not until around 1200 a great many of settlers came to the Neisse Valley.
Maybe already at the beginning of the 13th century, the choir was extended to a tower, so the church of Ludwigsdorf is since then a type of a choir tower church :de:Chorturmkirche, which is rare in Upper Lusatia
.
The roof framework of the choir was used again for the tower roof and so remained completely intact.
The water mill
The water mill is in Lower Ludwigsdorf at the Mühlgraben, a branch of the river Neisse.
Previously, the mill was used to mill flour. Today there is a gastronomic event with the special atmosphere of a former mill http://www.kunst-muehle.de/www/index.php?id=3.
Görlitz
Görlitz is a town in Germany. It is the easternmost town in the country, located on the Lusatian Neisse River in the Bundesland of Saxony. It is opposite the Polish town of Zgorzelec, which was a part of Görlitz until 1945. Historically, Görlitz was in the region of Upper Lusatia...
since 1 January 1999. It has almost 900 inhabitants (2003). Together with the village Ober-Neundorf it is the northernmost part of the city.
History
The church of Ludwigsdorf was built by 1175, according to the newest dendrochronologicalDendrochronology
Dendrochronology or tree-ring dating is the scientific method of dating based on the analysis of patterns of tree-rings. Dendrochronology can date the time at which tree rings were formed, in many types of wood, to the exact calendar year...
investigations. According to that, Ludwigsdorf presumably was founded in the course of the German Ostsiedlung
Ostsiedlung
Ostsiedlung , also called German eastward expansion, was the medieval eastward migration and settlement of Germans from modern day western and central Germany into less-populated regions and countries of eastern Central Europe and Eastern Europe. The affected area roughly stretched from Slovenia...
. It is obvious that when the church was built there had to be a certain prosperity yet to manage the building and maintenance of the church. Most of the grubbing and construction phase must have been ended in 1175.
The type of the settlement is a Waldhufendorf
Waldhufendorf
The Waldhufendorf is a form of rural settlement established in areas of forest clearing with the farms arranged in a series along a road or stream, like beads on a chain...
. Under the name Lodewigesdorph (village of Louis) it was mentioned first in 1305, in 1413 it was written Lodewigisdorf, in 1430 Ludwigsdorff, in 1534 Lustorf and in 1559 Lostorf.
In February and March 1431 the Hussites were in Ludwigsdorf. Because 1539 the council of Görlitz
Görlitz
Görlitz is a town in Germany. It is the easternmost town in the country, located on the Lusatian Neisse River in the Bundesland of Saxony. It is opposite the Polish town of Zgorzelec, which was a part of Görlitz until 1945. Historically, Görlitz was in the region of Upper Lusatia...
bought the village from Urban Emrich, it belonged to Görlitz once before the incorporation in 1999. In 1621 Lord of Salza auf Ebersbach bought it. About 1665 it was probably the divided into Upper- and Lower-Ludwigsdorf. At the time of the War of the Sixth Coalition
War of the Sixth Coalition
In the War of the Sixth Coalition , a coalition of Austria, Prussia, Russia, the United Kingdom, Portugal, Sweden, Spain and a number of German States finally defeated France and drove Napoleon Bonaparte into exile on Elba. After Napoleon's disastrous invasion of Russia, the continental powers...
, from 1813 till 1816, Lower-Ludwigsdorf was afflicted with military billeting, according to the records of the then head of the municipality Gottlieb Winkler.
Since 1950 Ober-Neundorf has belonged to Ludwigsdorf. About that time the two parts Upper- and Lower-Ludwigsdorf were no longer mentioned separately.
Sights
Parish churchThe church of Ludwigsdorf is mentioned first 1346 in the Meißner Bistumsmatrikel.
The distinct higher age of the building could be documented with the help of dendrochronological
Dendrochronology
Dendrochronology or tree-ring dating is the scientific method of dating based on the analysis of patterns of tree-rings. Dendrochronology can date the time at which tree rings were formed, in many types of wood, to the exact calendar year...
investigations. According to that the choir
Choir
A choir, chorale or chorus is a musical ensemble of singers. Choral music, in turn, is the music written specifically for such an ensemble to perform.A body of singers who perform together as a group is called a choir or chorus...
was already completed shortly after 1175, the Saal (spezial form of a hall) about 1192. Apparently it was originally intended as a Saal church aisleless church
Aisleless church
An Aisleless church is a single-nave church building that consists of a single hall-like room. While similar to the hall church, the aisleless church lacks aisles or passageways either side of the nave separated from the nave by colonnades or arcades, a row of pillars or columns...
with Chorquadrat and Apse
Apse
In architecture, the apse is a semicircular recess covered with a hemispherical vault or semi-dome...
. This represents a type widespread in Central Germany. The high age of the church of Ludwigsdorf gives reason to rethink again the beginning and process of the Ostsiedlung
Ostsiedlung
Ostsiedlung , also called German eastward expansion, was the medieval eastward migration and settlement of Germans from modern day western and central Germany into less-populated regions and countries of eastern Central Europe and Eastern Europe. The affected area roughly stretched from Slovenia...
. Previously it was assumed that not until around 1200 a great many of settlers came to the Neisse Valley.
Maybe already at the beginning of the 13th century, the choir was extended to a tower, so the church of Ludwigsdorf is since then a type of a choir tower church :de:Chorturmkirche, which is rare in Upper Lusatia
Lusatia
Lusatia is a historical region in Central Europe. It stretches from the Bóbr and Kwisa rivers in the east to the Elbe valley in the west, today located within the German states of Saxony and Brandenburg as well as in the Lower Silesian and Lubusz voivodeships of western Poland...
.
The roof framework of the choir was used again for the tower roof and so remained completely intact.
The water mill
The water mill is in Lower Ludwigsdorf at the Mühlgraben, a branch of the river Neisse.
Previously, the mill was used to mill flour. Today there is a gastronomic event with the special atmosphere of a former mill http://www.kunst-muehle.de/www/index.php?id=3.
Economy and Transportation
There is a customs office Ludwigsdorf at the motorway border crossing.Literature
- Noky/Oelsner/Frenchkowsky: Dachwerke des 12. Jahrhundert in der OL. Ein Zwischenbericht zu den Untersuchungen an der Kirche zu Ludwigsdorf bei Görlitz. In: Denkmalpflege in Görlitz. 14. 2005, S. 5–12